Association between obesity and knee osteoarthritis in users of brazilian unified national health system

Verify possible associations between obesity and knee OA in users of Brazilian Unified National Health System (Sistema Único de Saúde - SUS) of primary care network in Catalão-GO, Brazil. This is an observational study conducted in 2014 and 2015. A total of 81 volunteers from the Basic Attention Network in the city of Catalão, with body mass index (BMI) over 30 kg/m2 in both sexes, age between 40 and 60 years, and OA on radiological examination of the knee. Obesity was classified according to BMI. The diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) was made clinically and by radiography according to Kellgren radiological classification. The level of physical activity was assessed using the Baecke questionnaire and the Gordon Functional Classification. The volunteers underwent an anthropometric evaluation and physical examination with inspection and palpation of the joint and subsequent radiological examination of the knee. The volunteers answered a questionnaire on the level of physical activity and functional classification. Data analysis was performed using Fisher’s exact test or chi-square test was used for comparisons of two proportions. In comparisons of continuous variables, Student’s t-test or the nonparametric Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test was used. The level of significance was set to 5%. Practice of regular physical exercise decreases functional impairment in obese individuals with knee OA. The weight variable demonstrated a strong association with the severity of OA and degree of functionality of patients. Obesity and OA durations and lack of patient guidance are variables that may contribute to the progression of knee OA. Although the incidence among men is lower, they are more severely affected and anthropometric evaluation and physical examination are an efficacy implementations for Brazilian users of SUS

Placenta derived biogel for bioengineering vascular scaffolds

Doenças vasculares são as principais causas de morbidade e mortalidade a nível nacional e mundial, implicando na necessidade de implantes vasculares. Sendo assim, a produção de biomateriais vasculares por recelularização ou cultivo em biogel tem se mostrado alternativas promissoras às terapias empregadas em estudos relacionados à fisiologia vascular. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo produzir biogel e protótipos de vasos sanguíneos a partir da matriz extracelular de placenta bovina descelularizada. Para tanto, foram utilizados vasos da superfície corioalantoide da placenta bovina para a produção de scaffolds descelularizados, processo previamente estabelecido por nosso grupo. Logo após os fragmentos de vasos foram recelularizados com células caninas precursoras endoteliais (SV) ou com células caninas precursoras endoteliais com superexpressão de fator de crescimento endotelial vascular (SVVEGF), em concentração de 1,5x104. Em segundo momento a recelularização das células SVVEGF também foram testadas em concentração de 1x105/ml, pela técnica de injeção no lúmen dos scaffolds. Os vasos sanguíneos de placenta, também passaram por um processo de digestão da sua matriz extracelular tendo como produto um biogel. Para aumento da sua viscosidade foi utilizado alginato 10%. Na avaliação da compatibilidade do biogel, 3x105 células SVVEGF foram semeadas em cada placa. Após o período de maturação celular, os biomateriais descelularizados ou cultivados em biogel foram avaliados por histologia básica, microscopia eletrônica de varredura e confocal. Foi possível observar que os scaffolds naturais mantiveram re-endotelização satisfatória por células SVVEGF. O biogel permitiu manutenção de características estruturais importantes além da viabilidade celular, podendo ser uma alternativa para cultivo ou até mesmo para procedimentos como bioimpressão. Matriz extracelular descelularizada, Recelularização, BiogelVascular diseases are the main causes of morbidity and mortality nationally and worldwide, implying the need for vascular implants. Thus, the production of vascular biomaterials by recellularization or cultivation in biogel has shown to be promising alternatives to therapies used in studies related to vascular physiology. The present work aims to produce biogel and prototypes of blood vessels from the extracellular matrix of decellularized bovine placenta. For this purpose, vessels from the chorioallantoic surface of the bovine placenta were used to produce decellularized scaffolds, a process previously established by our group. Soon after, the vessel fragments were recellularized with canine endothelial precursor cells (SV) or with canine endothelial precursor cells with overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (SVVEGF), at a concentration of 1.5x104. Secondly, the recellularization of SVVEGF cells was also tested at a concentration of 1x105/ml, using the technique of injection into the lumen of the scaffolds. The placental blood vessels also underwent a process of digestion of their extracellular matrix, resulting in a biogel. To increase its viscosity, 10% alginate was used. In evaluating biogel compatibility, 3x105 SVVEGF cells were seeded on each plate. After the cell maturation period, the decellularized or biogel-cultured biomaterials were evaluated by basic histology, scanning electron and confocal microscopy. It was possible to observe that the natural scaffolds maintained satisfactory re-endothelialization by SVVEGF cells. The biogel allowed the maintenance of important structural characteristics in addition to cell viability, and could be an alternative for cultivation or even for procedures such as bioprinting

