87 research outputs found
Targeting urine output and 30-day mortality in goal-directed therapy: a systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regression
- Author
- A Donati
- A Rhodes
- A. B. Johan Groeneveld
- AJ Senagore
- C Challand
- C Correa-Gallego
- C Teixeira
- CA Naughton
- CW Lai
- D Burton
- DI McIsaac
- Diederik Gommers
- E Bartha
- E Macedo
- E Rivers
- EA Osawa
- Esther N. van der Zee
- G Guyatt
- G Knapp
- GE Morgan
- H Wakeling
- H Zheng
- HC Houwelingen van
- I Chytra
- I Jammer
- I Matot
- J Benes
- J Bisgaard
- J Bisgaard
- J Mayer
- J Zakhaleva
- K Peng
- K Rydenfelt
- K Sidik
- KC See
- L Gattinoni
- L Reydellet
- L Zhang
- M Bishop
- M Cannesson
- M Cecconi
- M Egal
- M Egal
- M Hubner
- M Hussien
- M McKendry
- M McKenny
- Mohamud Egal
- N Brienza
- N Sivayoham
- O Boyd
- O Goren
- P Aylin
- P Forget
- P Kapoor
- P Polonen
- PL Marino
- PR Mouncey
- ProCESS Investigators
- R Gupta
- R Pearse
- R Thomson
- RP Dellinger
- S Jhanji
- S Kheterpal
- S Sinclair
- SG Thompson
- SL Peake
- SM Lobo
- T Corcoran
- T Mizota
- T Szakmany
- TC Jansen
- TE Miller
- W Viechtbauer
- WC Shoemaker
- Y WenKui
- Z Zhang
- Publication venue
- 'Springer Science and Business Media LLC'
- Publication date
- Field of study
Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)
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- A. -G. Wu
- A. C. Ma
- A. K. Au
- Abdel-Aziz A. K.
- Abdelfatah S.
- Abdellatif M.
- Abdoli A.
- Abel S.
- Abeliovich H.
- Abildgaard M. H.
- Abudu Y. P.
- Acevedo-Arozena A.
- Adamopoulos I. E.
- Adeli K.
- Adolph T. E.
- Adornetto A.
- Aflaki E.
- Agam G.
- Agarwal A.
- Aggarwal B. B.
- Agnello M.
- Agostinis P.
- Agrewala J. N.
- Agrotis A.
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- Ahmad S. T.
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- Aits S.
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- Akkoc Y.
- Akoumianaki T.
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- Al-Abd A. M.
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- Al-Gharaibeh A.
- Alaoui-Jamali M. A.
- Alberti S.
- Alcocer-Gomez E.
- Alessandri C.
- Ali M.
- Alim Al-Bari M. A.
- Aliwaini S.
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- Zhou H.
- Zhou H.
- Zhou H.
- Zhou J.
- Zhou J.
- Zhou J.
- Zhou J.
- Zhou K.
- Zhou R.
- Zhou X. -J.
- Zhou Y.
- Zhou Y.
- Zhou Y.
- Zhou Z.
- Zhou Z. -Y.
- Zhu B.
- Zhu C.
- Zhu G. -Q.
- Zhu H.
- Zhu H.
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- Zhuang H.
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- Zientara-Rytter K.
- Zimmermann C. M.
- Ziviani E.
- Zoladek T.
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- Zorzano A.
- Zou W.
- Zou Z.
- Zou Z.
- Zuryn S.
- Zwerschke W.
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol
- Author
- Aadahl M.
- Aadahl M.
- Abarca-Gómez L.
- Abarca-Gómez L.
- Abu-Rmeileh N.
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- Acosta-Cazares B.
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- Aekplakorn W.
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- Aguilar-Salinas C.
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- AlBuhairan F.
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- Ansari-Moghaddam A.
- Aounallah-Skhiri H.
- Aounallah-Skhiri H.
- Araújo J.
- Araújo J.
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- Ariansen I.
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- Aris T.
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- Publication venue
- Nature Publishing Group
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries1,2. However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world3 and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health4,5. However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol—which is a marker of cardiovascular risk—changed from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million–4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world
Diminishing benefits of urban living for children and adolescents’ growth and development
- Author
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2023
- Field of study
Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being1–6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5–19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 countries and territories from 1990 to 2020. In 1990, children and adolescents residing in cities were taller than their rural counterparts in all but a few high-income countries. By 2020, the urban height advantage became smaller in most countries, and in many high-income western countries it reversed into a small urban-based disadvantage. The exception was for boys in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and in some countries in Oceania, south Asia and the region of central Asia, Middle East and north Africa. In these countries, successive cohorts of boys from rural places either did not gain height or possibly became shorter, and hence fell further behind their urban peers. The difference between the age-standardized mean BMI of children in urban and rural areas was <1.1 kg m–2 in the vast majority of countries. Within this small range, BMI increased slightly more in cities than in rural areas, except in south Asia, sub-Saharan Africa and some countries in central and eastern Europe. Our results show that in much of the world, the growth and developmental advantages of living in cities have diminished in the twenty-first century, whereas in much of sub-Saharan Africa they have amplified
Worldwide trends in diabetes since 1980: a pooled analysis of 751 population-based studies with 4.4 million participants
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- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 09/04/2016
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: One of the global targets for non-communicable diseases is to halt, by 2025, the rise in the age-standardised adult prevalence of diabetes at its 2010 levels. We aimed to estimate worldwide trends in diabetes, how likely it is for countries to achieve the global target, and how changes in prevalence, together with population growth and ageing, are affecting the number of adults with diabetes. METHODS: We pooled data from population-based studies that had collected data on diabetes through measurement of its biomarkers. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in diabetes prevalence—defined as fasting plasma glucose of 7·0 mmol/L or higher, or history of diagnosis with diabetes, or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic drugs—in 200 countries and territories in 21 regions, by sex and from 1980 to 2014. We also calculated the posterior probability of meeting the global diabetes target if post-2000 trends continue. FINDINGS: We used data from 751 studies including 4 372 000 adults from 146 of the 200 countries we make estimates for. Global age-standardised diabetes prevalence increased from 4·3% (95% credible interval 2·4–7·0) in 1980 to 9·0% (7·2–11·1) in 2014 in men, and from 5·0% (2·9–7·9) to 7·9% (6·4–9·7) in women. The number of adults with diabetes in the world increased from 108 million in 1980 to 422 million in 2014 (28·5% due to the rise in prevalence, 39·7% due to population growth and ageing, and 31·8% due to interaction of these two factors). Age-standardised adult diabetes prevalence in 2014 was lowest in northwestern Europe, and highest in Polynesia and Micronesia, at nearly 25%, followed by Melanesia and the Middle East and north Africa. Between 1980 and 2014 there was little change in age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adult women in continental western Europe, although crude prevalence rose because of ageing of the population. By contrast, age-standardised adult prevalence rose by 15 percentage points in men and women in Polynesia and Micronesia. In 2014, American Samoa had the highest national prevalence of diabetes (>30% in both sexes), with age-standardised adult prevalence also higher than 25% in some other islands in Polynesia and Micronesia. If post-2000 trends continue, the probability of meeting the global target of halting the rise in the prevalence of diabetes by 2025 at the 2010 level worldwide is lower than 1% for men and is 1% for women. Only nine countries for men and 29 countries for women, mostly in western Europe, have a 50% or higher probability of meeting the global target. INTERPRETATION: Since 1980, age-standardised diabetes prevalence in adults has increased, or at best remained unchanged, in every country. Together with population growth and ageing, this rise has led to a near quadrupling of the number of adults with diabetes worldwide. The burden of diabetes, both in terms of prevalence and number of adults affected, has increased faster in low-income and middle-income countries than in high-income countries. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust
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- Zorzano A
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- Zwerschke W
- Álvarez ÉMC
- Ávalos Y
- Önal G
- Üstün S
- Čolić M
- Đokić J
- Žerovnik E
- Publication venue
- 'Informa UK Limited'
- Publication date
- 01/01/2021
- Field of study
In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field
Worldwide trends in body-mass index, underweight, overweight, and obesity from 1975 to 2016: a pooled analysis of 2416 population-based measurement studies in 128·9 million children, adolescents, and adults.
