Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set

We report a measurement of the bottom-strange meson mixing phase \beta_s using the time evolution of B0_s -> J/\psi (->\mu+\mu-) \phi (-> K+ K-) decays in which the quark-flavor content of the bottom-strange meson is identified at production. This measurement uses the full data set of proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt(s)= 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponding to 9.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of \beta_s and the B0_s decay-width difference \Delta\Gamma_s, and measure \beta_s in [-\pi/2, -1.51] U [-0.06, 0.30] U [1.26, \pi/2] at the 68% confidence level, in agreement with the standard model expectation. Assuming the standard model value of \beta_s, we also determine \Delta\Gamma_s = 0.068 +- 0.026 (stat) +- 0.009 (syst) ps-1 and the mean B0_s lifetime, \tau_s = 1.528 +- 0.019 (stat) +- 0.009 (syst) ps, which are consistent and competitive with determinations by other experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 171802 (2012

Amyloid and tau cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in HIV infection

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Because of the emerging intersections of HIV infection and Alzheimer's disease, we examined cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers related of amyloid and tau metabolism in HIV-infected patients.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>In this cross-sectional study we measured soluble amyloid precursor proteins alpha and beta (sAPPα and sAPPβ), amyloid beta fragment 1-42 (Aβ_1-42), and total and hyperphosphorylated tau (t-tau and p-tau) in CSF of 86 HIV-infected (HIV+) subjects, including 21 with AIDS dementia complex (ADC), 25 with central nervous system (CNS) opportunistic infections and 40 without neurological symptoms and signs. We also measured these CSF biomarkers in 64 uninfected (HIV-) subjects, including 21 with Alzheimer's disease, and both younger and older controls without neurological disease.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>CSF sAPPα and sAPPβ concentrations were highly correlated and reduced in patients with ADC and opportunistic infections compared to the other groups. The opportunistic infection group but not the ADC patients had lower CSF Aβ_1-42in comparison to the other HIV+ subjects. CSF t-tau levels were high in some ADC patients, but did not differ significantly from the HIV+ neuroasymptomatic group, while CSF p-tau was not increased in any of the HIV+ groups. Together, CSF amyloid and tau markers segregated the ADC patients from both HIV+ and HIV- neuroasymptomatics and from Alzheimer's disease patients, but not from those with opportunistic infections.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Parallel reductions of CSF sAPPα and sAPPβ in ADC and CNS opportunistic infections suggest an effect of CNS immune activation or inflammation on neuronal amyloid synthesis or processing. Elevation of CSF t-tau in some ADC and CNS infection patients without concomitant increase in p-tau indicates neural injury without preferential accumulation of hyperphosphorylated tau as found in Alzheimer's disease. These biomarker changes define pathogenetic pathways to brain injury in ADC that differ from those of Alzheimer's disease.</p

Robust Biomarkers: Methodologically Tracking Causal Processes in Alzheimer’s Measurement

In biomedical measurement, biomarkers are used to achieve reliable prediction of, and useful causal information about patient outcomes while minimizing complexity of measurement, resources, and invasiveness. A biomarker is an assayable metric that discloses the status of a biological process of interest, be it normative, pathophysiological, or in response to intervention. The greatest utility from biomarkers comes from their ability to help clinicians (and researchers) make and evaluate clinical decisions. In this paper we discuss a specific methodological use of clinical biomarkers in pharmacological measurement: Some biomarkers, called ‘surrogate markers’, are used to substitute for a clinically meaningful endpoint corresponding to events and their penultimate risk factors. We confront the reliability of clinical biomarkers that are used to gather information about clinically meaningful endpoints. Our aim is to present a systematic methodology for assessing the reliability of multiple surrogate markers (and biomarkers in general). To do this we draw upon the robustness analysis literature in the philosophy of science and the empirical use of clinical biomarkers. After introducing robustness analysis we present two problems with biomarkers in relation to reliability. Next, we propose an intervention-based robustness methodology for organizing the reliability of biomarkers in general. We propose three relevant conditions for a robust methodology for biomarkers: (R1) Intervention-based demonstration of partial independence of modes: In biomarkers partial independence can be demonstrated through exogenous interventions that modify a process some number of “steps” removed from each of the markers. (R2) Comparison of diverging and converging results across biomarkers: By systematically comparing partially-independent biomarkers we can track under what conditions markers fail to converge in results, and under which conditions they successfully converge. (R3) Information within the context of theory: Through a systematic cross-comparison of the markers we can make causal conclusions as well as eliminate competing theories. We apply our robust methodology to currently developing Alzheimer’s research to show its usefulness for making causal conclusions

Differential responses of osteoblasts and macrophages upon Staphylococcus aureus infection

