Utvärdering av stallpellets som strömaterial

Humans have over time domesticated the horse from a wild animal into a domesticated. At first humans used horses to feed on, many years later they started to use horses as transportation and fighting gear. They also started housing the horses. Straw is one of the most common and cheapest bedding materials on the market. In earlier studies straw have shown a poor absorbency and high ammonia emission. The manufactures state that wood shaving pellets have a good absorption capacity and a low ammonia emission, there are few studies that supports this statement. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate wood shaving pellets, chopped straw and wood shavings on a daily base. The secondary aim was to calculate the economic factors on the different bedding materials. The study tested three bedding materials; wood shaving pellets, chopped straw and wood shavings. There were three groups of five to six horses in each group during five weeks of study. The experiment was located a stable at the Swedish National Equestrian Centre Strömsholm. The boxes were cleaned twice a day, once in the morning and once in the afternoon by the students in equine studies program. The working times of cleaning the boxes, manure discharge and adding fresh bedding materials were noted. Ammonia concentration was measured in each box at one time at the end of the study. A test was made to measure how many times each bedding material could absorb its own weight of water. The data were processed statistically and the significance level was set at p<0.05. An analysis of variance was done to find significant differences between treatments (bedding material) and where appropriate significant differences were followed with post-hoc test (Holm-Sidak). This study showed that wood shaving pellets was not profitable compared to chopped straw and wood shavings. The uppermost reason was the high purchase price, the material would be more profitable if the price was lower seeing that the material had the lowest working time, manure discharge and the lowest ammonia emission and should therefore be considered as a bedding material. Chopped straw was the bedding material that became most profitable due to the low purchase price, even though it had the highest working time and manure discharge. The studies first hypothesis “wood shaving pellets has a lower working time than wood shavings and chopped straw” was accepted. The other hypothesis “wood shavings is the most profitable bedding material” was rejected

Vem vill du att jag ska vara? En studie om konsekvenser av personlig varumärkning på en dejtingsajt

Singlar i jakt på kärlek och med tillgång till internet, är sällan obekanta med tan-ken att testa nätdejting. Det är idag en vedertagen metod att söka sin framtida partner på nätet. Tidigare forskning har visat att ett vanligt sätt att kommunicera på dejtingsajter är lika de strategier, vilka används vid personlig varumärkning. Ur intervjuer med dejtingsajtsmedlemmar, vilka har analyserats genom teorier inom varumärkesteorier, har visat på att medlemmar tenderar att marknadslik-göra sig själva genom det sätt de väljer att kommunicera sig själva och se sig som personliga varumärken. Det medför konsekvenser för individen, vilken ofta låter sitt jag påverkas och styras av varumärkets utveckling och användning. Konsekvenserna orsakar ofta en förändrad självbild, vilken påverkas av jaget som styrs av det personliga varumärkets strategier. Individens självbild påverkas därmed av samspelet och balansen i samtalet mellan jaget och varumärket.Single people in constant search for love, are rarely unfamilliar with the idea of giving online dating a chance. Today, it's a well established method in the hope of finding your future partner online. Previous research has been proved that a usual way to communicate on daitingpages are quiet similar to those of which can be compared to personal branding. According to interviews with members throughout datingpages, which has been assessed through theories within trade marketing, has been proved that members often tend to promote themselves in a way that could be compared with how they see themselves as personal trade-marks. However, this is causing concequences for the individual, which is often letting the I to be affected and controlled by the development of the brand and its usement. The consequences do often cause a altered selfimage, which has been affected by what is ruled by the strategies of our personal brands. The selfimage may result in a way to be affected by the conversation between the personal brand and the I