- Author
- Abarca-Gomez L
- Abdeen ZA
- Abu-Rmeileh NM
- Acosta-Cazares B
- Acuin C
- Adams RJ
- Aekplakorn W
- Afsana K
- Aguilar-Salinas CA
- Agyemng C
- Ahmadvand A
- Ahrens W
- Ajlouni K
- Akhtaeva N
- Al Nsour M
- Al-Hazzaa HM
- Al-Othman AR
- Al-Raddadi R
- AlBuhairan F
- AlDhukai S
- Ali MM
- Ali O
- Alkerwi A
- Alvarez-Pedrerol M
- Aly E
- Amarapurkar DN
- Amouyel P
- Amuzu A
- Andersen LB
- Anderssen SA
- Andrade DS
- Angquist LH
- Anjana RM
- Anselmo Olinto MT
- Aounallah-Skhiri H
- Araujo J
- Arianse I
- Aris T
- Arlappa N
- Arveiler D
- Aryal KK
- Aspelund T
- Assah FK
- Assuncao MCF
- Aung MS
- Avdicova M
- Azevedo A
- Azizi F
- Babu BV
- Bahijri S
- Baker JL
- Balakrishna N
- Bamoshmoosh M
- Banach M
- Bandosz P
- Banegas JR
- Bao KLN
- Bao TQ
- Barbagallo CM
- Barcelo A
- Barkat A
- Barros AJD
- Barros MVG
- Bata I
- Batieha AM
- Batista RL
- Batyrbek A
- Baur LA
- Beaglehole R
- Bebakar WMW
- Ben Romdhane H
- Benedics J
- Benet M
- Bennet JE
- Bennet JE
- Bentham J
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- Bernotiene G
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- Bharadwaj S
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- Bhutta ZA
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- Ibrahim MM
- Ikeda N
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- Irazola VE
- Islam M
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- Xu H
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- Yamborisut U
- Yan W
- Yang X
- Yardim N
- Ye X
- Yiallouros PK
- Yngve A
- Yoshihara A
- You QS
- Younger-Coleman NO
- Yusof SM
- Yusoff F
- Yusoff MFM
- Yusoff MFM
- Zaccagni L
- Zafiropulos V
- Zainuddin AA
- Zambon S
- Zampelas A
- Zamrazilova H
- Zdrojewski T
- Zeng Y
- Zhao D
- Zhao W
- Zheng W
- Zheng Y
- Zholdin B
- Zhou B
- Zhou M
- Zhu A
- Zhu D
- Zhussupov B
- Zimmermann E
- Publication venue
- Lancet
- Publication date
- 01/01/2017
- Field of study
BACKGROUND: Underweight, overweight, and obesity in childhood and adolescence are associated with adverse health consequences throughout the life-course. Our aim was to estimate worldwide trends in mean body-mass index (BMI) and a comprehensive set of BMI categories that cover underweight to obesity in children and adolescents, and to compare trends with those of adults. METHODS: We pooled 2416 population-based studies with measurements of height and weight on 128·9 million participants aged 5 years and older, including 31·5 million aged 5-19 years. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1975 to 2016 in 200 countries for mean BMI and for prevalence of BMI in the following categories for children and adolescents aged 5-19 years: more than 2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference for children and adolescents (referred to as moderate and severe underweight hereafter), 2 SD to more than 1 SD below the median (mild underweight), 1 SD below the median to 1 SD above the median (healthy weight), more than 1 SD to 2 SD above the median (overweight but not obese), and more than 2 SD above the median (obesity). FINDINGS: Regional change in age-standardised mean BMI in girls from 1975 to 2016 ranged from virtually no change (-0·01 kg/m2 per decade; 95% credible interval -0·42 to 0·39, posterior probability [PP] of the observed decrease being a true decrease=0·5098) in eastern Europe to an increase of 1·00 kg/m2 per decade (0·69-1·35, PP>0·9999) in central Latin America and an increase of 0·95 kg/m2 per decade (0·64-1·25, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. The range for boys was from a non-significant increase of 0·09 kg/m2 per decade (-0·33 to 0·49, PP=0·6926) in eastern Europe to an increase of 0·77 kg/m2 per decade (0·50-1·06, PP>0·9999) in Polynesia and Micronesia. Trends in mean BMI have recently flattened in northwestern Europe and the high-income English-speaking and Asia-Pacific regions for both sexes, southwestern Europe for boys, and central and Andean Latin America for girls. By contrast, the rise in BMI has accelerated in east and south Asia for both sexes, and southeast Asia for boys. Global age-standardised prevalence of obesity increased from 0·7% (0·4-1·2) in 1975 to 5·6% (4·8-6·5) in 2016 in girls, and from 0·9% (0·5-1·3) in 1975 to 7·8% (6·7-9·1) in 2016 in boys; the prevalence of moderate and severe underweight decreased from 9·2% (6·0-12·9) in 1975 to 8·4% (6·8-10·1) in 2016 in girls and from 14·8% (10·4-19·5) in 1975 to 12·4% (10·3-14·5) in 2016 in boys. Prevalence of moderate and severe underweight was highest in India, at 22·7% (16·7-29·6) among girls and 30·7% (23·5-38·0) among boys. Prevalence of obesity was more than 30% in girls in Nauru, the Cook Islands, and Palau; and boys in the Cook Islands, Nauru, Palau, Niue, and American Samoa in 2016. Prevalence of obesity was about 20% or more in several countries in Polynesia and Micronesia, the Middle East and north Africa, the Caribbean, and the USA. In 2016, 75 (44-117) million girls and 117 (70-178) million boys worldwide were moderately or severely underweight. In the same year, 50 (24-89) million girls and 74 (39-125) million boys worldwide were obese. INTERPRETATION: The rising trends in children's and adolescents' BMI have plateaued in many high-income countries, albeit at high levels, but have accelerated in parts of Asia, with trends no longer correlated with those of adults. FUNDING: Wellcome Trust, AstraZeneca Young Health Programme
Global variation in diabetes diagnosis and prevalence based on fasting glucose and hemoglobin A1c
- Author
- Abbas Rezaianzadeh
- Abdonas Tamosiunas
- Abdul Basit
- Abdullah Alkandari
- Abdullatif Husseini
- Adolfo Rubinstein
- Afshin Ostovar
- Agustinus Soemantri
- Ahmad A Zainuddin
- Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff
- Ahmed A Madar
- Aida Pilav
- Aïcha Soumaré
- Akaninyene Otu
- Akihiro Yoshihara
- Akram Pourshams
- Alain Morejon
- Albertino Damasceno
- Alberto Barceló
- Aleksander Giwercman
- Aleksandra Gomula
- Aleksandra Piwonska
- Alessandro Gialluisi
- Alexandre C Pereira
- Alfonso Sousa-Poza
- Ali Ahmadi
- Ali Akbar Shayesteh
- Ali Esmaeili
- Ali Ghanbari
- Ali Reza Safarpour
- Alibek Mereke
- Alice Bonilla-Vargas
- Aline P Batista
- Alireza Ansari-Moghaddam
- Alireza Khosravi
- Alireza Moslem
- Alireza Sadjadi
- Alisha N Wade
- Almaz Sharman
- Altan Onat
- Amalia De Curtis
- Amanda G Thrift
- Amaneh Shayanrad
- Ambady Ramachandran
- Amir Houshang Mehrparvar
- Amirabbas Momenan
- Ana B Crujeiras
- Ana Jelaković
- Ana Maria B Menezes
- Ana Paula C Cândido
- Anar Dushpanova
- Anders Grøntved
- Andre P Kengne
- Andrea Gazzinelli
- Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Andrea Y Rodríguez
- Andreia N Pizarro
- Andrew Kingston
- Andrew Wong
- Andrzej Więcek
- Angel R Gonzalez
- Anil Poudyal
- Anjani Kumar Jha
- Anna Bugge
- Anna G Iannone
- Annamari Lundqvist
- Anne Taylor
- Anneke Blokstra
- Annika Rosengren
- Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso
- Anthony Kafatos
- Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- Antonio Cabrera de León
- Antonis Zampelas
- Antonisamy Belavendra
- Anu Mishra
- Anup Ghimire
- Anwar M Batieha
- Archie W Rayner
- Areti Triantafyllou
- Ari Voutilainen
- Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Arsalan Khaledifar
- Aryeh D Stein
- Asher Fawwad
- Augustin F Beybey
- Augustine N Odili
- Aung Soe Htet
- Avula Laxmaiah
- Axel C Carlsson
- Aya Mostafa
- Aye Aye Sein
- Azaliia M Tuliakova
- Azim Nejatizadeh
- Badreya Al-Lahou
- Bagher Larijani
- Bahareh Kheiri
- Bahman Cheraghian
- Bakary Jallow
- Balkish M Naidu
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Beatriz D Schaan
- Behrooz Hamzeh
- Bekbolat Zholdin
- Ben Schöttker
- Benoit Salanave
- Bernard Maire
- Bernardo L Horta
- Bert-Jan van den Born
- Bharathi Viswanathan
- Bihungum Bista
- Bill Stavreski
- Bin Zhou
- Bogdan Wojtyniak
- Bojan Jelaković
- Calvin Ke
- Carl Lachat
- Carlo Maria Barbagallo
- Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani
- Caroline H Fall
- Carsten O Schmidt
- Catherine Kyobutungi
- Catterina Ferreccio
