El yacimiento de icnitas de vertebrados de la Hoya de la Sima (Mioceno termina). Jumilla, Murcia, España

En 1997 se descubrió el yacimiento de donde provenían las lajas de yeso con huellas de pisadas de animales y que eran utilizadas para solar bodegas. La cantera de la Hoya de la Sima ha proporcionado numerosos rastros de vertebrados aunque solamente se haya preparado menos de un 10% de su extensión. El equipo del Ayuntamiento de Jumilla y los equipos de investigación geológica han desarrollado conjuntamente un plan de estudio, limpieza y mantenimiento del yacimiento con el fin de protegerlo y promocionar su visita. La edad de los yesos es Messiniense (Mioceno terminal) y la importancia científica reside principalmente en las mismas huellas ya que es la primera vez que se reconocen algunas de ellas de esta edad en España y también en el análisis de su conservación en este tipo de materiales. Es un claro ejemplo del trabajo conjunto entre diferentes equipos en los que se integran entidades locales con la finalidad de reconocer el Patrimonio Geológico de la zona, mantenerlo y prepararlo para su uso con carácter no destructivo. [ABSTRACT] In 1997, the source site for the gypsum layers with animal footprints used to line wine cellars was discovered. The Hoya de la Sima quarry has provided many traces of vertebrates despite the fact that so far less than 10% of its extension has been unveiled. Through collaboration between the town council of Jumilla and several geology research teams, a proposal to study, clean and maintain the site has been drawn up for its protection and to attract visitors. The gypsums have been aged as Messinian (end Miocene) and their scientific value mainly lies in the prints themselves, since this is the first time prints of this age have been identified in Spain, and in their preservation in this type of deposit. This project is the clear result of collaboration among several teams, including those from local institutions, targeted at recognizing the Geological Heritage of the area, and preserving and protecting this natural resource

Transparency in informative content : an analysis of methods in Spanish data journalism (2019-2022)

La crisis de confianza en el periodismo ha aumentado las esperanzas depositadas en la transparencia interna de los contenidos. Las posibilidades técnicas del periodismo de datos y su vinculación con las ciencias sociales suponen una oportunidad para poner en práctica estos valores de apertura y trazabilidad. Esta investigación se centra en las piezas que, en el día a día (no proyectos especiales), produjeron los medios españoles con unidades de datos (n = 10) entre enero de 2019 y abril de 2022. A través de un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo de una muestra aleatoria de artículos (n = 62), este estudio explora la transparencia de las fuentes y el uso de la sección específica de metodología. Los resultados revelan un uso desigual y, en muchas ocasiones, poco frecuente de elementos, como la explicación del proceso de investigación o la posibilidad de descarga de datos. Se observa un mayor desarrollo en los medios nativos digitales y en los proyectos pequeños y especializados, con algunas excepciones. Se constata así la reticencia de algunos medios a implementar los nuevos «rituales de transparencia» y la mayor importancia de la actitud y la iniciativa individual frente a los recursos de las redacciones. Finalmente, se detecta una influencia ambivalente del COVID-19 en estas prácticas, lo que sugiere la necesidad de fomentar una visión crítica del periodismo de datos y la evolución de la transparencia interna del periodismo.La crisi de confiança en el periodisme ha augmentat les esperances dipositades en la transparència interna dels continguts. Les possibilitats tècniques del periodisme de dades i la seva vinculació amb les ciències socials suposen una oportunitat per posar en pràctica aquests valors d'obertura i traçabilitat. Aquesta recerca se centra en les peces que, en el dia a dia (no projectes especials), van produir els mitjans espanyols amb unitats de dades (n = 10) entre gener de 2019 i abril de 2022. A través d'una anàlisi de contingut quantitatiu i qualitatiu d'una mostra aleatòria d'articles (n = 62), aquest estudi explora la transparència de les fonts i l'ús de la secció específica de metodologia. Els resultats revelen un ús desigual i moltes vegades poc freqüent d'elements, com l'explicació del procés de recerca o la possibilitat de descàrrega de dades. S'observa un desenvolupament més gran en els mitjans nadius digitals i en els projectes petits i especialitzats, amb unes quantes excepcions. Es constata així la reticència d'alguns mitjans a implementar els nous «rituals de transparència » i la major importància de l'actitud i la iniciativa individual enfront dels recursos de les redaccions. Finalment, es detecta una influència ambivalent de l COVID-19 en aquestes pràctiques, la qual cosa suggereix la necessitat de fomentar una visió crítica del periodisme de dades i l'evolució de la transparència interna del periodisme.The crisis of confidence in journalism has increased hopes of internal transparency. The technical possibilities of data journalism and its background in social sciences support the values of openness and transparency. This study focuses on the daily journalism produced by the data units of the Spanish media (n=10) between January 2019 and April 2022. Through analysis of quantitative and qualitative content of a random sample of articles (n=62), this study explores the transparency of sources and the use of a methodology section. The results reveal an unequal and, on many occasions, infrequent use of elements such as an explanation of the research process or the possibility for data download. A greater use is observed in native online media and small and specialised projects, with certain exceptions, reflecting the reluctance of some media to implement the new "transparency rituals" and the greater importance of attitude and individual initiative rather than resources. Finally, an ambivalent influence of COVID-19 is detected in these practices, which suggest a critical view of data journalism and the evolution of its transparency