A Genome-Wide Association Study of Diabetic Kidney Disease in Subjects With Type 2 Diabetes

dentification of sequence variants robustly associated with predisposition to diabetic kidney disease (DKD) has the potential to provide insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms responsible. We conducted a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of DKD in type 2 diabetes (T2D) using eight complementary dichotomous and quantitative DKD phenotypes: the principal dichotomous analysis involved 5,717 T2D subjects, 3,345 with DKD. Promising association signals were evaluated in up to 26,827 subjects with T2D (12,710 with DKD). A combined T1D+T2D GWAS was performed using complementary data available for subjects with T1D, which, with replication samples, involved up to 40,340 subjects with diabetes (18,582 with DKD). Analysis of specific DKD phenotypes identified a novel signal near GABRR1 (rs9942471, P = 4.5 x 10(-8)) associated with microalbuminuria in European T2D case subjects. However, no replication of this signal was observed in Asian subjects with T2D or in the equivalent T1D analysis. There was only limited support, in this substantially enlarged analysis, for association at previously reported DKD signals, except for those at UMOD and PRKAG2, both associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate. We conclude that, despite challenges in addressing phenotypic heterogeneity, access to increased sample sizes will continue to provide more robust inference regarding risk variant discovery for DKD.Peer reviewe

Genome-wide association identifies nine common variants associated with fasting proinsulin levels and provides new insights into the pathophysiology of type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Proinsulin is a precursor of mature insulin and C-peptide. Higher circulating proinsulin levels are associated with impaired β-cell function, raised glucose levels, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes (T2D). Studies of the insulin processing pathway could provide new insights about T2D pathophysiology. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We have conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association tests of ∼2.5 million genotyped or imputed single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and fasting proinsulin levels in 10,701 nondiabetic adults of European ancestry, with follow-up of 23 loci in up to 16,378 individuals, using additive genetic models adjusted for age, sex, fasting insulin, and study-specific covariates. RESULTS: Nine SNPs at eight loci were associated with proinsulin levels (P < 5 × 10(-8)). Two loci (LARP6 and SGSM2) have not been previously related to metabolic traits, one (MADD) has been associated with fasting glucose, one (PCSK1) has been implicated in obesity, and four (TCF7L2, SLC30A8, VPS13C/C2CD4A/B, and ARAP1, formerly CENTD2) increase T2D risk. The proinsulin-raising allele of ARAP1 was associated with a lower fasting glucose (P = 1.7 × 10(-4)), improved β-cell function (P = 1.1 × 10(-5)), and lower risk of T2D (odds ratio 0.88; P = 7.8 × 10(-6)). Notably, PCSK1 encodes the protein prohormone convertase 1/3, the first enzyme in the insulin processing pathway. A genotype score composed of the nine proinsulin-raising alleles was not associated with coronary disease in two large case-control datasets. CONCLUSIONS: We have identified nine genetic variants associated with fasting proinsulin. Our findings illuminate the biology underlying glucose homeostasis and T2D development in humans and argue against a direct role of proinsulin in coronary artery disease pathogenesis

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Ten new insights in climate science 2020 – a horizon scan

Non-technical summary We summarize some of the past year's most important findings within climate change-related research. New research has improved our understanding of Earth's sensitivity to carbon dioxide, finds that permafrost thaw could release more carbon emissions than expected and that the uptake of carbon in tropical ecosystems is weakening. Adverse impacts on human society include increasing water shortages and impacts on mental health. Options for solutions emerge from rethinking economic models, rights-based litigation, strengthened governance systems and a new social contract. The disruption caused by COVID-19 could be seized as an opportunity for positive change, directing economic stimulus towards sustainable investments. Technical summary A synthesis is made of ten fields within climate science where there have been significant advances since mid-2019, through an expert elicitation process with broad disciplinary scope. Findings include: (1) a better understanding of equilibrium climate sensitivity; (2) abrupt thaw as an accelerator of carbon release from permafrost; (3) changes to global and regional land carbon sinks; (4) impacts of climate change on water crises, including equity perspectives; (5) adverse effects on mental health from climate change; (6) immediate effects on climate of the COVID-19 pandemic and requirements for recovery packages to deliver on the Paris Agreement; (7) suggested long-term changes to governance and a social contract to address climate change, learning from the current pandemic, (8) updated positive cost–benefit ratio and new perspectives on the potential for green growth in the short- and long-term perspective; (9) urban electrification as a strategy to move towards low-carbon energy systems and (10) rights-based litigation as an increasingly important method to address climate change, with recent clarifications on the legal standing and representation of future generations. Social media summary Stronger permafrost thaw, COVID-19 effects and growing mental health impacts among highlights of latest climate science

Andra Avenyn. Omskriven eller nedskriven?