Kinetic And Isotherm Studies Of Ni2+adsorption On Poly(methacrylic Acid) Synthesized Through A Hierarchical Double-imprinting Method Using A Ni2+ Ion And Cationic Surfactant As Templates

A novel poly(methacrylic acid) material (IIP/CTAB) was prepared by a hierarchical double-imprinting process with Ni2+ ion and cationic surfactant - cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) as templates, and it was employed to adsorb Ni2+ ions from aqueous medium. Other poly(methacrylic acid) materials - single-imprinted (IIP/no CTAB) and nonimprinted (NIP/no CTAB) were investigated in adsorption studies. All the synthesized polymers were characterized by FTIR, SEM, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherm. The maximum Ni2+ adsorption capacities of IIP/CTAB and NIP/no CTAB were found to be 33.31 and 18.64 mg g-1, respectively, at pH 7.25. The relative selectivity coefficient (k′) values for Ni2+/Cu2+, Ni2+/Mn +, Ni2+/Co2+ and Ni2+/Pb 2+ systems were higher than 1, thus confirming the significant improvement in the selectivity of the polymer. The kinetic data were described very well by the pseudo-second-order model, thereby confirming the chemical nature of the Ni2+ adsorption (chemisorption), whereas the dual-site Langmuir-Freundlich equation provided the best fit to the isotherm data, suggesting the existence of two kinds of adsorption sites (with low and high binding energies) on the polymer surface. The high chemical stability of IIP/CTAB was verified with 300 Ni2+ adsorption-desorption cycles using 1.0 mol L-1 HNO3 as stripping agent. © 2013 American Chemical Society.522585508557Cempel, M., Nikel, G., Nickel: A Review of Its Sources and Environmental Toxicology (2006) Polish J. Environ. Stud., 15, p. 375Yebra, M.C., Cancela, S., Cespón, R.M., Automatic Determination of Nickel in Foods by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (2008) Food Chem., 108, p. 774Denkhaus, E., Salnikow, K., Nickel Essentiality, Toxicity and Carcinogenicity (2002) Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hemat., 42, p. 35Kasprzak, K.S., Sunderman Jr., F.W., Salnikow, K., Nickel Carcinogenesis (2003) Mutat. Res., 533, p. 67Doig, L.E., Liber, K., Influence of Dissolved Organic Matter on Nickel Bioavailability and Toxicity to Hyalella Azteca in Water-Only Exposures (2006) Aquat. Toxicol., 76, p. 203Mendes, C.B., Lima, G.F., Alves, V.N., Coelho, N.M.M., Dragunski, D.C., Tarley, C.R.T., Evaluation of Vermicompost as a Raw Natural Adsorbent for Adsorption of Pesticide Methylparathion (2012) Environ. Technol., 33, p. 167Costa, L.M., Ribeiro, E.S., Segatelli, M.G., Nascimento, D.R., Oliveira, F.M., Tarley, C.R.T., Adsorption Studies of Cd(II) on Al2O3/Nb 2O5 Mixed Oxide Dispersed on Silica Matrix and Its On-Line Preconcentration and Determination by Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (2011) Spectrochim. Acta Part B, 66, p. 329Tarley, C.R.T., Sotomayor, M.D.P.T., Kubota, L.T., Biomimetic Polymers in Analytical Chemistry. Part 1: Preparation and Applications of MIP (Molecularly Imprinted Polymers) in Extraction and Separation Techniques (2005) Quim. Nova, 28, p. 1076Dai, S., Burleigh, M.C., Ju, Y.H., Gao, H.J., Lin, J.S., Penncook, S.J., Barnes, C.E., Xue, Z.-L., Hierarchically Imprinted Sorbents for the Separation of Metal Ions (2000) J. Am. Chem. Soc., 122, p. 992Hoffmann, F., Cornelius, M., Morell, J., Fröba, M., Silica-Based Mesoporous Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials (2006) Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 45, p. 3216Lu, Y.-K., Yan, X.-P., An Imprinted Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Sorbent for Selective Separation of Cadmium from Aqueous Solution (2004) Anal. Chem., 76, p. 453Wu, G., Wang, Z., Wang, J., He, C., Hierarchically Imprinted Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Sorbent for Selective Separation of Mercury Ion from Aqueous Solution (2007) Anal. Chim. 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O uso de geotecnologias na análise morfométrica da alta bacia hidrográfica do Ribeirão Santo Antônio, no município de Iporá-Goiás, Brasil