- Cecilia Björkelund
- Cézane P Reuter
- Charles Agyemang
- Charles K Mondo
- Charlotte B Ottendahl
- Charmaine A Duante
- Chiara Donfrancesco
- Chinwuba Ijoma
- Chongjian Wang
- Chris Cowell
- Chris J Paciorek
- Christa Scheidt-Nave
- Christin Heidemann
- Christina Howitt
- Christophe Tzourio
- Chung T Nguyen
- Cihangir Erem
- Claudia Hormiga
- Cláudia S Minderico
- Clicerio González-Villalpando
- Clive Osmond
- Cyrus Cooper
- Daan Kromhout
- Dalia Luksiene
- Damian K Francis
- Daniel A Rangel Reina
- Daniel Fernández-Bergés
- Daniel Lemogoum
- David A Gonzalez-Chica
- David Flood
- David Goltzman
- Davide Noto
- Davood Khalili
- Deena Al Asfoor
- Deepak N Amarapurkar
- Demetre Labadarios
- Denise Eldemire-Shearer
- Dénes Molnár
- Diana A Santos
- Diane T Meto
- Dianna J Magliano
- Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Diego Vanuzzo
- Dirk Vanderschueren
- Dolores S Andrade
- Dominique Hange
- Dušan Grafnetter
- Duygu Islek
- Dwi Hapsari Tjandrarini
- Ebrahim Eftekhar
- Ebrahim Ghaderi
- Edith J M Feskens
- Eduardo Capuano
- Edward F Fottrell
- Edward Janus
- Edward W Gregg
- Eero O Kajantie
- Elaine Dennison
- Eldridge Ferrer
- Eleonora d'Orsi
- Elisabeth M van Zutphen
- Elisabetta L Romeo
- Ellina M Iakupova
- Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Ellisiv B Mathiesen
- Elnaz Faramarzi
- Elysée Claude Bika Lele
- Elzbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk
- Eman Aly
- Emanuel Zitt
- Emily B Wong
- Emmanuel Cohen
- Emmanuella Magriplis
- Enguerran Macia
- Enzo Manzato
- Erfan Ghasemi
- Eric Monterrubio-Flores
- Erik J Timmermans
- Eruke E Egbagbe
- Espen Bjertness
- Esther Lopez-Garcia
- Eugène Sobngwi
- Eunice Ugel
- Evangelia Tzala
- Fabián Méndez
- Fadi J Charchar
- Fadia AlBuhairan
- Farahnaz Joukar
- Farbod Alinezhad
- Farhad Moradpour
- Farhad Pourfarzi
- Farhad Zamani
- Fariborz Mansour-Ghanaei
- Farid Najafi
- Farshad Farzadfar
- Fatemeh Malekzadeh
- Felipe F Casanueva
- Felipe V Cureau
- Felix K Assah
- Fereidoun Azizi
- Fernando Rigo
- Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Flavio Nervi
- Flora A M Ukoli
- Flora Bacopoulou
- Francesco Gianfagna
- Francesco Panza
- Francisco J Felix-Redondo
- François F Kaze
- Frank Buntinx
- Frank Claessens
- Freda Pitakaka
- Frederic Gottrand
- Frederick C Wu
- G K Mini
- Gabriel M Leung
- Gabriele Nagel
- Garry Jennings
- Garry R Brian
- Georg Lappas
- George L L Machado-Coelho
- Giovanni de Gaetano
- Giuseppina Imperatore
- Gladys E Maestre
- Glen Gironella
- Godsent C Isiguzo
- Gonzalo Valdivia
- Goodarz Danaei
- Gowri Mahasampath
- Graziella D'Arrigo
- Grazyna Jasienska
- Gretchen A Stevens
- Guanghui Dong
- Guillermo Frontera
- Gul Ergor
- Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
- Günay Can
- Gyulli M Kazakbaeva
- Habiba Ben Romdhane
- Haiquan Xu
- Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri
- Halima Al-Hinai
- Hamid Hakimi
- Hamideh Sabbaghi
- Hana Shimizu-Furusawa
- Hanan F Abdul Rahim
- Hanna K Tolonen
- Hanno Ulmer
- Hannu M T Uusitalo
- Hans Concin
- Haroldo S Ferreira
- Harshpal S Sachdev
- Hashem Y Jaddou
- Heba M Fouad
- Hedley K Quintana
- Heidi Klakk
- Helen Gonçalves
- Heloísa Bettiol
- Herman Borghs
- Hermann Brenner
- Hiep Hoang Phan
- Hoang Van Minh
- Holger Theobald
- Hossein Poustchi
- Hsien-Ho Lin
- Huashuai Chen
- Husam F Alomirah
- Hyeon Chang Kim
- Hynek Pikhart
- Ian R Hambleton
- Ildar Fakhradiyev
- Ilona Nenko
- Ilpo Tapani Huhtaniemi
- Imelda A Agdeppa
- Imperia Brajkovich
- Indah S Widyahening
- Indrapal I Meshram
- Inge Huybrechts
- Iraj Mohebbi
- Iraj Nabipour
- Irene G M van Valkengoed
- Irfan Nuhoğlu
- Ivan Pećin
- J Jaime Miranda
- Jaakko Mursu
- Jacek Jóźwiak
- Jacqueline Ramke
- Jakub Stokwiszewski
- Jalila El Ati
- James E Bennett
- Jan A Staessen
- Jana Klanova
- Jana Námešná
- Jane D P Renner
- Janne S Tolstrup
- Jardena J Puder
- Jari J Jokelainen
- Javad Aghazadeh-Attari
- Javad Harooni
- Jawad A Al-Lawati
- Jean Claude N Mbanya
- Jean Dallongeville
- Jelena Kos
- Jeremy M Jacobs
- Jerzy Chudek
- Jesus D Melgarejo
- Jesus Vioque
- Jie Hao
- Joany Mariño
- João M Pedro
- Jochanan Stessman
- Johan G Eriksson
- Johan Sundström
- Johan Van der Heyden
- Johann Willeit
- Johanna A Otero
- John Tuitele
- Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer
- Jonathan E Shaw
- Jorge Motta
- Jose G Boggia
- Jose Sánchez-Abanto
- Josep Redon
- José Eugenio Lozano
- José María Huerta
- José R Banegas
- Josipa Josipović
- Jost B Jonas
- Jostein Steene-Johannessen
- Jouko L Saramies
- Juan Francisco Miquel
- Juan J Cruz
- Juan P González-Rivas
- Judith Simons
- Juha Auvinen
- Jukka T Salonen
- Julie Taylor
- Julio Zuñiga Cisneros
- Jun Hata
- Jussi Kauhanen
- Jürgen König
- Jyrki K Virtanen
- K M Venkat Narayan
- K R Thankappan
- Kai-Uwe Saum
- Kairat Davletov
- Kamarul Imran Musa
- Kamel Ajlouni
- Karen Morgan
- Karen Sparrenberger
- Karen Webster-Kerr
- Karien Stronks
- Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Karl-Heinz Jöckel
- Kate E Sheffer
- Katia V Bloch
- Kazem Mohammad
- Kazi M Jamil
- Kelias P Msyamboza
- Kenneth James
- Khairil Si-Ramlee
- Khem B Karki
- Kirsten Mehlig
- Kishwar Azad
- Ko Ko Zaw
- Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao
- Krishna K Aryal
- Kurt Widhalm
- Kyungwon Oh
- Lachmie Lall
- Larissa Pruner Marques
- Lars Bo Andersen
- Lars Lind
- Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Laura Censi
- Laura Gutierrez
- Laura Torres-Collado
- Lauren Lissner
- Leanne M Riley
- Leila Houti
- Lekhraj Rampal
- Lena Barrera
- Lenie van Rossem
- Leo D Westbury
- Leon A Simons
- Lèlita C Santos
- Li Yan
- Liam Smeeth
- Liang Xu
- Licia Iacoviello
- Lizzy M Brewster
- Louise A Baur
- Louise Eriksen
- Louise Robinson
- Lucie Viet
- Luigi Palmieri
- Luis A Moreno
- Luis B Sardinha
- Luis P Mascarenhas
- Luis Revilla
- Luisa M Macieira
- Lynell V Maniego
- M Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Maciej Banach
- Maciej Tomaszewski
- Magda Gasull
- Mahboubeh Parsaeian
- Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Maja Baretić
- Majid Ezzati
- Malgorzata Mossakowska
- Manuel Ramirez-Zea
- Marcela Gonzalez-Gross
- Marcia Makdisse
- Marcia Scazufca
- Marcin Rutkowski
- Marcus Dörr
- Margus Punab
- Maria Dorobantu
- Maria Forsner
- Maria L Muiesan
- Maria Paula Santos
- Marialaura Bonaccio
- Mariana Sbaraini
- Marianna Noale
- Mariela Paoli
- Marika Ferrari
- Mario V Capanzana
- Marius B Bjertness
- María Del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez
- María-Dolores Chirlaque
- María-Elena González-Villalpando
- Marjo-Riitta Jarvelin
- Mark Woodward
- Markku Peltonen
- Marshall K Tulloch-Reid
- Martijn Huisman
- Martin Bobak
- Martino Laurenzi
- Marvin Cervantes-Loaiza
- Mary Simon
- Maryam A Aldwairji
- Maryam Keramati
- Maryam Sharafkhah
- Marzieh Katibeh
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Masimango Imani Mannix
- Masoud Masinaei
- Massimo Cirillo
- Massimo Salvetti
- Mathilde Kersting
- Mauer Gonçalves
- Maung Maung Than Htike
- Mária Avdičová
- Meda E Pavkov
- Meghnath Dhimal
- Melanie J Cowan
- Michael Knoflach
- Michael Sjöström
- Michael Y Ni
- Michala Lustigová
- Michel Jadoul
- Michelle Holdsworth
- Miguel Brito
- Mikhail Benet
- Mildrey Mosquera
- Milton F Suarez-Ortegón
- Miquel Porta
- Modou Cheyassin Phall
- Moein Yoosefi
- Mohamed Bamoshmoosh
- Mohamed M Ali
- Mohammad El-Khateeb
- Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh
- Mohammad Hossein Somi
- Mohammad Hossien Saghi
- Mohammad Reza Fattahi
- Mohammad Reza Mirjalili
- Mohammad Reza Mohammadi
- Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
- Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
- Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh
- Mohan Deepa
- Mohannad Al Nsour
- Mohd Azahadi Omar
- Mohsen Abbasi-Kangevari
- Mohsen Azimi-Nezhad
- Mojtaba Farjam
- Monira Alarouj
- Moslem Sedaghattalab
- Mostafa K Mohamed
- Mostafa Qorbani
- Motahareh Kheradmand
- Moyses Szklo
- Muel Telo M C Muyer
- Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff
- Mukharram M Bikbov
- Mukhtar Kulimbet
- Murat Topbas