Titel: Andra Avenyn – Omskrivet eller nedskrivet? Författare: Alexandra Bengtsson & Patrik Lindberg Kurs: Examensarbete i Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap vid institutionen för journalistik och masskommunikation, Göteborgs Universitet Termin: Höstterminen 2008 Handledare: Marie Grusell Sidantal: 68 sidor, inklusive bilagor Syfte: Syftet med undersökningen är att undersöka hur dagspressen har skildrat Andra Avenyn som en nöjesnyhet. Metod: En kvantitativ kartläggning och en kvalitativ textanalys Material: 12 artiklar från Aftonbladet, Göteborgs-Posten, Göteborgs Tidningen och Svenska Dagbladet Huvudresultat: Utifrån vårt resultat har vi kunnat dra slutsatser om vad som utmärker en nöjesnyhet om Andra Avenyn. Vi har sett tydliga tendenser till att den ofta berör en känd person. Vi har även sett både positiva och negativa inslag. Den har inte berört personers privatliv i den utsträckning vi förväntat oss. Personifiering och tillspetsning är två utmärkande tekniker som journalisterna har använt sig av. Tillspetsningen har skett på olika sätt men främst genom värdeladdade ord. Vi har sett en viss skillnad mellan de tidningar som har en lokal anknytning till Andra Avenyn och det som inte har det. De skillnader som funnits angående den lokala anknytningen är att det går att se närheten till serien i lokaltidningarnas artiklar. Göteborgstidningarna har publicerat djupare artiklar medan de utan lokal anknytning visat mindre intresse. Det går även att se tydligt genom mediebevakningen om artikeln publicerats i en kvällstidning eller en morgontidning. De båda tidningsgenrerna arbetar på olika sätt med olika mål vilket gör att det uppstår en viss kontrast mellan dem

”Vi får alltid den hjälp vi behöver”: en explorativ studie om undersköterskors upplevelse av att arbeta i team

Tidigare forskning visar på att organisationer blir allt plattare och att mer ansvar lämnas åt individen. Ett begrepp som växer fram är delat ledarskap vilket också har visat sig effektivisera teamarbete. Denna studien syftar till att undersöka hur teamarbete upplevs bland undersköterskor och vårdbiträden. En kvalitativ ansats har varit grunden. Sex undersköterskor/vårdbiträden samt en verksamhetschef är intervjuade. De deltagande kommer ifrån arbetsplatser där man uttalar sig om att man arbetar i team och fördelar ansvar. Slutsatsen är att de deltagande upplever det interna och externa klimatet på sin arbetsplats och inom teamet som gott, men att utvecklingen av ett genuint delat ledarskap hämmas av den hierarki som vården bygger på

Vägen till icke kriminell.– En livsstilsförändring.

What is it that drives a person with criminal behavior to change their lifestyle? What are the obstacles to a lifestyle change? These issues have been guiding us during this study. In the introduction, we describe the previous research that has been done among crime in men. The themes that will follow us through the course of the study are as follows; cause of crime, Self-efficacy, social network and lifestyle change. The aim of the study was to investigate the factors that a former prison convicted individual believes has been significant, as they break their criminal behavior associated with a lifestyle change. The study is based on a qualitative approach, where in-depth interview was done so participants had the opportunity to talk about their lifestyle changes. The results demonstrated that in order to make a lifestyle change and be able to break a delinquent behavior, it is of great importance when in social work dealing with people, build trust and build a relationship. The result also shows that the participants feel disappointed about how they have been treated and treated by the authorities. In the discussion presented it in running text with headings for each theme, where we discuss what that was like and unlike with the results and previous research. A great similarity that we discuss and that we found is that previous research and the participants mentions trust and building relationships is important. It also discusses the shortcomings, so participants do not feel they have earned the confidence of the authorities. We will also discuss about future research in which we suggest further research in what their needs are former criminals need to implement a lifestyle change