Rare Event of Intraoral Kinking of Endotracheal Tube Upon Prone Positioning in a Patient Undergoing Posterior Fossa Surgery

Prone position is commonly employed for many surgical procedures including neurosurgeries, spine surgeries, urological procedures, and in refractory ARDS patients. An endotracheal tube is a conduit to provide a secured airway to the patient. But in case of any equipment failure, it can cause catastrophic events. Intra-oral kinking is a rarer event. It can pose a major troubleshooting standstill owing to the inaccessible view of the kinked portion and the rarity of its occurrence to cross the clinician’s mind in the emergency scenario. We thus report this as the first such case of intraoral kinking against the soft palate in the prone position

Mechanical, electrical and thermal properties of graphene oxide-carbon nanotube/ ABS hybrid polymer nanocomposites

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), functionalized carbon nanotubes (FCNTs) and graphene oxide-carbon nanotube (GCNTs) hybrid Bucky paper (BP) reinforced acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) composites are prepared via vacuum filtration followed by hot compression molding. The nanomechanical, electrical and thermal properties of these BP reinforced ABS composites are studied. The nanoindentation hardness and elastic modulus of GCNTs-ABS hybrid composites reached to 389.98 +/- 91.79 MPa and 7669.6 +/- 1179.12 MPa respectively. Other nanomechanical parameters such as plastic index parameter, elastic recovery, the ratio of residual displacement after load removal and displacement at maximum load are also investigated. The improved nanomechanical properties are correlated with Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). It is found that GCNTs and their composites showed the higher value of defect density. The maximum value of defect density range for GCNTs and GCNTs-ABS is (297.4 to 159.6) and (16.0 to11.6), respectively. The higher defect density of GCNTs indicates that the interfacial interaction between the ABS, which was further correlated with electrical and thermal properties. Additionally, the through-plane electrical conductivities of MWCNTs, FCNTs and GCNTs based ABS composites were 6.5 +/- 0.6, 4.5 +/- 0.7 and 6.97 +/- 1.2 S/cm respectively and thermal conductivities of MWCNTs, FCNTs and GCNTs reinforced ABS composites; 1.80, 1.70 and 1.98 W/mK respectively. These GCNTs-ABS composites with this value of thermal conductivity can be used in various applications of efficient heat dissipative materials for electronic devices

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Dynamic mechanical properties of multiwall carbon nanotube reinforced ABS composites and their correlation with entanglement density, adhesion, reinforcement and C factor

The dynamic mechanical properties of multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNTs) reinforced acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) high performance composites, which were prepared using a micro twin screw extruder with a back flow channel that enabled proper dispersion of MWCNTs into the polymer matrix are studied in detail. The dynamic characteristics of the MWCNTs/ABS composites, such as storage, loss modulus and damping factor were significantly affected by the incorporation of MWCNTs. The dynamic mechanical properties of polymers strongly depend on the adhesion of MWCNTs and polymer and entanglement density of the polymer chains in the presence of MWCNTs. Herein, the entanglement density and C-factor of MWCNTs/ABS composites are evaluated using the dynamic mechanical properties results obtained from a dynamic mechanical analyser and correlated with their mechanical properties. The entanglement density of the MWCNTs/ABS composites increased from 4.31 x 10(4) mol m(-3) (pure ABS) to 7.6 x 10(4) mol m(-3) (5 wt% MWCNTs/ABS composites). C-factor measures the effectiveness of the filler on the modulus of the composites, which decreased from 1.086 (1 wt% MWCNTs/ABS composites) to 0.78 (5 wt% MWCNTs/ABS composites), and beyond this loading, the value of C-factor began to increase; this showed that the utilization of 5 wt% MWCNTs in the ABS matrix is sufficient for their effective use. The "b" factor increased from 6.16 (1 wt% MWCNTs/ABS composites) to 7.625 (5 wt% MWCNT/ABS composites) and after that started to decrease. A larger value of "b" strengthens the MWCNTs/ABS matrix interaction. In addition, Cole-Cole analysis was carried out to understand the phase behaviour of the composites

Abstracts of the International Chemical Engineering Conference 2021: 100 Glorious Years of Chemical Engineering & Technology

This book presents the selected abstracts of the International Chemical Engineering Conference 2021, hosted from the 16th to 19th of September 2021 in virtual mode by the Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Jalandhar, India. Conference Title: International Chemical Engineering Conference 2021Conference Acronym: ICheEC2021Theme: 100 Glorious Years of Chemical Engineering & TechnologyConference Date: 16-19 September 2021Conference Location: OnlineConference Organizer: Department of Chemical Engineering, NIT Jalandhar, Indi