- Nada Zoghlami
- Nader Saki
- Naděžda Čapková
- Nagalla Balakrishna
- Namuna Shrestha
- Nareemarn Neelapaichit
- Narges Ebrahimi
- Naser Ahmadi
- Nastaran Ahmadi
- Natasja M Van Schoor
- Nawal M Al Qaoud
- Negar Rezaei
- Nico Dragano
- Niels C Møller
- Niels Wedderkopp
- Nihal Thomas
- Nikhil D Patel
- Niloofar Peykari
- Nils Lehmann
- Nimmathota Arlappa
- Ningli Wang
- Nish Chaturvedi
- Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh
- Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Noor Ani Ahmad
- Nor Azwany Yaacob
- Norazizah Ibrahim Wong
- Norlaila Mustafa
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- Nowell H Phelps
- Nuno Lunet
- Oana-Florentina Gheorghe-Fronea
- Obinna Onodugo
- Ofem Enang
- Olfa Saidi
- Olli Raitakari
- Oscar A Noboa
- Paibul Suriyawongpaisal
- Parinya Chamnan
- Pascal Bovet
- Patrick Kolsteren
- Paul Korrovits
- Paul Zimmet
- Paula Margozzini
- Pavel Piler
- Pawel Kurjata
- Pedro J Ortiz
- Pedro Ordunez
- Pedro Plans-Rubió
- Peng Nie
- Peter Bjerregaard
- Peter H Whincup
- Peter Lund Kristensen
- Peter Rohloff
- Peter Stehle
- Peter Ueda
- Peter Willeit
- Petra Rust
- Phalakorn Suebsamran
- Pierre Traissac
- Pietro A Modesti
- Piotr Bandosz
- Pradeep Joshi
- Priscilla Duboz
- Przemysław Slusarczyk
- Qian Wang
- Quang Ngoc La
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Queenie Chan
- Rachakulla Hari Kumar
- Rachel A Heap
- Rafael Dos Santos Henrique
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- Rafel Ramos
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- Raija Korpelainen
- Raimund Erbel
- Raimund Pechlaner
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- Rajeev Gupta
- Rajendra Pradeepa
- Rajiv T Erasmus
- Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez
- Ramin Heshmat
- Ramiro Guerrero
- Ramon O Jimenez
- Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Reecha Sofat
- Reina G Roa
- Renata Cifkova
- René Charles Sylva
- Reynaldo Martorell
- Reza Homayounfar
- Reza Malekzadeh
- Reza Mohammadpourhodki
- Ricky Eddie
- Robert J Adams
- Roberta B Caixeta
- Roberto Elosua
- Rocco Capuano
- Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- Roger A Montenegro Mendoza
- Roger G Evans
- Ronel Sewpaul
- Roosmarijn Verstraeten
- Rosa Haghshenas
- Rosie K Singleton
- Roya Kelishadi
- Rui Ornelas
- Rui Providencia
- Ruzena Kubinova
- Ryutaro Ohtsuka
- S Goya Wannamethee
- Sabina Zambon
- Sabine Schipf
- Sadaf G Sepanlou
- Saeed Dastgiri
- Saeid Safiri
- Sahar Saeedi Moghaddam
- Sai Yin Ho
- Salar Rahimikazerooni
- Salim Berkinbayev
- Salvador Villalpando
- Sandrine Fosse
- Sanja Šalaj
- Sanjay Rampal
- Sanjib K Sharma
- Santosh K Bhargava
- Sara Schramm
- Sarah Cuschieri
- Sarah P Garnett
- Sare Safi
- Sareh Eghtesad
- Sari Hantunen
- Sauli Herrala
- Senthil K Vasan
- Seppo Koskinen
- Sergio Viana Peixoto
- Seyed Mohammad Hashemi-Shahri
- Seyed Morteza Shamshirgaran
- Seyed-Ali Mostafavi
- Seyyed-Hadi Ghamari
- Shahla AlDhukair
- Shalkar Adambekov
- Sheikh Mohammed Shariful Islam
- Shelly R McFarlane
- Shirin Djalalinia
- Sigmund A Anderssen
- Silvia Plata
- Simona Bo
- Simona Costanzo
- Simona Giampaoli
- Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Slawomir Koziel
- Snehalatha Chamukuttan
- Sofia Malyutina
- Soheir H Ahmed
- Sok King Ong
- Solie Puhakka
- Son Thai Pham
- Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Sophia J Kiechl
- Sounnia Mediene Benchekor
- Stefaan De Henauw
- Stefaan Demarest
- Stefan Kiechl
- Stefan Savin
- Stefan Söderberg
- Stefania Maggi
- Stephen T McGarvey
- Stephen Vander Hoorn
- Sudhir Kowlessur
- Susi Kriemler
- Suyeon Park
- Suzanne N Morin
- Sylvain Sebert
- Tahir Aris
- Tajana Zeljkovic Vrkic
- Takafumi Ishida
- Take Naseri
- Takuro Furusawa
- Tamara R Santos
- Tandi E Matsha
- Tania Lopez
- Tania Tello
- Terence W O'Neill
- Teresa Shamah-Levy
- Terho Lehtimäki
- Thaliane Mayara Pessôa Dos Prazeres
- Thein Thein Htay
- Thet Thet Mu
- Tiffany K Gill
- Tiina Laatikainen
- Tiina Lankila
- Till Ittermann
- Tint Swe Latt
- Tom Wilsgaard
- Tomas Vega
- Tomasz Grodzicki
- Tomasz Zdrojewski
- Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Tran Quoc Bao
- Trevor S Ferguson
- Tuija Jääskeläinen
- Tze Pin Ng
- Ulla Roggenbuck
- Ulrike Gehring
- Unjali P Gujral
- Urho M Kujala
- Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer
- Valérie Deschamps
- Vasiliki Efthymiou
- Vera Lanska
- Victor P F Lhoste
- Vilma E Irazola
- Vinay B Nangia
- Vincent DeGennaro Jr
- Vincenzo Capuano
- Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Viswanathan Mohan
- Viviane C Cardoso
- Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar
- Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud
- Weili Yan
- Wen-Harn Pan
- Wenbin Wei
- Wichai Aekplakorn
- Willem A Hanekom
- Wilma M Hopman
- Wojciech Drygas
- Xenophon Theodoridis
- Xiaotian Liu
- Ximena Berrios Carrasola
- Xinyi Gwee
- Ya Xing Wang
- Yajaira Briceño
- Yannis Manios
- Yanping Li
- Yi Zeng
- Ying-Wei Wang
- Yong Du
- Yosef Farzi
- Youcef Laid
- Young-Ho Khang
- Yousef Saleh Khader
- Yu-Ling Yu
- Yuan Lu
- Yunjiang Yu
- Zahra Mohammadi
- Zbigniew Gaciong
- Zhanna Kalmatayeva
- Zhen-Yu Zhang
- Zivka Dika
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/11/2023
- Field of study
Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) are both used to diagnose diabetes, but these measurements can identify different people as having diabetes. We used data from 117 population-based studies and quantified, in different world regions, the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes, and whether those who were previously undiagnosed and detected as having diabetes in survey screening, had elevated FPG, HbA1c or both. We developed prediction equations for estimating the probability that a person without previously diagnosed diabetes, and at a specific level of FPG, had elevated HbA1c, and vice versa. The age-standardized proportion of diabetes that was previously undiagnosed and detected in survey screening ranged from 30% in the high-income western region to 66% in south Asia. Among those with screen-detected diabetes with either test, the age-standardized proportion who had elevated levels of both FPG and HbA1c was 29-39% across regions; the remainder had discordant elevation of FPG or HbA1c. In most low- and middle-income regions, isolated elevated HbA1c was more common than isolated elevated FPG. In these regions, the use of FPG alone may delay diabetes diagnosis and underestimate diabetes prevalence. Our prediction equations help allocate finite resources for measuring HbA1c to reduce the global shortfall in diabetes diagnosis and surveillance
Repositioning of the global epicentre of non-optimal cholesterol
- Author
- Aadahl Mette
- Abarca-Gómez Leandra
- Abu-Rmeileh Niveen M.
- Acosta-Cazares Benjamin
- Adams Robert J.
- Aekplakorn Wichai
- Agdeppa Imelda A.
- Aghazadeh-Attari Javad
- Aguilar-Salinas Carlos A.
- Agyemang Charles
- Ahluwalia Tarunveer S.
- Ahmad Noor Ani
- Ahmadi Ali
- Ahmadi Naser
- Ahmed Soheir H.
- Ahrens Wolfgang
- Ajlouni Kamel
- al-Safi Ismail Aziz
- Alarouj Monira
- AlBuhairan Fadia
- AlDhukair Shahla
- Ali Mohamed M.
- Alkandari Abdullah
- Alkerwi Ala’a
- Aly Eman
- Amarapurkar Deepak N.
- Amouyel Philippe
- Andersen Lars Bo
- Anderssen Sigmund A.
- Anjana Ranjit Mohan
- Ansari-Moghaddam Alireza
- Aounallah-Skhiri Hajer
- Araújo Joana
- Ariansen Inger
- Aris Tahir
- Arku Raphael E.
- Arlappa Nimmathota
- Aryal Krishna K.
- Asghari Golaleh
- Aspelund Thor
- Assunção Maria Cecília F.
- Auvinen Juha
- Avdicová Mária
- Azevedo Ana
- Azizi Fereidoun
- Azmin Mehrdad
- Balakrishna Nagalla
- Bamoshmoosh Mohamed
- Banach Maciej
- Bandosz Piotr
- Banegas José R.
- Bao Tran Quoc
- Barbagallo Carlo M.
- Barceló Alberto
- Barkat Amina
- Bata Iqbal
- Batieha Anwar M.
- Batyrbek Assembekov
- Baur Louise A.
- Beaglehole Robert
- Bebakar Wan Mohamad Wan
- Belavendra Antonisamy
- Ben Romdhane Habiba
- Benet Mikhail
- Benn Marianne
- Bennett James E.
- Berkinbayev Salim
- Bernabe-Ortiz Antonio
- Bernotiene Gailute
- Bettiol Heloisa
- Bhargava Santosh K.
