73 research outputs found
Quantum state engineering assisted by entanglement
We suggest a general scheme for quantum state engineering based on
conditional measurements carried out on entangled twin-beam of radiation.
Realistic detection schemes such as {\sc on/off} photodetection, homodyne
detection and joint measurement of two-mode quadratures are analyzed in
details. Imperfections of the apparatuses, such as nonunit quantum efficiency
and finite resolution, are taken into account. We show that conditional {\sc
on/off} photodetection provides a reliable scheme to verify nonclassicality,
whereas conditional homodyning represents a tunable and robust source of
squeezed light. We also describe optical teleportation as a conditional
measurement, and evaluate the degrading effects of finite amount of
entanglement, decoherence due to losses, and nonunit quantum efficiency.Comment: Some pics with low resolution. Originals at http://www.qubit.i
Helminth parasites in the endangered Ethiopian wolf, Canis simensis
Ethiopian wolves, Canis simensis, are an endangered carnivore endemic to the
Ethiopian highlands. Although previous studies have focused on aspects of
Ethiopian wolf biology, including diet, territoriality, reproduction and infectious
diseases such as rabies, little is known of their helminth parasites. In the current
study, faecal samples were collected from 94 wild Ethiopian wolves in the Bale
Mountains of southernEthiopia,betweenAugust 2008andFebruary 2010,andwere
screened for the presence of helminth eggs using a semi-quantitative volumetric
dilutionmethodwithmicroscopy.We found that 66 of the 94 faecal samples (70.2%)
contained eggs from at least one group of helminths, including Capillaria, Toxocara,
Trichuris, ancylostomatids, Hymenolepis and taeniids. Eggs of Capillaria sp. were
found most commonly, followed by Trichuris sp., ancylostomatid species and
Toxocara species. Three samples contained Hymenolepis sp. eggs, which were likely
artefacts from ingested prey species. Four samples contained taeniid eggs, one of
whichwas copro-polymerase chain reaction (copro-PCR) and sequence positive for
Echinococcus granulosus, suggesting a spillover from a domestic parasite cycle into
this wildlife species. Associations between presence/absence of Capillaria, Toxocara
and Trichuris eggs were found; and egg burdens of Toxocara and ancylostomatids
were found to be associated with geographical location and sampling season.Institute for Breeding Rare and Endangered African Mammals (IBREAM), the
Born Free Foundation and the Wildlife Conservation Network. University of Salford.http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayJournal?jid=JHL2016-01-31hb201
Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set
We report a measurement of the bottom-strange meson mixing phase \beta_s
using the time evolution of B0_s -> J/\psi (->\mu+\mu-) \phi (-> K+ K-) decays
in which the quark-flavor content of the bottom-strange meson is identified at
production. This measurement uses the full data set of proton-antiproton
collisions at sqrt(s)= 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector experiment
at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponding to 9.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity.
We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of \beta_s and the
B0_s decay-width difference \Delta\Gamma_s, and measure \beta_s in [-\pi/2,
-1.51] U [-0.06, 0.30] U [1.26, \pi/2] at the 68% confidence level, in
agreement with the standard model expectation. Assuming the standard model
value of \beta_s, we also determine \Delta\Gamma_s = 0.068 +- 0.026 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps-1 and the mean B0_s lifetime, \tau_s = 1.528 +- 0.019 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps, which are consistent and competitive with determinations by
other experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 171802 (2012
Targeting DNA Damage Response and Replication Stress in Pancreatic Cancer
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Continuing recalcitrance to therapy cements pancreatic cancer (PC) as the most lethal malignancy, which is set to become the second leading cause of cancer death in our society. The study aim was to investigate the association between DNA damage response (DDR), replication stress, and novel therapeutic response in PC to develop a biomarkerdriven therapeutic strategy targeting DDR and replication stress in PC. METHODS: We interrogated the transcriptome, genome, proteome, and functional characteristics of 61 novel PC patientâderived cell lines to define novel therapeutic strategies targeting DDR and replication stress. Validation was done in patient-derived xenografts and human PC organoids. RESULTS: Patient-derived cell lines faithfully recapitulate the epithelial component of pancreatic tumors, including previously described molecular subtypes. Biomarkers of DDR deficiency, including a novel signature of homologous recombination deficiency, cosegregates with response to platinum (P < .001) and PARP inhibitor therapy (P < .001) in vitro and in vivo. We generated a novel signature of replication stress that predicts response to ATR (P < .018) and WEE1 inhibitor (P < .029) treatment in both cell lines and human PC organoids. Replication stress was enriched in the squamous subtype of PC (P < .001) but was not associated with DDR deficiency. CONCLUSIONS: Replication stress and DDR deficiency are independent of each other, creating opportunities for therapy in DDR-proficient PC and after platinum therapy.Stephan B. Dreyer ... Karin S. Kassahn ... et al
