Corresponsabilidad y fortalecimiento de vínculos afectivos en las familias de madres adolescentes de los barrios Campo Madrid de Bucaramanga y Remolino de la Plata Huila

El presente estudio tiene como objetivo lograr la socialización de la importancia de la corresponsabilidad y fortalecimiento de vínculos afectivos en los barrios Campo Madrid, de Bucaramanga-Santander y Remolino, de La Plata Huila, con el propósito de contribuir a disminuir las causas y consecuencias de los altos índices de embarazos en adolescentes, mediante un proyecto de intervención dinámico, aplicando la investigación de tipo deductivo con enfoque cualitativo. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las principales causas del elevado número de embarazos adolescentes a nivel regional, nacional y en las comunidades objeto de estudio son falencias en la corresponsabilidad social y debilidades en los vínculos afectivos de las familias, causa común de otras problemáticas como drogadicción, deserción escolar, delincuencia y aumento de la pobreza en general constituyéndose en un cirulo vicioso. En este escenario, desde el enfoque de la psicología comunitaria el fortalecimiento de la corresponsabilidad y los vínculos afectivos deben ser tratados desde la familia, con la familia y para la familia para potencializar la capacidad de autogestión de la comunidad en la resolución de sus problemáticas socioeconómicas y culturales, solo de esta forma es posible construir el cambio eficaz y permanente. Por tanto, se recomienda realizar investigaciones relacionadas con el tema, que creen nuevas estrategias para lograr la apropiación de la comunidad de la solución de sus necesidades y el diseño del proyecto de vida de sus hijos en equidad, solidaridad, responsabilidad y amor, a través de la educación en valores impartida por los padres y tutores.The objective of this study is to achieve the socialization of the importance of co- responsibility and strengthening of affective bonds in the neighborhoods of Campo Madrid, Bucaramanga-Santander and Remolino, La Plata Huila, with the purpose of contributing to reduce the causes and consequences of the high rates of teenage pregnancies, through a dynamic intervention project, applying deductive research with a qualitative approach. The results obtained indicate that the main causes of the high number of adolescent pregnancies at the regional and national levels and in the communities under study are shortcomings in social co-responsibility and weaknesses in the affective ties of families, a common cause of other problems such as drug addiction, school desertion, delinquency and increase in poverty in general, constituting a vicious circle. In this scenario, from the community psychology approach, the strengthening of co- responsibility and affective bonds must be treated from the family, with the family and for the family to potentiate the self-management capacity of the community in solving its socioeconomic problems. and cultural, only in this way is it possible to build effective and permanent change. Therefore, it is recommended to carry out research related to the subject, which creates new strategies to achieve the appropriation of the community of the solution of their needs and the design of the life project of their children in equity, solidarity, responsibility and love, through of education in values taught by parents and guardians

Multi-messenger observations of a binary neutron star merger

On 2017 August 17 a binary neutron star coalescence candidate (later designated GW170817) with merger time 12:41:04 UTC was observed through gravitational waves by the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo detectors. The Fermi Gamma-ray Burst Monitor independently detected a gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) with a time delay of ~1.7 s with respect to the merger time. From the gravitational-wave signal, the source was initially localized to a sky region of 31 deg2 at a luminosity distance of 40+8-8 Mpc and with component masses consistent with neutron stars. The component masses were later measured to be in the range 0.86 to 2.26 Mo. An extensive observing campaign was launched across the electromagnetic spectrum leading to the discovery of a bright optical transient (SSS17a, now with the IAU identification of AT 2017gfo) in NGC 4993 (at ~40 Mpc) less than 11 hours after the merger by the One- Meter, Two Hemisphere (1M2H) team using the 1 m Swope Telescope. The optical transient was independently detected by multiple teams within an hour. Subsequent observations targeted the object and its environment. Early ultraviolet observations revealed a blue transient that faded within 48 hours. Optical and infrared observations showed a redward evolution over ~10 days. Following early non-detections, X-ray and radio emission were discovered at the transient’s position ~9 and ~16 days, respectively, after the merger. Both the X-ray and radio emission likely arise from a physical process that is distinct from the one that generates the UV/optical/near-infrared emission. No ultra-high-energy gamma-rays and no neutrino candidates consistent with the source were found in follow-up searches. These observations support the hypothesis that GW170817 was produced by the merger of two neutron stars in NGC4993 followed by a short gamma-ray burst (GRB 170817A) and a kilonova/macronova powered by the radioactive decay of r-process nuclei synthesized in the ejecta

Pooled analysis of WHO Surgical Safety Checklist use and mortality after emergency laparotomy

Background The World Health Organization (WHO) Surgical Safety Checklist has fostered safe practice for 10 years, yet its place in emergency surgery has not been assessed on a global scale. The aim of this study was to evaluate reported checklist use in emergency settings and examine the relationship with perioperative mortality in patients who had emergency laparotomy. Methods In two multinational cohort studies, adults undergoing emergency laparotomy were compared with those having elective gastrointestinal surgery. Relationships between reported checklist use and mortality were determined using multivariable logistic regression and bootstrapped simulation. Results Of 12 296 patients included from 76 countries, 4843 underwent emergency laparotomy. After adjusting for patient and disease factors, checklist use before emergency laparotomy was more common in countries with a high Human Development Index (HDI) (2455 of 2741, 89.6 per cent) compared with that in countries with a middle (753 of 1242, 60.6 per cent; odds ratio (OR) 0.17, 95 per cent c.i. 0.14 to 0.21, P <0001) or low (363 of 860, 422 per cent; OR 008, 007 to 010, P <0.001) HDI. Checklist use was less common in elective surgery than for emergency laparotomy in high-HDI countries (risk difference -94 (95 per cent c.i. -11.9 to -6.9) per cent; P <0001), but the relationship was reversed in low-HDI countries (+121 (+7.0 to +173) per cent; P <0001). In multivariable models, checklist use was associated with a lower 30-day perioperative mortality (OR 0.60, 0.50 to 073; P <0.001). The greatest absolute benefit was seen for emergency surgery in low- and middle-HDI countries. Conclusion Checklist use in emergency laparotomy was associated with a significantly lower perioperative mortality rate. Checklist use in low-HDI countries was half that in high-HDI countries.Peer reviewe