Guide to the Ezekiel Ezra Smith (E. E. Smith) Collection

Ezekiel Ezra Smith (b. May 23, 1852 – d. December 6, 1933) was an educator, soldier, statesman, and businessman. He served as the principal and later president of the North Carolina State Colored Normal School of Fayetteville, later known as Fayetteville State University for over forty years. Currently, the available digital materials range from 1874-1907. Biography and image of the history marker are courtesy of the State Library of North Carolina and NC Department of Natural and Cultural Resources. Catalogs are courtesy of Shaw University Archives. Deeds are courtesy of Cumberland County Register of Deeds.https://digitalcommons.uncfsu.edu/archv_fa/1005/thumbnail.jp

THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCAN:3-A AND HEARING-IN-NOISE TEST PERFORMANCES

According to the Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD) guidelines by the American Academy of Audiology (AAA; 2010), “specific treatment options (e.g. personal FM systems) may be more appropriately recommended for individuals who present deficits on monaural low-redundancy (MLR) (e.g. speech recognition in noise, filtered or compressed speech) and/or dichotic speech tests.� The assumption appears to be that MLR speech tests may be used to adequately evaluate the necessity for an FM system. In other words, the MLR speech tests may be used to determine the presence of a speech recognition in noise deficit. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the assumption that “low-redundancy� speech tests may be used to identify the need for an FM system by comparing these test results to that of the Hearing-in-Noise Test (HINT; Nilsson et al., 1994; Vermiglio, 2008). Twenty-nine young, native English-speaking with normal pure tone thresholds participated in the study. The subjects were evaluated using the MLR subtests of the SCAN-3:A and the HINT. The SCAN-3:A subtests included: Auditory Figure-Ground (0 dB), Filtered Words, Competing Words-Directed Ear, Competing Sentences, and Time-Compressed Sentences. The standard HINT conditions included; Quiet, Noise Front, Noise Right, and Noise Left. Composite scores were determined for each test battery. Statistically significant relationships were found between most of the SCAN-3:A conditions and HINT conditions. However, while relatively strong relationships between the MLR and HINT test results were found, clinicians should be cautious when inferring the presence of an SRN disorder from the MLR test results

Omega-3 Fatty Acids: Novel Insight into Cardiovascular Events, Cardiovascular Disease (CVD), and Cardiac Arrhythmias

It is a common knowledge that fish is a significant source of docosahexaenoic acid and eicosapentaenoic acid, two long-chain omega-3 fatty acids that have been linked to improve cardiovascular health in general. The cardiac function of humans is benefited by omega-3 fatty acids found in fish eating. Previous studies have shown that eating fish in moderation lowers the risk of coronary heart disease. Recent epidemiological research on the relationship between fish consuming and coronary disease have produced mixed results. Omega-3 fatty acids may not, according to a recent study, lower the incidence of cardiovascular events, strokes, cardiac arrhythmias, or fatalities from coronary heart disease; consequently, it continues to be a contentious issue

Occurrence of Mycotoxins in Certain Freshwater Fish Species and the Impact on Human Health: A General Review

Mycotoxins are toxic secondary metabolites produced by organisms of the fungus kingdom, which are capable of causing disease and death in humans and animals when present in food. Recent studies evinces fish consumption might become another way for mycotoxins to enter the human food chain. Although the increasing research publications related to the occurrence and prevention of mycotoxin contamination in fish feeds, there was limited studies on bioaccumulation of mycotoxins research in common freshwater fish species. Further this was assumed fish species of salmonid and cyprinids are very sensitive to feed-borne mycotoxins so far. Studies have demonstrated, fish may also carry mycotoxins residue along the food chain, thus compromising human health. This review describes mainly mycotoxin contaminations in certain freshwater fish species and the impact on human health due to their potential proven toxicity. This review also provided comprehensive information on mycotoxins contamination levels in muscle and liver tissue of some freshwater fish species such as Nile tilapia, Labeo rohita, and Catla catla during capturing in fresh water lakes and also fish sold at wet market and hypermarket in Chennai, Tamilnadu

Attenuation of Mycobacterium species through direct and macrophage mediated pathway by unsymmetrical diaryl urea