Background Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the primary causes of bone infections which are often chronic and difficult to eradicate. Bacteria like S. aureus may survive upon internalization in cells and may be responsible for chronic and recurrent infections. In this study, we compared the responses of a phagocytic cell (i.e. macrophage) to a non-phagocytic cell (i.e. osteoblast) upon S. aureus internalization. Results We found that upon internalization, S. aureus could survive for up to 5 and 7 days within macrophages and osteoblasts, respectively. Significantly more S. aureus was internalized in macrophages compared to osteoblasts and a significantly higher (100 fold) level of live intracellular S. aureus was detected in macrophages compared to osteoblasts. However, the percentage of S. aureus survival after infection was significantly lower in macrophages compared to osteoblasts at post-infection days 1–6. Interestingly, macrophages had relatively lower viability in shorter infection time periods (i.e. 0.5-4 h; significant at 2 h) but higher viability in longer infection time periods (i.e. 6–8 h; significant at 8 h) compared to osteoblasts. In addition, S. aureusinfection led to significant changes in reactive oxygen species production in both macrophages and osteoblasts. Moreover, infected osteoblasts had significantly lower alkaline phosphatase activity at post-infection day 7 and infected macrophages had higher phagocytosis activity compared to non-infected cells. Conclusions S. aureus was found to internalize and survive within osteoblasts and macrophages and led to differential responses between osteoblasts and macrophages. These findings may assist in evaluation of the pathogenesis of chronic and recurrent infections which may be related to the intracellular persistence of bacteria within host cells

Loss of the interferon-γ-inducible regulatory immunity-related GTPase (IRG), Irgm1, causes activation of effector IRG proteins on lysosomes, damaging lysosomal function and predicting the dramatic susceptibility of Irgm1-deficient mice to infection

The interferon-γ (IFN-γ)-inducible immunity-related GTPase (IRG), Irgm1, plays an essential role in restraining activation of the IRG pathogen resistance system. However, the loss of Irgm1 in mice also causes a dramatic but unexplained susceptibility phenotype upon infection with a variety of pathogens, including many not normally controlled by the IRG system. This phenotype is associated with lymphopenia, hemopoietic collapse, and death of the mouse.Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst (DAAD); International Graduate School in Development Health and Disease (IGS-DHD); Deutsche For-schungsgemeinschaft (SFBs 635, 670, 680); Max-Planck-Gesellschaft (Max Planck Fellowship)

навчальний посібник

Правове регулювання адміністративних послуг (у схемах) : навч. посіб. / [О. В. Брусакова, К. О. Крут, І. В. Панова та ін.]; за заг. ред. В. В. Сокуренка; МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ. – Харків : ХНУВС, 2021. – 120 с. – ISBN 978-966-610-252-5.У навчальному посібнику у вигляді структурно-логічних схем розкрито процедури надання адміністративних послуг посадовими особами органів державної влади та органів місцевого самоврядування, розкрито теоретичні та практичні аспекти проблематики адміністративних послуг з акцентом на створення та організацію центрів надання адміністративних послуг тощо. Для студентів, аспірантів, викладачів закладів різного рівня акредитації, наукових і практичних працівників та всіх, хто цікавиться питаннями адміністративного права.The textbook reveals the procedures for providing administrative services by officials of public authorities and local governments, theoretical and practical aspects of administrative services with an emphasis on the creation and organization of centers for administrative services and more. For students, graduate students, teachers of institutions of different levels of accreditation, researchers and practitioners and anyone interested in administrative law.В учебном пособии раскрыты процедуры предоставления административных услуг должностными лицами органов государственной власти и органов местного самоуправления, раскрыты теоретические и практические аспекты проблематики административных услуг с акцентом на создание и организацию центров предоставления административных услуг. Для студентов, аспирантов, преподавателей заведений разного уровня аккредитации, научных и практических работников и всех, кто интересуется вопросами административного права

навчальний посібник

Адміністративне право України. Загальна частина у схемах : навч. посіб. / МВС України, Харків. нац. ун-т внутр. справ ; за заг. ред. В. В. Сокуренка. – Харків : ХНУВС, 2019. – 236 с. – ISBN 978-966-610-138-2.У навчальному посібнику у вигляді структурно-логічних схем розкрито зміст норм загальної частини адміністративного права України: сутність публічного адміністрування, його принципи; предмет, метод, принципи і систему адміністративного права; систему суб’єктів адміністративного права; публічну службу та iнше. Для студентів, аспірантів, викладачів закладів різного рівня акредитації, наукових і практичних працівників та всіх, хто цікавиться питаннями адміністративного права.The textbook in the form of structural and logical schemes discloses the content of the norms of the general part of administrative law of Ukraine: the essence of public administration, its principles, subject, method, principles and system of administrative law; system of subjects of administrative law; public service and so on. For students, graduate students, teachers of institutions of different levels of accreditation, scientists and practitioners and anyone interested in administrative law.В учебном пособии в виде структурно-логических схем раскрыто содержание норм общей части административного права Украины: сущность публичного администрирования, его принципы, предмет, метод, принципы и систему административного права; систему субъектов административного права; публичную службу и прочее. Для студентов, аспирантов, преподавателей учреждений разного уровня аккредитации, научных и практических работников и всех, кто интересуется вопросами административного права