Asociaciones de nanofósiles calcáreos del paleoceno tardío al eoceno medio de Península Mitre, sudeste de la Cuenca Austral, Argentina

En la costa atlántica fueguina y en la faja plegada y corrida de los Andes Fueguinos, el Paleógeno está representado parcialmente por numerosos sistemas turbidíticos. Entre el Río Bueno y el Cabo Leticia en Península Mitre, el Paleoceno–Eoceno está integrado por la Formación Río Bueno y el Grupo Río Claro (formaciones Cabo Leticia, La Barca, Punta Noguera y Cerro Ruperto) que alcanzan ∼1050 m de espesor. En este trabajo se analizan los ensambles de nanofósiles calcáreos de 95 muestras a fin de precisar sus edades relativas. La Formación Cabo Leticia resultó estéril en nanofósiles. El miembro superior de la Formación La Barca, LB2, contiene ejemplares de Rhomboaster cuspis y Fasciculithus richardii, frecuentes en el límite Paleoceno/Eoceno (subzonas NP9a–NP9b). Los nanofósiles recuperados en la Formación Punta Noguera indican una edad Eoceno temprano (biozonas NP9b–NP10), con Fasciculithus tympaniformis, Rhomboaster cuspis y abundantes Toweius spp. La Formación Cerro Ruperto proporcionó una muestra fértil, con ejemplares de Reticulofenestra spp. y Toweius spp., asignables al Eoceno temprano (biozonas NP12–NP13). La Formación Río Bueno, proveyó ensambles de nanofósiles caracterizados por Chiasmolithus eograndis, Chiasmolithus expansus Toweius spp. y Reticulofenestra spp., asignables al Eoceno temprano tardío - Eoceno medio (biozonas NP14–NP15). Aunque el registro de nanofósiles calcáreos es discontinuo debido a las facies sedimentarias del Grupo Río Claro, nuestros datos permiten una mejor restricción de la edad de las formaciones investigadas y correlacionarlas con otras unidades aflorantes y del subsuelo en la Cuenca Austral.On the Fueguian Atlantic coast and in the southern Andean fold and thrust belt, the Paleogene is partially represented by numerous turbiditic deposits. Between Río Bueno and Cabo Leticia in Península Mitre, the Paleocene-Eocene is represented by the Río Claro Group (Cabo Leticia, La Barca, Punta Noguera, and Cerro Ruperto formations) and the Río Bueno Formation; which together constitute a 1050-m-Thick succession. Calcareous nannofossil assemblages recovered from 95 samples were analyzed to determine their relative ages. The Cabo Leticia Formation was barren in nannofossils. The upper LB2 Member of La Barca Formation contained Rhomboaster cuspis and Fasciculithus richardii, frequent in the Paleocene/Eocene boundary (subzones NP9a/NP9b). Nannofossils recovered from Punta Noguera Formation indicate an early Eocene age (biozones NP9b-NP10), with Fasciculithus tympaniformis, Rhomboaster cuspis, and abundant Toweius spp. The Cerro Ruperto Formation provided one productive sample, with specimens of Reticulofenestra spp. and Toweius spp., which indicates an early Eocene age for the formation (biozones NP12-NP13). The Río Bueno Formation yields calcareous nannofossil assemblages characterized by Chiasmolithus eograndis, Chiasmolithus expansus, Toweius spp., and Reticulofenestra spp., which indicate a late early Eocene to middle Eocene age (biozones NP14-NP15). Although the calcareous nannofossil record is discontinuous due to preservational biases in the Río Claro Group, our data allow a better age constraint for the investigated formations and to correlate these units with other surface and subsurface units in the Austral Basin.Fil: Bedoya Agudelo, Erika Lorena. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Perez Panera, Juan Pablo. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. División geología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - La Plata; ArgentinaFil: Concheyro, Andrea. Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, Comercio Interno y Culto. Dirección Nacional del Antártico. Instituto Antártico Argentino; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Ciencias Geologicas. Instituto de Estudios Andinos "Don Pablo Groeber"; ArgentinaFil: Olivero, Eduardo Bernardo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Tierra del Fuego, Antártida e Islas del Atlántico Sur. Instituto de Ciencias Polares, Ambientales y Recursos Naturales; ArgentinaFil: Gutierrez, Cecilia Inés. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; ArgentinaFil: Torres Carbonell, Pablo Juan. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Austral de Investigaciones Científicas; Argentin