Tuberculosis is a major threat for mankind and the emergence of resistance strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) against first line antibiotics makes it lethal for human civilization. In this study, we have synthesized different diaryl urea derivatives targeting the inhibition of mycolic acid biosynthesis. Among the 39 synthesized molecules, compounds 46, 57, 58 and 86 showed MIC values ≤ 10 μg/ml against H37Rv and mc26030 strains. The best molecule with a methyl at ortho position of the first aromatic ring and prenyl group at the meta position of the second aromatic ring showed the MIC value of 5.2 μg/ml and 1 μg/ml against H37Rv and mc26030 respectively, with mammalian cytotoxicity of 163.4 μg/ml. The effective compounds showed selective inhibitory effect on mycolic acid (epoxy mycolate) biosynthesis in14C-radiolabelled assay. At the same time these molecules also executed their potent immunomodulatory activity by up-regulation of IFN-γ and IL-12 and down-regulation of IL-10.Fil: Velappan, Anand Babu. Sastra University; IndiaFil: Charan Raja, Mamilla R.. Sastra University; IndiaFil: Datta, Dhrubajyoti. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune; IndiaFil: Tsai, Yi Ting. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Halloum, Iman. Université de Montpellier; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Wan, Baojie. University of Illinois; Estados UnidosFil: Kremer, Laurent. Université de Montpellier; Francia. Inserm; Francia. Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique; FranciaFil: Gramajo, Hugo Cesar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Rosario. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario. Universidad Nacional de Rosario. Facultad de Ciencias Bioquímicas y Farmacéuticas. Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Rosario; ArgentinaFil: Franzblau, Scott G.. University of Illinois; Estados UnidosFil: Kar Mahapatra, Santanu. Sastra University; IndiaFil: Debnath, Joy. Sastra University; Indi

Ctenoplana bengalensis n. sp. from the Madras plankton

This article does not have an abstract

Hydroxyurea Induced Perimalleolar Ulcers

Hydroxyurea (HU) is an antineoplastic drug commonly used to treat chronic myeloproliferative disorders. Common dermatological side effects include hyperpigmentation, scaling, erythema, alopecia, desquamation of face and hands. Leg ulceration following HU therapy is less common and very few cases have been reported so far. Objective of this paper is to increase the awareness of hydroxyurea induced leg ulcers which will aid in the early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. The first case was a chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patient on HU 1.5 g/day for 5 yr, who had bilateral painful perimalleolar ulcers for 6 months. The second case was a CML patient on HU 1.5 g/day for 3 yr who developed bilateral lateral malleolar ulcers. Third case was a polycythemia vera (PV) patient on HU 1 g/day for 5 yr who presented with painful medial malleolar ulcer of 2 months. The last case of our report was an elderly PV patient on HU 1.5 g/day for 2 yr and presented with lateral malleolar ulcer which persisted on reducing the dose of HU. In all the 4 cases the ulcers healed on stopping HU. Our report confirms the association of chronic hydroxyurea therapy and perimalleolar ulcers which respond promptly after discontinuation of the drug. The heightened awareness among the physicians will promote early diagnosis and prompt relief from the agonizing ulcers

Filtering "genic" open reading frames from genomic DNA samples for advanced annotation

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>In order to carry out experimental gene annotation, DNA encoding open reading frames (ORFs) derived from real genes (termed "genic") in the correct frame is required. When genes are correctly assigned, isolation of genic DNA for functional annotation can be carried out by PCR. However, not all genes are correctly assigned, and even when correctly assigned, gene products are often incorrectly folded when expressed in heterologous hosts. This is a problem that can sometimes be overcome by the expression of protein fragments encoding domains, rather than full-length proteins. One possible method to isolate DNA encoding such domains would to "filter" complex DNA (cDNA libraries, genomic and metagenomic DNA) for gene fragments that confer a selectable phenotype relying on correct folding, with all such domains present in a complex DNA sample, termed the “domainome”.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>In this paper we discuss the preparation of diverse genic ORF libraries from randomly fragmented genomic DNA using ß-lactamase to filter out the open reading frames. By cloning DNA fragments between leader sequences and the mature ß-lactamase gene, colonies can be selected for resistance to ampicillin, conferred by correct folding of the lactamase gene. Our experiments demonstrate that the majority of surviving colonies contain genic open reading frames, suggesting that ß-lactamase is acting as a selectable folding reporter. Furthermore, different leaders (Sec, TAT and SRP), normally translocating different protein classes, filter different genic fragment subsets, indicating that their use increases the fraction of the “domainone” that is accessible.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The availability of ORF libraries, obtained with the filtering method described here, combined with screening methods such as phage display and protein-protein interaction studies, or with protein structure determination projects, can lead to the identification and structural determination of functional genic ORFs. ORF libraries represent, moreover, a useful tool to proceed towards high-throughput functional annotation of newly sequenced genomes.</p