Outcomes of Primary Repair in Typhoid Perforation

Objective: To determine the outcomes of primary repair in patients with typhoid perforation.Study Design: Case series studyStudy Duration: Study was conducted for 3 year from 15th January 2014 to 15th January 2017.Methodology: 280 Patients presenting to the emergency department were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria via nonprobability consecutive sampling. Written informed consent was taken. The surgical procedure was performed by a senior surgeon having experience of more than 5 years. Postoperatively patient was followed up for ten days and final outcomes (wound infection, anastomotic leakage, wound dehiscence and intra-abdominal collection were assessed clinically and by ultrasound abdomen and was recorded on prescribed Performa. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 17Results: The age range was from 15 to 50 years (average age of 25.9 + 9.87 years). Out 280 patients, 108(38.6%) were male and 172 (61.1%) were female. Intra-abdominal collection occurred in 18(6.4%), wound dehiscence in 14(5%), wound infection in 74(26.4%) and anastomotic leakage in 12(4.3%). Conclusion: The primary repair of perforation is the treatment of choice for typhoid perforation. Early surgery and adequate resuscitation is necessary for successful management of patients with typhoid perforation

Study of PAN Fiber and Iron ore Adsorbents for Arsenic Removal

The main idea to conduct this study is the treatment of hazardous arsenite (As+3)  and arsenate (As+5)from water by two efficient adsorbetns i.e. polyacrylonitrile fiber (organic) and iron ore (inorganic). Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) fibers were chemically modified prior to loading iron using a solution of diethylenetriamine and aluminum chloride hexahydrate. The characterization of PAN fibers was performed through FTIR spectroscopy, which shows the binding of functional groups on PAN fibers surfaces. Atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) was used to analyze arsenic concentration in samples. The impact of pH, dosage, shaking (contact) time and shaking speed was studied and parameters were optimized for further study. The highest adsorption of 98% is exhibited by modified PAN fiber for As+5 while for As+3 removal is 80%. Modified PAN also showed higher adsorption capacity of 42×103μg/g for As+5 which is better than the As+3 adsorption capacity 33×103 μg/g. Overall results demonstrated that MPAN adsorbent is better than the iron ore adsorbent for the treatment of both As+3 and As+5. Comparative studies of PAN Fiber and iron ore adsorbents revealed that PAN fibers had better adsorption properties than iron ore for As+3  and As+5 in terms of percentage removal and capacity

Effects of mutual coupling on gain and beam width of a linear array of a dielectric resonator antenna for main beam scanning applications

The effects of mutual coupling on the scanning characteristics of a four-element linear rectangular dielectric resonator antenna array (RDRA) are investigated for different inter-element spacing in this work. In particular, the gain and half-power beam width (HPBW) of an RDRA are studied for various scan angles in the E- and H-plane configurations. It is shown that for both the E and H planes, mutual coupling has an adverse effect on the performance of both phased array configurations. The H-plane array, however, is more stable than the E-plane array in terms of a gain and beam width performance comparison. The HPBW increases and gain decreases more in the E plane than the H plane when the scan angle is increased

Development of MWCNTs based Composite Photocatalyst for Tetracycline Removal from Aqueous Environment

Visible-light responsive photocatalysis is recently considered one of the sustainable methods to remove tetracycline antibiotics from contaminated water. However, they are not accepted for practical applications due to certain limitations such as fast charge recombination rate and higher energy band gap. Therefore, this study successfully synthesised a novel multiwalled carbon nanotubes-based heterostructure composite photocatalysts with improved charge recombination rated and energy band gap for tetracycline antibiotic removal

Outcomes of Primary Repair in Typhoid Perforation

Objective: To determine the outcomes of primary repair in patients with typhoid perforation.Study Design: Case series studyStudy Duration: Study was conducted for 3 year from 15th January 2014 to 15th January 2017.Methodology: 280 Patients presenting to the emergency department were included according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria via nonprobability consecutive sampling. Written informed consent was taken. The surgical procedure was performed by a senior surgeon having experience of more than 5 years. Postoperatively patient was followed up for ten days and final outcomes (wound infection, anastomotic leakage, wound dehiscence and intra-abdominal collection were assessed clinically and by ultrasound abdomen and was recorded on prescribed Performa. Data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 17Results: The age range was from 15 to 50 years (average age of 25.9 + 9.87 years). Out 280 patients, 108(38.6%) were male and 172 (61.1%) were female. Intra-abdominal collection occurred in 18(6.4%), wound dehiscence in 14(5%), wound infection in 74(26.4%) and anastomotic leakage in 12(4.3%). Conclusion: The primary repair of perforation is the treatment of choice for typhoid perforation. Early surgery and adequate resuscitation is necessary for successful management of patients with typhoid perforation