Genes involved in sex determination and the influence of temperature during the sexual differentiation process in fish: A review

This review attempts to group the recent hypotheses involved in the complex system of determination and sex differentiation in fish. Based on recent literature, we relate the key genes involved in the genomic cascade as the Cyp19, Dmrt1, Sox9, Foxl2, Esr, Dax1, Sf1 and Amh1, and still little known action of temperature on them. As the sex reversal is a highly desired process in fish farming aiming at obtaining male mono-sexual populations (due to weight gain of males), several techniques based on direct and indirect manipulation of phenotypic sex are being tested. Recent surveys show the use of temperature as alternative to the process of sex reversal. However, high or low temperatures have limited effect, in addition to there being a window of sex reversal in which temperature acts, varying from species to species. Thus, we draw a parallel with the role of temperature in the process of sex reversal and its effect on genes of the genomic cascade, which has been the subject of several studies that attempt to explain how temperature would be acting in this process. Intracellular receptors, such as those used for steroid hormones, act as transcription factors to regulate target genes moving between the nucleus and cytoplasm and, in the hormone absence, are linked to the complex of heat shock protein 90 kDa (Hsp90). Through this mechanism, it is possible to predict that fluctuations in temperature can influence the action of hormones, the increased transcription of genes involved in steroidogenesis and hence in sexual differentiation, becoming an alternative to explain where the temperature is acting. However, this literature review discusses the correlations between the genomic cascade, the action of intracellular receptors and the influence of temperature within this large system of determination and sex differentiation in fish.Keywords: Fish, gene, sex differentiation, temperatureAfrican Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 12(17), pp. 2129-214

Condiciones y efectos sobre la salud para estibador de curtiembre

Establecer medidas preventivas y/o de control para mitigar los peligros a los que se encuentran expuestos los trabajadores de la Curtiembre Districarnazas luna, ubicada en la ciudad de Bogotá.El uso del cuero ha sido una herramienta fundamental en la vida del ser humano. Desde la época prehistórica, gracias a la caza de mamíferos, el hombre obtenía dos grandes beneficios el alimento y la materia prima, para fabricar prendas de vestir que los protegían del cambio climático y del roce con las diferentes superficies (Martínez, S & Romero J, 2016 & Ramirez, 2014)

Condiciones y efectos sobre la salud para estibador de curtiembre

Establecer medidas preventivas y/o de control para mitigar los peligros a los que se encuentran expuestos los trabajadores de la Curtiembre Districarnazas luna, ubicada en la ciudad de Bogotá.El uso del cuero ha sido una herramienta fundamental en la vida del ser humano. Desde la época prehistórica, gracias a la caza de mamíferos, el hombre obtenía dos grandes beneficios el alimento y la materia prima, para fabricar prendas de vestir que los protegían del cambio climático y del roce con las diferentes superficies (Martínez, S & Romero J, 2016 & Ramirez, 2014)

Morphometry and Mortality of Nile Tilapia fingerlings in two different treatments with temperature

The objective of this work is to present the mortality rates of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) subjected to two different temperature treatments, the morphometric measurements and body mass in two different phases in terms of age for each temperature and, morphologically identify differences that may be attributed to sexual dimorphism and that will determine the best age to collect animals for gonads analysis. Two treatments with water temperature were performed: 35° C and 25° C. Animals were killed in two steps: 35° C (71 and 92 days after hatching) and 25° C (112 and 131 days after hatching). The mortality record was performed by direct visualization, morphometry and weighing. The sexing was performed by gonadal histopathology. The treatment at 35° C showed lower mortality indicating that the fish would be more suited to higher temperatures. In contrast, the treatment at 25° C showed significant difference between variables and males with when the animals were 131 days after hatching. Through the morphometric data analysis, animals aged less than 131 days after hatching are morphologically able to gonadal identification on the Supreme strain