- Bi Yufang
- Bienek Asako
- Bikbov Mukharram
- Bista Bihungum
- Bixby Honor
- Bjerregaard Peter
- Bjertness Espen
- Bjertness Marius B.
- Björkelund Cecilia
- Bloch Katia V.
- Blokstra Anneke
- Bo Simona
- Boehm Bernhard O.
- Boggia Jose G.
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- Brewster Lizzy M.
- Bruno Graziella
- Bugge Anna
- Busch Markus A.
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- Chamukuttan Snehalatha
- Chaturvedi Nish
- Chen Chien-Jen
- Chen Fangfang
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- Cheng Ching-Yu
- Cheraghian Bahman
- Chetrit Angela
- Chiou Shu-Ti
- Chirlaque María-Dolores
- Cho Belong
- Cho Yumi
- Chudek Jerzy
- Cifkova Renata
- Cisneros Julio Zuñiga
- Claessens Frank
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- Clays Els
- Concin Hans
- Confortin Susana C.
- Cooper Cyrus
- Costanzo Simona
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- Dallongeville Jean
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- Dantoft Thomas M.
- Dauchet Luc
- Davletov Kairat
- De Backer Guy
- De Bacquer Dirk
- de Gaetano Giovanni
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- De Ridder David
- De Smedt Delphine
- Deepa Mohan
- Deev Alexander D.
- Dehghan Abbas
- del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez María
- Delisle Hélène
- Dennison Elaine
- Deschamps Valérie
- Dhana Klodian
- Dhimal Meghnath
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- Di Cesare Mariachiara
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- Djalalinia Shirin
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- Döring Angela
- D’Arrigo Graziella
- d’Orsi Eleonora
- Eddie Ricky
- Eftekhar Ebrahim
- Eggertsen Robert
- Eghtesad Sareh
- Eiben Gabriele
- Ekelund Ulf
- El Ati Jalila
- Eldemire-Shearer Denise
- Eliasen Marie
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- Erasmus Rajiv T.
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- Eriksen Louise
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- Eslami Saeid
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- Evans Alun
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- Frontera Guillermo
- Fujita Yuki
- Fumihiko Matsuda
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- Galvano Fabio
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- González-Villalpando Clicerio
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- Gudnason Vilmundur
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- Guessous Idris
- Gulayin Pablo
- Gunnlaugsdottir Johanna
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- Gutierrez Laura
- Gutzwiller Felix
- Ha Seongjun
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- Hambleton Ian R.
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- Hantunen Sari
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- Hata Jun
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- Hayes Alison J.
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- He Yuna
- Hendriks Marleen Elisabeth
- Henriques Ana
- Herrala Sauli
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- Houti Leila
- Howitt Christina
- Htay Thein Thein
- Htet Aung Soe
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- Huhtaniemi Ilpo Tapani
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- Husseini Abdullatif S.
- Huybrechts Inge
- Hwalla Nahla
- Iacoviello Licia
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- Iglesia Iris
- Ikeda Nayu
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- Irazola Vilma E.
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- Islam Muhammad
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- Jackson Rod T.
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- James Kenneth
- Jamrozik Konrad
- Janszky Imre
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- Jasienska Grazyna
- Jelakovic Ana
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- Kajantie Eero O.
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- Kazakbaeva Gyulli
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- Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi Sirkka
- Kelishadi Roya
- Kengne Andre Pascal
- Keramati Maryam
- Kerimkulova Alina
- Kersting Mathilde
- Khader Yousef Saleh
- Khalili Davood
- Khang Young-Ho
- Khateeb Mohammad
- Kheradmand Motahareh
- Khosravi Alireza
- Kiechl Stefan
- Kiechl-Kohlendorfer Ursula
- Killewo Japhet
- Kim Hyeon Chang
- Kim Jeongseon
- Kim Yeon-Yong
- Klumbiene Jurate
- Knoflach Michael
- Ko Stephanie
- Kohler Hans-Peter
- Kohler Iliana V.
- Kolle Elin
- Kolsteren Patrick
- Korpelainen Raija
- Korrovits Paul
- Kos Jelena
- Koskinen Seppo
- Kouda Katsuyasu
- Kowlessur Sudhir
- Kratzer Wolfgang
- Kriemler Susi
- Kristensen Peter Lund
- Krokstad Steiner
- Kromhout Daan
- Kujala Urho M.
- Kumar Rachakulla Hari
- Kurjata Pawel
- Kuulasmaa Kari
- Kyobutungi Catherine
- König Jürgen
- Laamiri Fatima Zahra
- Laatikainen Tiina
- Lachat Carl
- Laid Youcef
- Lam Tai Hing
- Lambrinou Christina-Paulina
- Lanska Vera
- Lappas Georg
- Larijani Bagher
- Latt Tint Swe
- Laugsand Lars E.
- Laxmaiah Avula
- Lazo-Porras Maria
- Lee Jeannette
- Lee Jeonghee
- Lehmann Nils
- Lehtimäki Terho
- Levitt Naomi S.
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- Lim Wei-Yen
- Lima-Costa M. Fernanda
- Lin Hsien-Ho
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- Lissner Lauren
- Liu Jing
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- Lopez Tania
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- Lotufo Paulo A.
- Lozano José Eugenio
- Luksiene Dalia
- Lundqvist Annamari
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- Lunet Nuno
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- Mansour-Ghanaei Fariborz
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- Margozzini Paula
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- Mirjalili Mohammad Reza
- Mirrakhimov Erkin
- Modesti Pietro A.
- Moghaddam Sahar Saeedi
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- Mohamed Mostafa K.
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- Mohamud Wan Nazaimoon Wan
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- NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
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- Nuhoğlu Irfan
- Námešná Jana
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- Ohtsuka Ryutaro
- Olafsson Örn
- Oliveira Isabel O.
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- Omar Mohd Azahadi
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- Ordunez Pedro
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- Pajak Andrzej
- Palmieri Luigi
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- Panza Francesco
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- Peixoto Sergio Viana
- Peltonen Markku
- Pereira Alexandre C.
- Peters Annette
- Petersmann Astrid
- Petkeviciene Janina
- Peykari Niloofar
- Pham Son Thai
- Pichardo Rafael N.
- Pigeot Iris
- Pilav Aida
- Pilotto Lorenza
- Piwonska Aleksandra
- Pizarro Andreia N.
- Plans-Rubió Pedro
- Plata Silvia
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- Pourfarzi Farhad
- Poustchi Hossein
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- Punab Margus
- Qorbani Mostafa
- Radisauskas Ricardas
- Rahim Hanan Abdul
- Rahimikazerooni Salar
- Raitakari Olli
- Ramachandran Ambady
- Ramos Elisabete
- Ramos Rafel
- Rampal Lekhraj
- Rampal Sanjay
- Rao Kodavanti Mallikharjuna
- Rao Sudha Ramachandra
- Redon Josep
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- Revilla Luis
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- Ribeiro Robespierre
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- Riley Leanne M.
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- Rubinstein Adolfo
- Ruidavets Jean-Bernard
- Ruiz-Betancourt Blanca Sandra
- Russo Paola
- Rust Petra
- Rutkowski Marcin
- Sabanayagam Charumathi
- Sachdev Harshpal S.
- Sadjadi Alireza
- Safarpour Ali Reza
- Safiri Saeid
- Saidi Olfa
- Saki Nader
- Salanave Benoit
- Salmerón Diego
- Salomaa Veikko
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- Sans Susana
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- Shin Youchan
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- Stieber Jutta
- Stokwiszewski Jakub
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- Strufaldi Maria Wany
- Stöckl Doris
- Sun Chien-An
- Sundström Johan
- Suriyawongpaisal Paibul
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- Söderberg Stefan
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- Topór-Madry Roman
- Tormo María José
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- Torres-Collado Laura
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- Trinh Oanh T. H.
- Truthmann Julia
- Tsugane Shoichiro
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- Tuomilehto Jaakko
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- Van Minh Hoang
- van Rossem Lenie
- Van Schoor Natasja M.
- van Valkengoed Irene G. M.
- Vanderschueren Dirk
- Vanuzzo Diego
- Varbo Anette
- Varona-Pérez Patricia
- Vasan Senthil K.
- Vatten Lars
- Vega Tomas
- Veidebaum Toomas
- Velasquez-Melendez Gustavo
- Venero-Fernández Silvia J.
- Veronesi Giovanni
- Verschuren W. M. Monique
- Victora Cesar G.
- Vidiawati Dhanasari
- Viet Lucie
- Villalpando Salvador
- Vioque Jesus
- Virtanen Jyrki K.
- Visvikis-Siest Sophie
- Viswanathan Bharathi
- Vlasoff Tiina
- Vollenweider Peter
- Voortman Trudy
- Voutilainen Ari
- Vrkic Tajana Zeljkovic
- Wade Alisha N.
- Wagner Aline
- Walton Janette
- Wang Ming-Dong
- Wang Ningli
- Wang Qian
- Wang Ya Xing
- Wang Ying-Wei
- Wannamethee S. Goya
- Wedderkopp Niels
- Wei Wenbin
- Whincup Peter H.
- Widhalm Kurt
- Widyahening Indah S.
- Wiecek Andrzej
- Wijga Alet H.
- Wilks Rainford J.
- Willeit Johann
- Willeit Peter
- Wilsgaard Tom
- Wojtyniak Bogdan
- Wong Andrew
- Wong Norazizah Ibrahim
- Wong Tien Yin
- Wong-McClure Roy A.
- Woo Jean
- Woodward Mark
- Wu Frederick C.
