Neonatal intervention

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68335/2/10.1177_027112148300300105.pd

Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set

We report a measurement of the bottom-strange meson mixing phase \beta_s using the time evolution of B0_s -> J/\psi (->\mu+\mu-) \phi (-> K+ K-) decays in which the quark-flavor content of the bottom-strange meson is identified at production. This measurement uses the full data set of proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s)= 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponding to 9.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of \beta_s and the B0_s decay-width difference \Delta\Gamma_s, and measure \beta_s in [-\pi/2, -1.51] U [-0.06, 0.30] U [1.26, \pi/2] at the 68% confidence level, in agreement with the standard model expectation. Assuming the standard model value of \beta_s, we also determine \Delta\Gamma_s = 0.068 +- 0.026 (stat) +- 0.009 (syst) ps-1 and the mean B0_s lifetime, \tau_s = 1.528 +- 0.019 (stat) +- 0.009 (syst) ps, which are consistent and competitive with determinations by other experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 171802 (2012

Targeted retroviral gene transfer into the rat biliary tract

The ability to induce proliferation by temporary duct ligation suggested an hypothesis that retrovirus-mediated gene transfer into cells of the biliary tract could be accomplished. The time course of histologic changes, incorporation of 3 H-thymidine and immunofluorescent staining with a monoclonal antibody to cytokeratin-19 (a marker for differentiated bile ducts) was studied in male Fischer F344 rats. A recombinant Gibbon ape leukemia virus (GALV), containing a gene encoding Escherichia coli β-galactosidase was next introduced into 24 hr obstructed bile ducts. Gene transfer was maximal when virus was exposed to the obstructed duct for 12 hr (∼0.1%). The majority of X-gal positive cells were in cytokeratin-19 negative peribiliary tissues, which had the appearance of newly forming bile ducts. The data suggest that cells targeted by retroviral infection of the obstructed rat bile duct may be a precursor of mature, fully differentiated biliary epithelium.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/45547/1/11188_2006_Article_BF02374373.pd

Alfa-amilase em frangos de corte: efeitos do balanço eletrolítico e do nível protéico da dieta Alpha-amylase in broiler chickens: effects of electrolytic balance and dietary protein level

Um experimento foi conduzido com pintos de corte macho para o estudo dos efeitos dos níveis de 20 e 23% de PB combinados com 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mEq/kg de balanço dietético eletrolítico (BDE) sobre a atividade da alfa-amilase pancreática de frangos de corte de 1 a 21 dias de idade. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado. Dietas e água foram fornecidas ad libitum. Aos 1, 7, 14 e 21 dias, três aves de cada tratamento foram sacrificadas por deslocamento cervical para remoção do pâncreas, o qual foi removido, homogeneizado, congelado em nitrogênio líquido e liofilizado. Uma alíquota de cada amostra foi solubilizada em água deionizada e centrifugada a 7500 x g por 3 minutos a 4ºC, para determinação da atividade da alfa-amilase no sobrenadante. Aves alimentadas com 20% de PB apresentaram atividades específicas (U/mg de proteína) superiores à daquelas que receberam 23%, exceto para os níveis de BDE de 100 a 200 mEq/kg, aos 14 dias. Observou-se tendência de aumento da atividade específica dos 7 aos 14 dias e redução dos 14 aos 21 dias. Para maior atividade específica de alfa-amilase, recomendam-se dietas com 20% de PB e 200 mEq/kg de BDE na fase pré-inicial e dietas com 20% de PB e 135 a 250 mEq/kg de BDE para frangos de corte dos 8 aos 21 dias de idade.<br>An experiment was conducted with male broiler chicks to study the effects of 20 and 23% of crude protein (CP) combined with 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250 mEq/kg of dietary electrolytic balance (DEB) on the pancreatic alpha-amylase activity from 1 to 21 days. A completely randomized factorial design was used. Feed and water were supplied ad libitum. At days 1, 7, 14 and 21, three birds from each treatment were sacrificed by cervical dislocation, pancreas were removed, homogeneized and frozen in liquid nitrogen which were then freeze-dried. An aliquot of each sample was solubilized with deionized water and centrifuged at 7500 x g for three minutes at 4ºC. Activities of the pancreatic alpha-amylase in the supernatants were determined. Chicks fed 20% of CP showed specific activities (U/mg protein) higher than those fed 23%, except for DEB levels from 100 to 200 mEq/kg at 14 days. A tendency to increase specific activity was observed from 7 to 14 days and to reduce from 14 to 21 days. The highest specific activity of pancreatic alpha-amylase was observed in diets with 20% CP and 200 mEq/kg of DEB from 1 to 7 days, diets with 20% of CP and 135 to 250 mEq/kg of DEB from 8 to 21 days of age