Perspectivas del sistema agroalimentario regional

Esta publicación constituye una primera aproximación al abordaje sistémico y de la complejidad del sistema agroalimentario regional. La publicación aborda la evolución y trayectoria de los sistemas agroalimentarios y su sustentabilidad, caracteriza las tendencias y cambios globales, analiza las configuraciones locales y regionales de las tendencias, ensaya sobre las políticas públicas situadas del sistema agroalimentario regional, y toma posición sobre cómo construir un sistema agroalimentario sostenible. El documento busca presentar una serie de interrogantes estratégicos sobre los desafíos de la gestión territorial rural para potenciar y promover la seguridad alimentaria. El texto brinda ideas y conceptos para reflexionar y debatir sobre la sustentabilidad futuro del sistema agroalimentario regional de Mendoza y de San Juan.EEA MendozaFil: Perez, Martin Alberto. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Filosofía y Letras; ArgentinaFil: Silva Colomer, Jorge. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Mendoza; ArgentinaFil: Mussetta, Paula Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto de Ciencias Humanas, Sociales y Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Hernandez, Juan Jesus. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez Ibañez, Yanina Griselda. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Instituto de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico para la Agricultura Familiar Región Cuyo (IPAF); ArgentinaFil: Cueto, Walter. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo; ArgentinaFil: Dalmasso, Caterina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Mendoza San Juan; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil. Vitale Gutierrez, Javier Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Centro Regional Mendoza San Juan; ArgentinaFil: Alvarez, Juan Agustín. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina.Fil: Sales, Romina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Científico Tecnológico Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Investigaciones de Zonas Aridas; ArgentinaFil: Quagliariello, Roxana Gaby. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Junín; Argentin

Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use in early acute respiratory distress syndrome : Insights from the LUNG SAFE study

Publisher Copyright: © 2020 The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2020 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.Background: Concerns exist regarding the prevalence and impact of unnecessary oxygen use in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). We examined this issue in patients with ARDS enrolled in the Large observational study to UNderstand the Global impact of Severe Acute respiratory FailurE (LUNG SAFE) study. Methods: In this secondary analysis of the LUNG SAFE study, we wished to determine the prevalence and the outcomes associated with hyperoxemia on day 1, sustained hyperoxemia, and excessive oxygen use in patients with early ARDS. Patients who fulfilled criteria of ARDS on day 1 and day 2 of acute hypoxemic respiratory failure were categorized based on the presence of hyperoxemia (PaO2 > 100 mmHg) on day 1, sustained (i.e., present on day 1 and day 2) hyperoxemia, or excessive oxygen use (FIO2 ≥ 0.60 during hyperoxemia). Results: Of 2005 patients that met the inclusion criteria, 131 (6.5%) were hypoxemic (PaO2 < 55 mmHg), 607 (30%) had hyperoxemia on day 1, and 250 (12%) had sustained hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use occurred in 400 (66%) out of 607 patients with hyperoxemia. Excess FIO2 use decreased from day 1 to day 2 of ARDS, with most hyperoxemic patients on day 2 receiving relatively low FIO2. Multivariate analyses found no independent relationship between day 1 hyperoxemia, sustained hyperoxemia, or excess FIO2 use and adverse clinical outcomes. Mortality was 42% in patients with excess FIO2 use, compared to 39% in a propensity-matched sample of normoxemic (PaO2 55-100 mmHg) patients (P = 0.47). Conclusions: Hyperoxemia and excess oxygen use are both prevalent in early ARDS but are most often non-sustained. No relationship was found between hyperoxemia or excessive oxygen use and patient outcome in this cohort. Trial registration: LUNG-SAFE is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02010073publishersversionPeer reviewe

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults

Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe