Downtown Providence Farmers Market Design

This market essentially combines a marketplace with an existing or new industrial building. The hybrid created results in space that has daily retail sales and hours, as well as other goods available at other times. The industrial aspect typically acts as the anchor, as the market’s activities help attract a different group of consumers at other business times. An example of this would be a seafood supply warehouse that also provides dining and entertainment as a nightlife destination

Rutile/TiO 2 II phase equilibria

The transition between rutile and α-PbO 2 structured TiO 2 (TiO 2 II) has been investigated at 700–1,200 °C and 4.2–9.6 GPa. Hydrothermal phase equilibrium experiments were performed in the multi-anvil apparatus to bracket the phase boundary at 700, 1,000, and 1,200 °C. The equilibrium phase boundary is described by the equation: P (GPa)=1.29+0.0065 T ( °C). In addition, growth of TiO 2 II was observed in experiments at 500 and 600 °C, although growth of rutile was too slow to bracket unambiguously the equilibrium boundary at these temperatures. Water was not detected in either rutile or TiO 2 II, and dry synthesis experiments at 1,200 °C were consistent with the phase boundary determined in the fluid-bearing experiments, suggesting that the equilibrium is unaffected by the presence of water. Our bracket of the phase boundary at 700 °C is consistent with the reversed, dry experiments of Akaogi et al. (1992) and the reversals of Olsen et al. (1999). The new data suggest that the phase boundary is linear, in agreement with Akaogi et al. (1992), but in striking contrast to the phase diagram inferred by Olsen et al. (1999). The natural occurrence of TiO 2 II requires formation pressures considerably higher than the graphite–diamond phase boundary.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/42229/1/s00410-003-0445-2.pd

Eliciting Renal Failure in Mosquitoes with a Small-Molecule Inhibitor of Inward-Rectifying Potassium Channels

<div><p>Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria and dengue fever take a large toll on global health. The primary chemical agents used for controlling mosquitoes are insecticides that target the nervous system. However, the emergence of resistance in mosquito populations is reducing the efficacy of available insecticides. The development of new insecticides is therefore urgent. Here we show that VU573, a small-molecule inhibitor of mammalian inward-rectifying potassium (Kir) channels, inhibits a Kir channel cloned from the renal (Malpighian) tubules of <i>Aedes aegypti</i> (<i>Ae</i>Kir1). Injection of VU573 into the hemolymph of adult female mosquitoes (<i>Ae. aegypti</i>) disrupts the production and excretion of urine in a manner consistent with channel block of <i>Ae</i>Kir1 and renders the mosquitoes incapacitated (flightless or dead) within 24 hours. Moreover, the toxicity of VU573 in mosquitoes (<i>Ae. aegypti</i>) is exacerbated when hemolymph potassium levels are elevated, suggesting that Kir channels are essential for maintenance of whole-animal potassium homeostasis. Our study demonstrates that renal failure is a promising mechanism of action for killing mosquitoes, and motivates the discovery of selective small-molecule inhibitors of mosquito Kir channels for use as insecticides.</p></div