Perfil enzimático de &#945;-amilase, lipase e tripsina do pâncreas e crescimento do fígado, intestino e pâncreas de frangos de corte na fase de 1 a 21 dias de idade Enzymatic profile of &#945;-amylase, lipase and trypsin in the pancreas and the growth of the liver, intestine and pancreas in broiler chicks from one to 21 days of age

Com o objetivo de avaliar o desenvolvimento de órgãos do aparelho digestório e o perfil enzimático de &#945;-amilase, lipase e tripsina, realizou-se um experimento com duração de 21 dias utilizando-se pintos de 1 dia, machos, Avian Farm, criados em baterias aquecidas e alimentados à vontade com água e dieta purificada contendo os L-aminoácidos essenciais, ácido L-glutâmico (fonte de nitrogênio não-específico), minerais e vitaminas. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado com quatro repetições de dez aves. No primeiro dia de vida e aos 7, 14 e 21 dias de idade, quatro animais foram sacrificados por deslocamento cervical e o fígado, pâncreas e intestino delgado foram removidos e pesados para determinação das atividades de &#945;-amilase, lipase e tripsina. Os pesos absolutos aumentaram com a idade. O peso relativo do pâncreas e dos intestinos reduziu aos 21 dias. As atividades específicas (UI/mg de proteína) das enzimas &#945;-amilase e lipase foram maiores no 1º dia, diminuíram no 7º dia, alcançando pico máximo no 14º dia e tornando a reduzir no 21º dia de idade. A atividade específica (UI/mg de proteína) de tripsina não se alterou com a idade. As atividades relativas da a-amilase, lipase e tripsina (UI/100 g de peso corporal) aumentaram do 1º ao 14º dia de idade e reduziram no 21º de idade. As atividades máximas das enzimas digestivas &#945;-amilase e lipase ocorrem no 14º dia de idade. O perfil enzimático da tripsina, de modo geral, não se altera com a idade, o que pode ser explicado pelo fato de os animais serem criados com dietas purificadas, que não estimulam a produção de enzimas proteolíticas.<br>With the objective of assessing the development of organs of the digestive tract and the enzymatic profile &#945;-amylase, lipase and trypsin, an experiment lasting 21 days was carried out using one-day-old male Avian Farm broiler chicks, reared in heated batteries and fed ad libitum with water and purified diets containing all L-essential amino acids, glutamic acid (nonspecific nitrogen source), minerals and vitamins. A randomized complete design was used with four replications of ten birds. At one, seven, 14 e 21 days of age, four chicks were sacrificed and the liver, pancreas and intestine were removed and weighed to determine the pancreas a-amylase, lipase e trypsin activities. The absolute weights increased with age. The pancreas and intestine relative weight reduced at 21 days of age. Specific activities (UI/mg protein) of &#945;-amylase and lipase were higher on the 1st day, decreased on the 7th day, reaching the maximum peak on the 14th day decreasing again on the 21st day. Trypsin specific activity (UI/mg protein) did not vary with age. The activities per 100 g of body weight of &#945;-amylase, lipase and trypsin (UI/100g body weight) increased from the first to the 14th day of age and showed a reduction on the 21st day. The maximum activities of the digestive enzymes &#945;-amylase and lipase occurred on the 14th day of age. The enzymatic profile of trypsin in general did not alter with age, that can be explained by the fact that the animals were raised on purified diets, that did not stimulate proteolytic enzymes