O presente trabalho utiliza geotecnologias para análise morfométrica da alta bacia hidrográfica do ribeirão Santo Antônio, que é a única fornecedora de água para abastecimento da cidade de Iporá, no centro-oeste do estado de Goiás, Brasil. Nesse estudo foram selecionados e aplicados vinte e oito parâmetros morfométricos para serem analisados com a finalidade de obter informações das características da bacia hidrográfica. Os resultados de alguns parâmetros, como a declividade (0-45 %), a amplitude altimétrica (331 m), o gradiente do canal principal (11,4 m/km), a densidade hidrográfica (1,40 canais/km²) e a sinuosidade do canal principal (1,424 km/km) mostraram que a bacia não é propensa a inundações, mas tem alta capacidade de escoamento superficial de água. Essa característica é prejudicial à infiltração e posterior recarga hídrica do lençol freático, destacando a importância do planejamento e da gestão do uso da bacia para o abastecimento hídrico do município em questão

Solid Phase Extraction to On-Line Preconcentrate Trace Cadmium Using Chemically Modified Nano-Carbon Black with 3-Mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane

Carbon black (CB) grafted with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTMS) was used as solid phase extractor for Cd2+ in a flow injection system coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The influence of pH, buffer concentration, preconcentration flow rate and eluent concentration on preconcentration of Cd2+ were investigated by means of chemometric tools. The characterization of the adsorbent chemically modified was performed by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy and textural analysis. To perform the on-line preconcentration, 20.0 mL of a pH 7.0 Cd2+ solution at a flow rate of 4.0 mL min−1 was loaded through 30.0 mg of modified CB and then eluted with 1.0 mol L−1 HCl toward the FAAS instrument. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.20 and 0.66 µg L−1, respectively. Addition and recovery tests carried out in real samples (mineral, tap and saline waters, and cigarette sample) and the analysis of certified reference material (TORT-2, lobster hepatopancreas reference) attested the applicability of proposed method

Solid phase extraction to on-line preconcentrate trace cadmium using chemically modified nano-carbon black with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane

Carbon black (CB) grafted with 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (3-MPTMS) was used as solid phase extractor for Cd2+ in a flow injection system coupled to flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The influence of pH, buffer concentration, preconcentration flow rate and eluent concentration on preconcentration of Cd2+ were investigated by means of chemometric tools. The characterization of the adsorbent chemically modified was performed by Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, Raman spectroscopy and textural analysis. To perform the on-line preconcentration, 20.0 mL of a pH 7.0 Cd2+ solution at a flow rate of 4.0 mL min(-1) was loaded through 30.0 mg of modified CB and then eluted with 1.0 mol L-1 HCl toward the FAAS instrument. The limits of detection and quantification were found to be 0.20 and 0.66 mu g L-1, respectively. Addition and recovery tests carried out in real samples (mineral, tap and saline waters, and cigarette sample) and the analysis of certified reference material (TORT-2, lobster hepatopancreas reference) attested the applicability of proposed method271017151726CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPES481669/2013-2; 305552/2013-9; 472670/2012-325/2014Fundacao Araucaria; Laboratorio de Espectroscopia da Central de Multiusuario da Pro-Reitoria de Pesquisa e Pos-Graduacao (PROPPG); Companhia de Saneamento do Parana (SANEPAR); Instituto Nacional de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Bioanalitica (INCT