Heat budget studies of the north Arabian Sea during summer and winter seasons, 1992

In this study heat budget components and momentum flux for August and January 1992 over the north Arabian Sea are computed. The marine meteorological data measured on board during the cruises of PAK-US joint project (NASEER) are used for the computation. Significant differences were found in the heat budget components as well as in the momentum flux during different monsoon periods over the north Arabian Sea. The latent heat flux was always positive and attributed to the large vapour pressure gradient. The computed moisture and latent heat fluxes in January were higher than August The highest value of latent heat flux 309 W/m2 at station 8 was evaluated. These higher latent heat fluxes were due to the large vapour pressure gradient, air-sea temperature difference, the wind speed, and the prevailing wind direction (from north and northeast). Negative values of sensible heat fluxes in both seasons indicate that the heat transfer was from the atmosphere to the ocean. The negative values of net heat gain indicate that the sea surface field became an energy sink: or the sea surface supplied more energy to the atmosphere than it received from it. Large variation in the momentum flux mainly attributed to the variation in the wind speed. Aerial averages of heat and momentum fluxes were also computed

Anti-Metastatic Propensity of Biscoumarin Scaffold Synthesized Under Catalyst Free Aqueous Phase Microwave Irradiation

An environmentally benign, catalyst free, aqueous phase, microwave assisted method for the synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and different aldehydes is reported. The comparative investigation of the same synthetic methodology under conventional refluxing, domestic and scientific programmable microwave synthesizer has been attempted for the purpose of comparing the reaction performance in terms of % yield, reaction time, reproducibility and reaction control. In addition to the increased yields and attenuated reaction times for biscoumarin synthesis, the difficulty of reaction control and result reproducibility usually encountered with domestic microwave ovens have been addressed through an optimized synthetic methodology using microwave synthesizer. Screening bioactive compounds for their propensity towards inhibition of cancer metastasis is a must step in advancement of cancer chemotherapy. The synthesized biscoumarin scaffold was investigated for inhibitory metastatic activity against human lung carcinoma cell line, A549 through in vitro wound healing and invasion assays. The biscoumarin scaffold was found to possess an effective anti-proliferative activity. It was also found to be efficient in ablating the migration and invasiveness of these cells under in vitro conditions. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Anti-Metastatic Propensity of Biscoumarin Scaffold Synthesized Under Catalyst Free Aqueous Phase Microwave Irradiation

An environmentally benign, catalyst free, aqueous phase, microwave assisted method for the synthesis of biscoumarin derivatives using 4-hydroxycoumarin and different aldehydes is reported. The comparative investigation of the same synthetic methodology under conventional refluxing, domestic and scientific programmable microwave synthesizer has been attempted for the purpose of comparing the reaction performance in terms of % yield, reaction time, reproducibility and reaction control. In addition to the increased yields and attenuated reaction times for biscoumarin synthesis, the difficulty of reaction control and result reproducibility usually encountered with domestic microwave ovens have been addressed through an optimized synthetic methodology using microwave synthesizer. Screening bioactive compounds for their propensity towards inhibition of cancer metastasis is a must step in advancement of cancer chemotherapy. The synthesized biscoumarin scaffold was investigated for inhibitory metastatic activity against human lung carcinoma cell line, A549 through in vitro wound healing and invasion assays. The biscoumarin scaffold was found to possess an effective anti-proliferative activity. It was also found to be efficient in ablating the migration and invasiveness of these cells under in vitro conditions. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

Catalytic Ozonation Combined with Conventional Treatment Technologies for the Recycling of Automobile Service Station Wastewater

The ample increase in water scarcity and depletion of natural resources due to their overconsumption and the contamination of water sources becomes more challenging day by day. This challenging situation has pushed the scientific community to cope with it by providing alternative solutions. Therefore, it is indeed important to conduct a sustainable study on recycling wastewater for a particular purpose. Taking this into account, an effort was made to develop a novel hybrid treatment system that applied both conventional and advanced oxidation treatment processes. In this sustainable study, an integrated system was designed for the effective treatment followed by the recycling of automobile service station wastewater (ASSWW) which comprised sedimentation (sed), catalytic ozonation, adsorption, and filtration. In the current investigation, two catalysts/adsorbents, the granular activated carbon (GAC) and rice husk (RH) were employed individually and in combination for the first time in the studied hybrid process and their performance was compared and evaluated. The obtained results revealed that the hybrid system combination-I (Sed–O3/GAC) was more efficient than combination-II (Sed–O3/RH); the maximum removal efficiency of COD was 100% and 80%, respectively. In addition, the hybrid system combination-III (Sed–O3/RH + GAC) was more economical and efficient than others by employing 35% of each absorbent in the adsorption column. Moreover, this efficient Sed–O3/RH + GAC system has a maximum removal efficiency 99%, 100%, 99%, 100%, (89%, 99%, 100%) and 100% for turbidity, COD, BOD5, fecal coliform, potentially toxic metals (Cd, Pb, As), oil and grease, respectively, at optimized conditions (O3 = 82.5 mg/L; contact time = 18 min and catalyst dose of GAC and RH = 200 g each). Furthermore, the treated water sample complied with the WWF-recommended Irrigation Water Quality Guidelines (IWQGs) for class D. The increase in biodegradability (BOD5/COD ratio) was observed from 0.41 to 0.83. Therefore, the proposed efficacious hybrid system may be employed for the recycling of ASSWW for irrigation purposes

Thigh-length compression stockings and DVT after stroke

Controversy exists as to whether neoadjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with invasive bladder cancer, despite randomised controlled trials of more than 3000 patients. We undertook a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of such treatment on survival in patients with this disease