What Is Essential Is Invisible To The Eye : Culturally Responsive Teaching As A Key To Unlocking Children\u27s Multiple Literacies

Refugee students, language learners, and students in poverty are often viewed through a deficit model of everything they do not have in the way of school preparedness. However, many of them are survivors who possess courage and resilience. They also possess exceptional visual literacy developed through experiences with video and other images. Leveraging their visual literacy builds a bridge to help them understand text, which in turn helps them understand how literature reflects all of our experiences. Increased textual literacy helps students engage with vexing human questions. These questions form an inquiry base from which students can approach writing as an authentic task for self-expression. Student voice and culturally responsive teaching is valued in this model, which counters the experiences with failure that so many immigrant and low-income students learn when standardized testing is the focus of school. Inviting students to co-create literate spaces honors them, their families, and their cultures

Evolution of the atomic and molecular gas content of galaxies in dark matter haloes

We present a semi-empirical model to infer the atomic and molecular hydrogen content of galaxies as a function of halo mass and time. Our model combines the SFR-halo mass-redshift relation (constrained by galaxy abundances) with inverted SFR-surface density relations to infer galaxy H I and H2 masses. We present gas scaling relations, gas fractions, and mass functions from z = 0 to z = 3 and the gas properties of galaxies as a function of their host halo masses. Predictions of our work include: 1) there is a ~ 0.2 dex decrease in the H I mass of galaxies as a function of their stellar mass since z = 1.5, whereas the H2 mass of galaxies decreases by > 1 dex over the same period. 2) galaxy cold gas fractions and H2 fractions decrease with increasing stellar mass and time. Galaxies with M* > 10^10 Msun are dominated by their stellar content at z < 1, whereas less-massive galaxies only reach these gas fractions at z = 0. We find the strongest evolution in relative gas content at z < 1.5. 3) the SFR to gas mass ratio decreases by an order of magnitude from z = 3 to z = 0. This is consistent with lower H2 fractions; these lower fractions in combination with smaller gas reservoirs correspond to decreased present-day galaxy SFRs. 4) an H2-based star- formation relation can simultaneously fuel the evolution of the cosmic star-formation and reproduce the observed weak evolution in the cosmic HI density. 5) galaxies residing in haloes with masses near 10^12 Msun are most efficient at obtaining large gas reservoirs and forming H2 at all redshifts. These two effects lie at the origin of the high star-formation efficiencies in haloes with the same mass.Comment: accepted for publication in MNRAS, 20 pages, 16 figures (+ 1 figure in appendix), data files are accessible through http://www.eso.org/~gpopping/Gergo_Poppings_Homepage/Data.htm

Empirical Perspectives on Mediation and Malpractice

The use of mediation in the medical malpractice context is examined. The impact of any court-related alternative dispute resolution program is also discussed

Artificial atmosphere control system

Two-gas control system has been developed which uses existing hardware. Three systems are used for control, monitoring, and safety backup. Pure oxygen will be supplied to maintain safe pressure level should something go wrong

Life between Two Zions: The Beta Israel and their Experience of Multiple Diasporas

There are several communities at the intersection of both the African and Jewish Diasporas, but the largest is a community of Ethiopian Jews known as the Beta Israel who have primarily resided in Israel since the 1980s. As a group that is defined by multiple homelands and overlapping oppressions, their experience provides a unique demonstration of the limits and possibilities of diasporic identities in explaining and defining the modern world. In particular, the recent experiences of the Beta Israel draw attention to the limits of essentializing identity, collective notions of shared oppression, and inert understandings of place. The work of interpreting the implications for a broader understanding of African diaspora requires an understanding of the Beta Israel’s demonstrable history, imagined histories, and the varied societal acceptance of their self-identification

Time Does Not Heal All Wounds: Temporal Differences In Spinal Pathology Among Pre-Columbian Sites In West-Central Illinois

This research sought to examine a co-occurrence of three spinal pathologies, Schmorl’s nodes, osteophytosis, and osteoarthritis, within three temporally contiguous pre-Columbian sites in west-central Illinois. Albany Mounds (200 BCE – CE 400), Kuhlman Mounds (CE 600 - 900), and Dickson Mounds (CE 900 - ~1300), acted as proxies for their respective time periods in order to determine if there were any patterns among the three spinal pathologies present. Individuals with vertebrae present were examined and joints were scored based on criteria listed for each pathology. Overall, highest frequency of individuals affected by Schmorl’s nodes, osteophytosis, and osteoarthritis were located in the Dickson Mounds sample, providing evidence of a possible increase in mechanical stress and workload during the Middle Woodland Period. Highest frequency of Schmorl’s nodes overall were observed equally within Kuhlman and Dickson Mounds, while osteophytosis was observed most frequently in Kuhlman and osteoarthritis was observed most frequently within Albany. There were no joints with all three pathologies coinciding. Four individuals had all three pathologies present in one joint within the spine, but never co-occurring. There were however, thirteen individuals with a co-occurrence of two pathologies, the majority being Schmorl’s nodes and osteophytosis. Young Adults with Schmorl’s nodes in Dickson Mounds were found to be significantly higher than Young Adults in the other sites. Future research should include larger sample sizes and more consistent category sizes within the samples in order to limit gaps in data as well as skewed statistics due to small sample sizes