164 research outputs found
The Pioneer Anomaly and a Machian Universe
We discuss astronomical and astrophysical evidence, which we relate to the
principle of zero-total energy of the Universe, that imply several relations
among the mass M, the radius R and the angular momentum L of a "large" sphere
representing a Machian Universe. By calculating the angular speed, we find a
peculiar centripetal acceleration for the Universe. This is an ubiquituous
property that relates one observer to any observable. It turns out that this is
exactly the anomalous acceleration observed on the Pioneers spaceships. We have
thus, shown that this anomaly is to be considered a property of the Machian
Universe. We discuss several possible arguments against our proposal.Comment: 6 pages including front page. Publishe
Global embeddings of scalar-tensor theories in (2+1)-dimensions
We obtain (3+3)- or (3+2)-dimensional global flat embeddings of four
uncharged and charged scalar-tensor theories with the parameters B or L in the
(2+1)-dimensions, which are the non-trivially modified versions of the
Banados-Teitelboim-Zanelli (BTZ) black holes. The limiting cases B=0 or L=0
exactly are reduced to the Global Embedding Minkowski Space (GEMS) solution of
the BTZ black holes.Comment: 19 pages, 2 figure
Trying to Grasp a Sketch of a Brain for Grasping
Ritter H, Haschke R, Steil JJ. Trying to Grasp a Sketch of a Brain for Grasping. In: Sendhoff B, ed. Creating Brain-Like Intelligence. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence; 5436. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009: 84-102
Exponential Metric Fields
The Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) mission will use advanced
technologies to achieve its science goals: the direct detection of
gravitational waves, the observation of signals from compact (small and dense)
stars as they spiral into black holes, the study of the role of massive black
holes in galaxy evolution, the search for gravitational wave emission from the
early Universe. The gravitational red-shift, the advance of the perihelion of
Mercury, deflection of light and the time delay of radar signals are the
classical tests in the first order of General Relativity (GR). However, LISA
can possibly test Einstein's theories in the second order and perhaps, it will
show some particular feature of non-linearity of gravitational interaction. In
the present work we are seeking a method to construct theoretical templates
that limit in the first order the tensorial structure of some metric fields,
thus the non-linear terms are given by exponential functions of gravitational
strength. The Newtonian limit obtained here, in the first order, is equivalent
to GR.Comment: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science, 17 page
Quantum mechanics: Myths and facts
A common understanding of quantum mechanics (QM) among students and practical
users is often plagued by a number of "myths", that is, widely accepted claims
on which there is not really a general consensus among experts in foundations
of QM. These myths include wave-particle duality, time-energy uncertainty
relation, fundamental randomness, the absence of measurement-independent
reality, locality of QM, nonlocality of QM, the existence of well-defined
relativistic QM, the claims that quantum field theory (QFT) solves the problems
of relativistic QM or that QFT is a theory of particles, as well as myths on
black-hole entropy. The fact is that the existence of various theoretical and
interpretational ambiguities underlying these myths does not yet allow us to
accept them as proven facts. I review the main arguments and counterarguments
lying behind these myths and conclude that QM is still a
not-yet-completely-understood theory open to further fundamental research.Comment: 51 pages, pedagogic review, revised, new references, to appear in
Found. Phy
Energy and Flux Measurements of Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays Observed During the First ANITA Flight
The first flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA)
experiment recorded 16 radio signals that were emitted by cosmic-ray induced
air showers. For 14 of these events, this radiation was reflected from the ice.
The dominant contribution to the radiation from the deflection of positrons and
electrons in the geomagnetic field, which is beamed in the direction of motion
of the air shower. This radiation is reflected from the ice and subsequently
detected by the ANITA experiment at a flight altitude of 36km. In this paper,
we estimate the energy of the 14 individual events and find that the mean
energy of the cosmic-ray sample is 2.9 EeV. By simulating the ANITA flight, we
calculate its exposure for ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We estimate for the
first time the cosmic-ray flux derived only from radio observations. In
addition, we find that the Monte Carlo simulation of the ANITA data set is in
agreement with the total number of observed events and with the properties of
those events.Comment: Added more explanation of the experimental setup and textual
improvement
On the energy of charged black holes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity
In this paper we calculate the energy distribution of some charged black
holes in generalized dilaton-axion gravity. The solutions correspond to charged
black holes arising in a Kalb-Ramond-dilaton background and some existing
non-rotating black hole solutions are recovered in special cases. We focus our
study to asymptotically flat and asymptotically non-flat types of solutions and
resort for this purpose to the M{\o}ller prescription. Various aspects of
energy are also analyzed.Comment: LaTe
Measurement of the Bottom-Strange Meson Mixing Phase in the Full CDF Data Set
We report a measurement of the bottom-strange meson mixing phase \beta_s
using the time evolution of B0_s -> J/\psi (->\mu+\mu-) \phi (-> K+ K-) decays
in which the quark-flavor content of the bottom-strange meson is identified at
production. This measurement uses the full data set of proton-antiproton
collisions at sqrt(s)= 1.96 TeV collected by the Collider Detector experiment
at the Fermilab Tevatron, corresponding to 9.6 fb-1 of integrated luminosity.
We report confidence regions in the two-dimensional space of \beta_s and the
B0_s decay-width difference \Delta\Gamma_s, and measure \beta_s in [-\pi/2,
-1.51] U [-0.06, 0.30] U [1.26, \pi/2] at the 68% confidence level, in
agreement with the standard model expectation. Assuming the standard model
value of \beta_s, we also determine \Delta\Gamma_s = 0.068 +- 0.026 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps-1 and the mean B0_s lifetime, \tau_s = 1.528 +- 0.019 (stat) +-
0.009 (syst) ps, which are consistent and competitive with determinations by
other experiments.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, Phys. Rev. Lett 109, 171802 (2012
Energy Distribution for Non-commutative Radiating Schwarzschild Black Holes
The aim of this article is the calculation of the energy-momentum for a
non-commutative radiating Schwarzschild black hole in order to obtain the
expressions for energy. We make the calculations with the Einstein and M\oller
prescriptions. We show that the expressions for energy in both the
prescriptions depend on the mass , parameter and radial coordinate.
We make some comparisons between the results. Our results show that the
Einstein prescription is a more powerful concept than the M\oller prescription.Comment: 5 pages and 6 figures. Revised version submitted in Int.J.Theor.Phys.
after minor revisio
The Pediatric Cell Atlas: defining the growth phase of human development at single-cell resolution
Single-cell gene expression analyses of mammalian tissues have uncovered profound stage-specific molecular regulatory phenomena that have changed the understanding of unique cell types and signaling pathways critical for lineage determination, morphogenesis, and growth. We discuss here the case for a Pediatric Cell Atlas as part of the Human Cell Atlas consortium to provide single-cell profiles and spatial characterization of gene expression across human tissues and organs. Such data will complement adult and developmentally focused HCA projects to provide a rich cytogenomic framework for understanding not only pediatric health and disease but also environmental and genetic impacts across the human lifespan
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