- Wu Shouling
- Xu Haiquan
- Xu Liang
- Yan Weili
- Yang Xiaoguang
- Yasuharu Tabara
- Ye Xingwang
- Yeow Toh Peng
- Yiallouros Panayiotis K.
- Yoosefi Moein
- Yoshihara Akihiro
- You San-Lin
- Younger-Coleman Novie O.
- Yusoff Ahmad Faudzi
- Yusoff Muhammad Fadhli Mohd
- Zainuddin Ahmad A.
- Zakavi Seyed Rasoul
- Zali Mohammad Reza
- Zamani Farhad
- Zambon Sabina
- Zampelas Antonis
- Zaw Ko Ko
- Zdrojewski Tomasz
- Zhang Zhen-Yu
- Zhao Dong
- Zhao Wenhua
- Zhen Shiqi
- Zheng Yingfeng
- Zholdin Bekbolat
- Zhou Bin
- Zhussupov Baurzhan
- Zoghlami Nada
- Publication venue
- Publication date
- 01/01/2020
- Field of study
High blood cholesterol is typically considered a feature of wealthy western countries(1,2). However, dietary and behavioural determinants of blood cholesterol are changing rapidly throughout the world(3) and countries are using lipid-lowering medications at varying rates. These changes can have distinct effects on the levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and non-HDL cholesterol, which have different effects on human health(4,5). However, the trends of HDL and non-HDL cholesterol levels over time have not been previously reported in a global analysis. Here we pooled 1,127 population-based studies that measured blood lipids in 102.6 million individuals aged 18 years and older to estimate trends from 1980 to 2018 in mean total, non-HDL and HDL cholesterol levels for 200 countries. Globally, there was little change in total or non-HDL cholesterol from 1980 to 2018. This was a net effect of increases in low- and middle-income countries, especially in east and southeast Asia, and decreases in high-income western countries, especially those in northwestern Europe, and in central and eastern Europe. As a result, countries with the highest level of non-HDL cholesterol-which is a marker of cardiovascular riskchanged from those in western Europe such as Belgium, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, Switzerland and Malta in 1980 to those in Asia and the Pacific, such as Tokelau, Malaysia, The Philippines and Thailand. In 2017, high non-HDL cholesterol was responsible for an estimated 3.9 million (95% credible interval 3.7 million-4.2 million) worldwide deaths, half of which occurred in east, southeast and south Asia. The global repositioning of lipid-related risk, with non-optimal cholesterol shifting from a distinct feature of high-income countries in northwestern Europe, north America and Australasia to one that affects countries in east and southeast Asia and Oceania should motivate the use of population-based policies and personal interventions to improve nutrition and enhance access to treatment throughout the world.Peer reviewe
Contributions of mean and shape of blood pressure distribution to worldwide trends and variations in raised blood pressure: A pooled analysis of 1018 population-based measurement studies with 88.6 million participants
- Author
- Abbas Dehghan
- Abdonas Tamosiunas
- Abdullatif S Husseini
- Abhijit Sen
- Abla M Sibai
- Adela Chirita-Emandi
- Adolfo Rubinstein
- Afshin Ostovar
- Ahmad Ali Noorbala
- Ahmad Ali Zainuddin
- Ahmad Faudzi Yusoff
- Aicha Soumare
- Aida Pilav
- Akihiro Yoshihara
- Akram Pourshams
- Ala'a Alkerwi
- Alain Morejon
- Albert Hofman
- Albertino Damasceno
- Alberto Barceló
- Alejandro Diaz
- Aleksandar Džakula
- Aleksander Giwercman Wu
- Aleksandra Piwonska
- Alet H Wijga
- Aletta E Schutte
- Alexandre C Pereira
- Alicia Matijasevich
- Alina Kerimkulova
- Aline Meirhaeghe
- Aline Wagner
- Alireza Ahmadvand
- Alisha N Wade
- Alison J Hayes
- Allan Linneberg
- Altan Onat
- Aluisio J D Barros
- Alun Evans
- Ambady Ramachandran
- Amina Barkat
- Amir Kasaeian
- Amirabbas Momenan
- Ana Azevedo
- Ana B Crujeiras
- Ana Henriques
- Ana Jelaković
- Ana Maria B Menezes
- Ana Paula C Cândido
- Anders Grøntved
- Andre L Guimaraes
- Andre P Kengne
- Andre Pascal Kengne
- Andrea R V R Horimoto
- Andres Metspalu
- Andrzej Pajak
- Andrzej Wiecek
- Aneta Grajda
- Angela Chetrit
- Angela Döring
- Angelique W Chan
- Ann-Sofie Forslund
- Anna Bugge
- Anna G Iannone
- Annamari Lundqvist
- Anne Juolevi
- Anne Taylor
- Anne Tjonneland
- Anneke Blokstra
- Annette Peters
- Annika Rosengren
- Anoosheh Ghasemian
- Anselmo J Mc Donald Posso
- Anthony Kafatos
- Antoinette Amuzu
- Antonia Trichopoulou
- Antonio Bernabe-Ortiz
- Antonio Cabrera de León
- Antonis Zampelas
- Anup Ghimire
- Anwar M Batieha
- Arnaud Chiolero
- Aroor Bhagyalaxmi
- Aryeh D Stein
- Assembekov Batyrbek
- Astrid Petersmann
- Atul Trivedi
- Augusto F Di Castelnuovo
- Aung Soe Htet
- Avula Laxmaiah
- Avula Laxmaiah
- Axel C Carlsson
- Aya Mostafa
- Aye Aye Sein
- Aziz al-Safi Ismail
- Bagher Larijani
- Balkish M Naidu
- Baurzhan Zhussupov
- Beata Gurzkowska
- Belong Cho
- Ben Schöttker
- Benjamin Acosta-Cazares
- Benoit Salanave
- Bernardo L Horta
- Bernhard Föger
- Betina H Thuesen
- Bharathi Viswanathan
- Bihungum Bista
- Bill Stavreski
- Bin Zhou
- Blanca Sandra Ruiz-Betancourt
- Bogdan Wojtyniak
- Bojan Jelaković
- Bontha V Babu
- Breige A McNulty
- Carl Lachat
- Carlo M Barbagallo
- Carlos A Aguilar-Salinas
- Carlos P Boissonnet
- Carmelo A Caserta
- Carolina B Tarqui-Mamani
- Caroline H Fall
- Carsten O Schmidt
- Catherine Kyobutungi
- Catherine Leclercq
- Catterina Ferreccio
- Cecilia Björkelund
- Cesar G Victora
- Chao Qiang Jiang
- Charles Agyemang
- Charles K Mondo
- Charles Lugero
- Charles Sossa Jérome
- Charumathi Sabanayagam
- Chiara Donfrancesco
- Chien-An Sun
- Chien-Jen Chen
- Ching-Yu Cheng
- Chris Cowell
- Christa L Lilly
- Christa Meisinger
- Christina Howitt
- Christine Cameron
- Christophe Tzourio
- Chung T Nguyen
- Cihangir Erem
- Claudia M Hormiga
- Clive Osmond
- Cláudia S Minderico
- Con Burns
- Constance Schultsz
- Cora L Craig
- Cristina Padez
- Cristina Taddei
- Cynthia Robitaille
- Cyrus Cooper
- Daan Kromhout
- Dalia Luksiene
- Damaskini Valvi
- Damian K Francis
- Dan Zhu
- Daniel A Rangel Reina
- Daniel Ansong
- Daniel Fernández-Bergés
- Daniel Ferrante
- David Faeh
- Davide Noto
- Davood Khalili
- Deepa Weerasekera
- Deepak N Amarapurkar
- Delphine De Smedt
- Dermot O'Reilly
- Diana A Santos
- Diana Kuh
- Dianna J Magliano
- Dickman Gareta
- Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Diego G Christofaro
- Diego Salmerón
- Diego Vanuzzo
- Dimitrios Papandreou
- Dimitrios Trichopoulos
- Dirk De Bacquer
- Dirk Vanderschueren
- Domenico Palli
- Dominique Arveiler
- Dominique Cottel
- Dong Wook Shin
- Dong Zhao
- Dongfeng Gu
- Dora Romaguera
- Doris Stöckl
- Dušan Grafnetter
- Dénes Molnár
- E Shyong Tai
- Eduardo Salazar Martinez
- Eero O Kajantie
- Ei Ei K Nang
- Eiji Oda
- Eira Viikari-Juntura
- Elena Pahomova
- Eleonora d'Orsi
- Elias F Gudmundsson
- Elin Kolle
- Elio Riboli
- Elisabete Ramos
- Eliza Cinteza
- Ellis Owusu-Dabo
- Ellisiv B Mathiesen
- Els Clays
- Elzbieta Dziankowska-Zaborszczyk
- Eman Aly
- Emily Sonestedt
- Emmanuel A Williams
- Emmanuella Magriplis
- Eng Joo Tan
- Enzo Manzato
- Erkin Mirrakhimov
- Espen Bjertness
- Esther Zimmermann
- Eugène Sobngwi
- Eunice E Ugel
- Eva Maria Navarrete-Muñoz