Velocity-space sensitivity of the time-of-flight neutron spectrometer at JET
The velocity-space sensitivities of fast-ion diagnostics are often described by so-called weight functions. Recently, we formulated weight functions showing the velocity-space sensitivity of the often dominant beam-target part of neutron energy spectra. These weight functions for neutron emission spectrometry (NES) are independent of the particular NES diagnostic. Here we apply these NES weight functions to the time-of-flight spectrometer TOFOR at JET. By taking the instrumental response function of TOFOR into account, we calculate time-of-flight NES weight functions that enable us to directly determine the velocity-space sensitivity of a given part of a measured time-of-flight spectrum from TOFOR
All-sky search for long-duration gravitational wave transients with initial LIGO
We present the results of a search for long-duration gravitational wave transients in two sets of data collected by the LIGO Hanford and LIGO Livingston detectors between November 5, 2005 and September 30, 2007, and July 7, 2009 and October 20, 2010, with a total observational time of 283.0 days and 132.9 days, respectively. The search targets gravitational wave transients of duration 10-500 s in a frequency band of 40-1000 Hz, with minimal assumptions about the signal waveform, polarization, source direction, or time of occurrence. All candidate triggers were consistent with the expected background; as a result we set 90% confidence upper limits on the rate of long-duration gravitational wave transients for different types of gravitational wave signals. For signals from black hole accretion disk instabilities, we set upper limits on the source rate density between 3.4Ă10-5 and 9.4Ă10-4 Mpc-3 yr-1 at 90% confidence. These are the first results from an all-sky search for unmodeled long-duration transient gravitational waves. © 2016 American Physical Society
All-sky search for long-duration gravitational wave transients with initial LIGO
We present the results of a search for long-duration gravitational wave transients in two sets of data collected by the LIGO Hanford and LIGO Livingston detectors between November 5, 2005 and September 30, 2007, and July 7, 2009 and October 20, 2010, with a total observational time of 283.0 days and 132.9 days, respectively. The search targets gravitational wave transients of duration 10-500 s in a frequency band of 40-1000 Hz, with minimal assumptions about the signal waveform, polarization, source direction, or time of occurrence. All candidate triggers were consistent with the expected background; as a result we set 90% confidence upper limits on the rate of long-duration gravitational wave transients for different types of gravitational wave signals. For signals from black hole accretion disk instabilities, we set upper limits on the source rate density between 3.4Ă10-5 and 9.4Ă10-4 Mpc-3 yr-1 at 90% confidence. These are the first results from an all-sky search for unmodeled long-duration transient gravitational waves. © 2016 American Physical Society
Influencia de la cantidad de O2 adicionado al CO2 en el gas de protecciĂłn sobre la microestructura del metal depositado en uniones soldadas de bordes rectos en aceros de bajo contenido de carbono con el proceso GMAW
The Psychological Science Acceleratorâs COVID-19 rapid-response dataset
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data
The Psychological Science Acceleratorâs COVID-19 rapid-response dataset
In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, the Psychological Science Accelerator coordinated three large-scale psychological studies to examine the effects of loss-gain framing, cognitive reappraisals, and autonomy framing manipulations on behavioral intentions and affective measures. The data collected (April to October 2020) included specific measures for each experimental study, a general questionnaire examining health prevention behaviors and COVID-19 experience, geographical and cultural context characterization, and demographic information for each participant. Each participant started the study with the same general questions and then was randomized to complete either one longer experiment or two shorter experiments. Data were provided by 73,223 participants with varying completion rates. Participants completed the survey from 111 geopolitical regions in 44 unique languages/dialects. The anonymized dataset described here is provided in both raw and processed formats to facilitate re-use and further analyses. The dataset offers secondary analytic opportunities to explore coping, framing, and self-determination across a diverse, global sample obtained at the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, which can be merged with other time-sampled or geographic data
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