Factors associated with postpartum depression in women from low socioeconomic level in Argentina: A hierarchical model approach

Purpose to estimate the prevalence of depression at 4-week postpartum using the Edinburgh postpartum Depression Scale (EPDS) in women who delivered in a public maternity hospital in Argentina. Methods This prospective cohort study was carried out from March to August 2016 in northwest Argentina. Eligibility included delivering a singleton live birth 28 weeks of gestational age or over, 18 years or older and resided within 1 h from the maternity hospital. Women were excluded if they or their newborn were in the intensive care unit. We defined a positive screening as an EPDS score of 10 or higher or a positive response to item 10, which indicates thoughts of self-harm. Results A total of 587 women were enrolled and 539 women completed the home visit interview and the EPDS. A total of 167 (31.0%, 95% CI 27.1?35.1) mothers screened positive in the EPDS using a score ≥ 10 and 99 (18.4%, 95% CI 15.1?21.6%) using a score ≥ 13, which indicate increased severity of depressive symptoms. In both cases, the 23 (4.3%) women that responded as having thoughts of self-harm were included. Conclusion Nearly a third of women who participated had depressive symptoms at four weeks postpartum in a public hospital in Tucumán, Argentina. Socio-demographic, particularly personal psychiatric history, factors and social and cultural influences can impact results. Our results highlight the need for improved screening and better diagnostic tool for women with postpartum depression in Argentina and to investigate the impact of postpartum depressive symptoms on women´s health and their families.Fil: Pham, Diana. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Cormick, Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentina. University of Cape Town. Faculty of Health Sciences. Department of Human Biology; SudáfricaFil: Amyx, Melissa Michele. University of Tulane; Estados UnidosFil: Gibbons, Luz. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; ArgentinaFil: Doty, Meitra. University of Texas; Estados UnidosFil: Brown, Asia. University of Yale; Estados UnidosFil: Norwood, Angel. Xavier University of Louisiana. Department of Psychology; Estados UnidosFil: Daray, Federico Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Cátedra de Farmacología; ArgentinaFil: Althabe, Fernando. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; ArgentinaFil: Belizan, Jose. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Epidemiología y Salud Pública; Argentin

Social Class

Discussion of class structure in fifth-century Athens, historical constitution of theater audiences, and the changes in the comic representation of class antagonism from Aristophanes to Menander

A survey of willingness to consume insects and a measure of college student perceptions of insect consumption using Q methodology

Entomophagy is a rare practice in the United States and western Europe, but there are signs that it is gaining in popularity. This study seeks to gauge potential growth in entomophagy through two methods. First, we conducted a survey of 1,021 Americans to gauge their willingness to consume food products containing cricket powder compared with raw oysters, a food that has a similar “yuck” factor like insects but is nevertheless a widely consumed food. The results indicate that about one-third of Americans are willing to both try and consume insect products on a regular basis, provided they are tasty and safe to eat. Those most receptive to entomophagy are male, college-educated, younger with higher incomes, politically liberal and non-white. Second, we assessed 29 college students across 12 majors using a Q-sort where students arranged 41 statements representing a variety of opinions and beliefs about insect consumption. Post sort interviews and factor scores identified two perspectives: students who would eat insects to benefit the greater good through sustainability, and students who were strongly repulsed by the thought of eating insects. Together, both studies help to identify factors to consider when introducing insect consumption in western cultures