- Fabio Galvano
- Fangfang Chen
- Farshad Farzadfar
- Farzad Hadaegh
- Felipe F Casanueva
- Felix Gutzwiller
- Felix K Assah
- Fereidoun Azizi
- Fernando Rigo
- Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo
- Fikru Tullu
- Flavio D Fuchs
- Flavio Nervi
- Francesco Branca
- Francesco Gianfagna
- Francesco Panza
- Francisco J Felix-Redondo
- Frank Claessens
- Frank Tanser
- Fred Michel Paccaud
- Freda Pitakaka
- Frederic Gottrand
- Frederick C Wu
- Gabriele Nagel
- Gabriella Gruden
- Gailute Bernotiene
- Garry Jennings
- Geetha R Menon
- Georg Lappas
- George L L Machado-Coelho
- George Moschonis
- George S Stergiou
- Giovanni de Gaetano
- Giovanni Veronesi
- Giselle Sarganas
- Giuseppe Grosso
- Glenn Oehlers
- Gonul Horasan Dinc
- Gonzalo Valdivia
- Goodarz Danaei
- Goodarz Danaei
- Graziella Bruno
- Graziella D'Arrigo
- Grazyna Jasienska
- Gregor Jurak
- Gregor Starc
- Gregor Starc
- Gretchen A Stevens
- Guang Ning
- Guansheng Ma
- Guillermo Frontera
- Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez
- Guy De Backer
- Gyulli Kazakbaeva
- Günay Can
- H B(as) Bueno-de-Mesquita
- Ha T P Do
- Haakon E Meyer
- Habiba Ben Romdhane
- Haiquan Xu
- Hajer Aounallah-Skhiri
- Han C G Kemper
- Hanna K Tolonen
- Hannelore K Neuhauser
- Hannelore K Neuhauser
- Hanno Ulmer
- Hannu M T Uusitalo
- Hans Concin
- Harshpal S Sachdev
- Harunobu Nakamura
- Hashem Jaddou
- Heba M Fouad
- Heiner Boeing
- Helen Gonçalves
- Heloisa Bettiol
- Herculina S Kruger
- Herman Schargrodsky
- Hermann Brenner
- Himanshu K Chaturvedi
- Hoang Van Minh
- Holger Theobald
- Honor Bixby
- Hossein Poustchi
- Hsien-Ho Lin
- Huashuai Chen
- Hui Cai
- Hung-Kwan So
- Hynek Pikhart
- Hélène Delisle
- Ian R Hambleton
- Ian R Hambleton
- Idowu O Senbanjo
- Idris Guessous
- Ilona Nenko
- Ilpo Tapani Hihtaniemi
- Imane Cherkaoui Dekkaki
- Imperia Brajkovich
- Imre Janszky
- Ina S Santos
- Indah S Widyahening
- Indrapal I Meshram
- Inge Huybrechts
- Inger Ariansen
- Iqbal Bata
- Iraj Nabipour
- Irene G M van Valkengoed
- Iris Pigeot
- Isabel O Oliveira
- Ivan Pecin
- Ivana Radic
- J Jaime Miranda
- Jaakko Mursu
- Jaakko Tuomilehto
- Jacek Jóźwiak
- Jacqueline F Price
- Jakub Stokwiszewski
- Jalila El Ati
- James Bennett
- James Bentham
- Jan A Staessen
- Jana Námešná
- Janette Walton
- Janina Petkeviciene
- Janne S Tolstrup
- Japhet Killewo
- Jardena J Puder
- Jari J Jokelainen
- Jaume Marrugat
- Jean Claude N Mbanya
- Jean Dallongeville
- Jean Ferrieres
- Jean Woo
- Jean-Michel Gaspoz
- Jeannette Lee
- Jeonghee Lee
- Jeongseon Kim
- Jeremy M Jacobs
- Jerzy Chudek
- Jesus Vioque
- Jiang He
- Jie Mi
- Jim I Mann
- Jin Soo Moon
- Jing Liu
- Jing Liu
- Joana Araújo
- Joanne Katz
- Jochanan Stessman
- Jody C Miller
- Joel G R Roy
- Johan G Eriksson
- Johan Sundström
- Johan Sundström
- Johann Willeit
- Johanna A Otero
- Johanna Gunnlaugsdottir
- Johanna M Geleijnse
- Jolanta Slowikowska-Hilczer
- Jonathan E Shaw
- Jonathan Giovannelli
- Jorge Escobedo-de la Peña
- Jorge Mota
- Jorge Motta
- Jose G Boggia
- Jose Sánchez-Abanto
- Josep Redon
- Joseph Cacciottolo
- Joseph D Finn
- Jost B Jonas
- Jostein Steene-Johannessen
- José Eugenio Lozano
- José María Huerta
- José R Banegas
- Jouko L Saramies
- Juan Francisco
- Juan J Cruz
- Juan P González-Rivas
- Juan-Pablo Casas
- Judith Simons
- Juergen Breckenkamp
- Jukka T Salonen
- Julio Zuñiga Cisneros
- Jun Hata
- Jun Ma
- Jurate Klumbiene
- Jurate Medzioniene
- Jussi Kauhanen
- Justin Y Y Wong
- Jutta Stieber
- Juvenal Soares Dias-da-Costa
- Jyrki K Virtanen
- Jytte Halkjær
- Kai-Uwe Saum
- Kairat Davletov
- Kairit Mikkel
- Kamel Ajlouni
- Kaosar Afsana
- Karen Morgan
- Kari Kuulasmaa
- Karien Stronks
- Katsuyasu Kouda
- Kaveh Hajifathalian
- Kay-Tee Khaw
- Kazem Mohammad
- Kelias P Msyamboza
- Kenji Shibuya
- Khairil Si-Ramlee
- Khanh Le Nguyen Bao
- Khem B Karki
- Kim Overvad
- Kimmo Ronkainen
- Klodian Dhana
- Kodavanti Mallikharjuna Rao
- Koen Van Herck
- Konrad Jamrozik
- Kotsedi Daniel K Monyeki
- Kouamelan Doua
- Krishna K Aryal
- Krista Fischer
- Kumiko Ohara
- Kurt Widhalm
- Kyungwon Oh
- Lariane M Ono
- Larissa Pruner Marques
- Lars Bo Andersen
- Lars E Laugsand
- Lars H Ängquist
- Lars Lind
- Lars Vatten
- Laura A Rodríguez-Villamizar
- Laura Gutierrez
- Lauren Lissner
- Leandra Abarca-Gómez
- Leanne M Riley
- Lechaba Tshepo
- Leila B Moreira
- Leila Houti
- Lekhraj Rampal
- Leng Huat Foo
- Lenie van Rossem
- Leon A Simons
- Leticia Hernandez Cadena
- Liam Smeeth
- Licia Iacoviello
- Line T Møllehave
- Lital Keinan Boker
- Lizzy M Brewster
- Lorenza Pilotto
- Louise A Baur
- Louise Eriksen
- Louise Gates
- Lowell S Benson
- Luc Dauchet
- Lucie Viet
- Luigi Palmieri
- Luis A Moreno
- Luis B Sardinha
- Lutgarde Thijs
- Lutgart Braeckman
- Luz M León-Muñoz
- M Arfan Ikram
- M Fernanda Lima-Costa
- Maciej Banach
- Magda Gasull
- Mahboubeh Parsaeian
- Mahfuzar Rahman
- Majid Ezzati
- Malgorzata Mossakowska
- Mangesh S Pednekar
- Manoli Garcia-de-la-Hera
- Manu Raj
- Marc Gunter
- Marcela Gonzalez-Gross
- Marcia Makdisse
- Marcia Scazufca
- Marcin Rutkowski
- Margaret C Smith
- Margus Punab
- Mari-Liis Tammesoo
- Maria Cecília F Assunção
- Maria do Carmo Franco
- Maria Dorobantu
- Maria Forsner
- Maria G Grammatikopoulou
- Maria G Stathopoulou
- Maria J Carvalho
- Maria L Muiesan
- Maria L Turley
- Maria Puiu
- Maria Teresa A Olinto
- Maria Wany Strufaldi
- Mariachiara Di Cesare
- Marianna Noale
- Mariano Bonet Gorbea
- Marieke B Snijder
- Marika Ferrari
- Marileen L P Portegies
- Marius B Bjertness
- Marjeta Majer
- Marjeta Mišigoj-Durakovic
- Mark Woodward
- Mark Woodward
- Markku Peltonen
- Marleen Elisabeth
- Maroje Soric
- Maroje Sorić
- Marshall K Tulloch-Reid
- Martijn Huisman
- Martin Bobak
- Martin C Gulliford
- Martin Neovius
- Martina Müller-Nurasyid
- Mary Simon
- Maryam Kavousi
- María del Cristo Rodriguez-Perez
- María José Tormo
- María-Dolores Chirlaque
- Masanori Iwasaki
- Massimo Salvetti
- Mathilde Kersting
- Mathur Prashant
- Maties Torrent
- Matthias Nauck
- Mattias Johansson
- Maung Maung Than Htike
- Mauro V Barros
- Melanie J Cowan
- Michael Bursztyn
- Michael Hobbs
- Michael Knoflach
- Michael Sjöström
- Michel Joffres
- Mieczyslaw Litwin
- Mikhail Benet
- Ming-Dong Wang
- Miquel Porta
- Mohamed Bamoshmoosh
- Mohamed M Ali
- Mohammad Esmaeel Motlagh
- Mohammad Khateeb
- Mohammed Rasoul Tarawneh
- Mohan Deepa
- Mohannad Al Nsour
- Mohd Azahadi Omar
- Mohsen M Ibrahim
- Mostafa K Mohamed
- Mostafa Qorbani
- Muhammad Fadhli Mohd Yusoff
- Muhammad Islam
- Mukharram Bikbov
- Murat Topbas
- Mária Avdicová
- Nagalla Balakrishna
- Nahla Hwalla
- Naomi S Levitt
- Nasheeta Peer
- Natasja M Van Schoor
- Nayu Ikeda
- Nazgul Akhtaeva
- Ndeye Coumba Ndiaye
- Neil Murphy
- Nguyen D Nguyen
- Nicholas Wareham
- Niels C Møller
- Niels Wedderkopp
- Nikhil D Patel
- Niloofar Peykari
- Niloofar Peykari
- Nimmathota Arlappa
- Nishi Chaturvedi
- Niveen M Abu-Rmeileh
- Nizal Sarrafzadegan
- Noor Ani Ahmad
- Nor Azmi Kamaruddin
- Norazizah Ibrahim Wong
- Noushin Mohammadifard
- Novie O Younger-Coleman
- null null
- Nuno Lunet
- Oana-Florentina Tautu
- Oanh T H Trinh