Group D Salmonella Urinary Tract Infection in an Immunocompetent Male

A 62-year-old male with past medical history of benign prostatic hyperplasia presented to the emergency department with complaints of decreased urinary flow, inability to fully empty his bladder, and gross hematuria. Physical examination was unremarkable. Urinalysis revealed large amount of blood and more than 700 white blood cells suggesting a urinary tract infection. Urine culture grew group D Salmonella greater than 100,000 colony-forming units per mL. He was prescribed 6 weeks of trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and had resolution of symptoms. Retrospectively, he reported a 3-day history of watery diarrhea about a week prior to onset of urinary symptoms that was presumed to be the hematogenous source in this case. Urinary tract infection from nontyphoidal Salmonella (NTS) is rare and is usually associated with immunosuppression, chronic diseases, such as diabetes or structural abnormalities of the genitourinary tract. Genitourinary tract abnormalities previously reported in the literature that predispose to nontyphoidal Salmonella urinary tract infection include nephrolithiasis, chronic pyelonephritis, retrovesicular fistula, urethrorectal fistula, hydrocele, and post-TURP. We present an exceedingly uncommon case of 62-year-old male with group D Salmonella urinary tract infection predisposed by his history of benign prostatic hyperplasia

NOMA-based cognitive radio network with hybrid FD/HD relay in industry 5.0

The continued growth of the industrial Internet of Things (IoT) paves the way for the fifth industrial revolution (Industry 5.0), which is expected to further enhance the wireless connectivity and human machine collaboration. Nonetheless, Industry 5.0 will inevitably face the great challenges such as large scale connectivity and explosive data traffic because of the proliferation of IoT devices. To meet these challenges, we propose a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based overlay cognitive radio (OCR) network for Industry 5.0. Specifically, the hybrid full-duplex (FD)/ half-duplex (HD) mode at the secondary user (SR) is adopted and in-phase and quadrature phase imbalance (IQI) is introduced to better comply with the practical scenarios. We investigate the outage probability (OP) and ergodic sum rate (ESR) of the considered network with the Nakagami-m channels. Extensive simulation experiments are performed to verify the accuracy of the analysis. From the simulation results, we can conclude: i) Increasing the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), OP decreases but ESR increases and tends to a fixed value at high SNR regimes, indicating that the existence of IQI leads to a ceiling for the ESR; ii) The primary system has higher reliable performance at low SNR regions when SR is in FD mode, and for ergodicity, the system with FD relay is superior to HD relay; iii) The reliable performance of OMA system for primary users will be better since there is no interference at the relay

Clothing-integrated RFID-based Interface for Human-Technology Interaction

In this paper, we present a new type of passive ultra-high frequency (UHF) radio frequency identification (RFID)-based user interface for human-technology interaction. Our system is controlled with a shirtsleeve-integrated electro-textile antenna. The other part of the system consists of small identification (ID) ring antennas, each with a unique ID, embedded into our environment. Each ID ring has an RFID integrated circuit (IC) and can thus be “activated” by placing the shirtsleeve next to the specific ID ring. The shirtsleeve-integrated antenna has bands going around the wrist, thus increasing the read range even when the ring is behind the wrist. This cost-effective and maintenance-free solution can be seamlessly integrated into our everyday clothing, as well as into furniture, textiles, and items around us. The presented first prototype of this system, which can be used when sitting by a table, allows wireless controlling of technology by simple hand movements. The achieved read ranges are very promising, allowing activation of ID rings from distances of around 0.5–1 meters from a mobile RFID reader placed on a table.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

Thigh-length compression stockings and DVT after stroke

Controversy exists as to whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with invasive bladder cancer, despite randomised controlled trials of more than 3000 patients. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of such treatment on survival in patients with this disease