- Ofra Kalter-Leibovici
- Olfa Saidi
- Olli Raitakari
- Ong Peng Guan
- Orlando Landrove
- Oscar A Noboa
- Oscar H Franco
- Osman Ali
- Oye Gureje
- Ozren Polašek
- Paibul Suriyawongpaisal
- Panayiotis K Yiallouros
- Paolo Vineis
- Pascal Bovet
- Patrick Kolsteren
- Paul Elliott
- Paul Ferdinand M Reganit
- Paul Korrovits
- Paula Duarte de Oliveira
- Paula Margozzini
- Paulo A Lotufo
- Pawel Kurjata
- Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Pedro Ordunez
- Pedro Plans-Rubió
- Per Lytsy
- Per Tynelius
- Peter Bjerregaard
- Peter H Whincup
- Peter Lund Kristensen
- Peter Stehle
- Peter Ueda
- Peter Vollenweider
- Peter Willeit
- Petra H Peeters
- Philippe Amouyel
- Pierre Traissac
- Pietro A Modesti
- Piotr Bandosz
- Prabhdeep Kaur
- Pradeep Joshi
- Prakash C Gupta
- Przemyslaw Slusarczyk
- Qian Wang
- Quang Ngoc Nguyen
- Quang V Nguyen
- Queenie Chan
- R Krishna Kumar
- Rachael M McLean
- Rachakulla Hari Kumar
- Rachel Cooper
- Rachel Dankner
- Radwan F Qasrawi
- Rahul Malhotra
- Rainford J Wilks
- Rajaa Al-Raddadi
- Rajeev Gupta
- Rajendra Pradeepa
- Rajiv T Erasmus
- Ramfis E Nieto-Martínez
- Ramin Heshmat
- Ramiro Guerrero
- Ranjit Mohan Anjana
- Raphael M Ritti-Dias
- Rebecca A Goldsmith
- Rebecca Hardy
- Renata Cifkova
- Renata Kuciene
- Renata Nunes dos Santos
- Reynaldo Martorell
- Reza Malekzadeh
- Reza Malekzadeh
- Ricardas Radisauskas
- Rildo S Wanderley
- Robert Beaglehole
- Robert Eggertsen
- Robert J Adams
- Roberto Elosua
- Roberto Lorbeer
- Robespierre Ribeiro
- Rod T Jackson
- Rod T Jackson
- Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco
- Rody G Sy
- Roman Topór-Madry
- Romulo A Fernandes
- Ronald D Gregor
- Roosmarijn Verstraeten
- Rosalba Rojas-Martinez
- Rosalynn Siantar
- Rossana Borchini
- Roy A Wong-McClure
- Roya Kelishadi
- Rudolf Kaaks
- Rui Ornelas
- Rute Santos
- Ruzena Kubinova
- S Goya Wannamethee
- Sabina Zambon
- Sabine Schipf
- Sadaf G Sepanlou
- Sai Yin Ho
- Salim Mohanna
- Sameer Narake
- Sandra C Fuchs
- Sania Nishtar
- Sanjay Rampal
- Sanjib K Sharma
- Santosh K Bhargava
- Sarah P Garnett
- Sari Voutilainen
- Sauli Herrala
- Savvas Savva
- Scott B McLean
- Seppo Koskinen
- Sergej M Ostojic
- Sergio Viana Peixoto
- Seung-lyeal Jeong
- Shahab Khatibzadeh
- Shelly R McFarlane
- Shirin Djalalinia
- Shirin Djalalinia
- Shouling Wu
- Shu-Ti Chiou
- Shuohua Chen
- Sian M Robinson
- Sibel Sakarya
- Sidsel Graff-Iversen
- Sigmund A Anderssen
- Silvana P Donoso
- Simona Bo
- Simona Costanzo
- Simona Giampaoli
- Sine Skovbjerg
- Sirkka Keinänen-Kiukaanniemi
- Slawomir Koziel
- Snehalatha Chamukuttan
- Sofia Malyutina
- Sok King Ong
- Son Thai Pham
- Songhomitra Panda-Jonas
- Soon-Woo Park
- Sophie Visvikis-Siest
- Sounnia Mediene-Benchekor
- Stefaan De Henauw
- Stefan Kiechl
- Stefan Söderberg
- Stefania Maggi
- Steinar Krokstad
- Stela McLachlan
- Stephen T McGarvey
- Sudha Ramachandra Rao
- Sudhir Kowlessur
- Suhad Bahijri
- Suka Machi
- Sumit Bharadwaj
- Susana Sans
- Susi Kriemler
- Suzanne C Ho
- Tahir Aris
- Tai Hing Lam
- Takuro Furusawa
- Tandi E Matsha
- Tanja Stocks
- Tara C Coppinger
- Tazeen Jafar
- Teemu J Niiranen
- Teresa Norat
- Terho Lehtimäki
- Thein Thein Htay
- Thet Thet Mu
- Thomas M Dantoft
- Thor Aspelund
- Thorkild I A Sørensen
- Tien Yin Wong
- Tiffany K Gill
- Tiina Laatikainen
- Tiina Vlasoff
- Timothy Key
- Tobias F Rinke de Wit
- Tom Wilsgaard
- Tomas Vega
- Tomasz Grodzicki
- Tomasz Zdrojewski
- Tomi-Pekka Tuomainen
- Torben Jørgensen
- Toshiharu Ninomiya
- Tran Quoc Bao
- Trevor S Ferguson
- Tuyen D Le
- Ty T Dickerson
- Ulf Ekelund
- Ulrich Keil
- Urho M Kujala
- Ursula Kiechl-Kohlendorfer
- Valérie Deschamps
- Vanina Bongard
- Vanja Ivkovic
- Veikko Salomaa
- Ver Bilano
- Vera Grujic
- Vera Lanska
- Vera Musil
- Vesna Jureša
- Vilma E Irazola
- Vilmundur Gudnason
- Vilnis Dzerve
- Vinay B Nangia
- Vincenzo Capuano
- Vincenzo Solfrizzi
- Virginija Dulskiene
- Viswanathan Mohan
- Viviane C Cardoso
- W M Monique Verschuren
- Wan Mohamad Wan Bebakar
- Wan Nazaimoon Wan Mohamud
- Wan Zhu Zhang
- Wei Zheng
- Wei-Yen Lim
- Weili Yan
- Wen-Harn Pan
- Wenhua Zhao
- Wichai Aekplakorn
- William A Neal
- Winsome R Parnell
- Wojciech Drygas
- Wolfgang Ahrens
- Xenophon Theodoridis
- Xiaoguang Yang
- Xingwang Ye
- Xu Lin
- Xun Tang
- Ya Xing Wang
- Yadlapalli S Kusuma
- Yannis Manios
- Yanping Li
- Yeon-Yong Kim
- Yi Song
- Yi Zeng
- Ying-Wei Wang
- Yingfeng Zheng
- Yn-Tz Sung
- Yong Tao
- Yonghua Hu
- Youchan Shin
- Young-Ho Khang
- Young-Ho Khang
- Yousef Saleh Khader
- Yufang Bi
- Yuki Fujita
- Yumi Cho
- Yuna He
- Yvonne T van der Schouw
- Zbigniew Gaciong
- Zbigniew Kulaga
- Zhengming Chen
- Zhengming Chen
- Ziad A Abdeen
- Publication venue
- ZU Scholars
- Publication date
- 01/01/2018
- Field of study
© The Author(s) 2018. Background: Change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure could be due to both shifts in the entire distribution of blood pressure (representing the combined effects of public health interventions and secular trends) and changes in its high-blood-pressure tail (representing successful clinical interventions to control blood pressure in the hypertensive population). Our aim was to quantify the contributions of these two phenomena to the worldwide trends in the prevalence of raised blood pressure. Methods: We pooled 1018 population-based studies with blood pressure measurements on 88.6 million participants from 1985 to 2016. We first calculated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), mean diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and prevalence of raised blood pressure by sex and 10-year age group from 20-29 years to 70-79 years in each study, taking into account complex survey design and survey sample weights, where relevant. We used a linear mixed effect model to quantify the association between (probittransformed) prevalence of raised blood pressure and age-group- and sex-specific mean blood pressure. We calculated the contributions of change in mean SBP and DBP, and of change in the prevalence-mean association, to the change in prevalence of raised blood pressure. Results: In 2005-16, at the same level of population mean SBP and DBP, men and women in South Asia and in Central Asia, the Middle East and North Africa would have the highest prevalence of raised blood pressure, and men and women in the highincome Asia Pacific and high-income Western regions would have the lowest. In most region-sex-age groups where the prevalence of raised blood pressure declined, one half or more of the decline was due to the decline in mean blood pressure. Where prevalence of raised blood pressure has increased, the change was entirely driven by increasing mean blood pressure, offset partly by the change in the prevalence-mean association. Conclusions: Change in mean blood pressure is the main driver of the worldwide change in the prevalence of raised blood pressure, but change in the high-blood-pressure tail of the distribution has also contributed to the change in prevalence, especially in older age groups
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