Spatial Analysis of the Relationship between Mortality from Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Disease and Drinking Water Hardness

Previously published scientific papers have reported a negative correlation between drinking water hardness and cardiovascular mortality. Some ecologic and case–control studies suggest the protective effect of calcium and magnesium concentration in drinking water. In this article we present an analysis of this protective relationship in 538 municipalities of Comunidad Valenciana (Spain) from 1991–1998. We used the Spanish version of the Rapid Inquiry Facility (RIF) developed under the European Environment and Health Information System (EUROHEIS) research project. The strategy of analysis used in our study conforms to the exploratory nature of the RIF that is used as a tool to obtain quick and flexible insight into epidemiologic surveillance problems. This article describes the use of the RIF to explore possible associations between disease indicators and environmental factors. We used exposure analysis to assess the effect of both protective factors—calcium and magnesium—on mortality from cerebrovascular (ICD-9 430–438) and ischemic heart (ICD-9 410–414) diseases. This study provides statistical evidence of the relationship between mortality from cardiovascular diseases and hardness of drinking water. This relationship is stronger in cerebrovascular disease than in ischemic heart disease, is more pronounced for women than for men, and is more apparent with magnesium than with calcium concentration levels. Nevertheless, the protective nature of these two factors is not clearly established. Our results suggest the possibility of protectiveness but cannot be claimed as conclusive. The weak effects of these covariates make it difficult to separate them from the influence of socioeconomic and environmental factors. We have also performed disease mapping of standardized mortality ratios to detect clusters of municipalities with high risk. Further standardization by levels of calcium and magnesium in drinking water shows changes in the maps when we remove the effect of these covariates

Transparencia en los contenidos informativos. Un análisis de métodos en el periodismo de datos español (2019-2022)

La crisis de confianza en el periodismo ha aumentado las esperanzas depositadas en la transparencia interna de los contenidos. Las posibilidades técnicas del periodismo de datos y su vinculación con las ciencias sociales suponen una oportunidad para poner en práctica estos valores de apertura y trazabilidad. Esta investigación se centra en las piezas que, en el día a día (no proyectos especiales), produjeron los medios españoles con unidades de datos (n = 10) entre enero de 2019 y abril de 2022. A través de un análisis de contenido cuantitativo y cualitativo de una muestra aleatoria de artículos (n = 62), este estudio explora la transparencia de las fuentes y el uso de la sección específica de metodología. Los resultados revelan un uso desigual y, en muchas ocasiones, poco frecuente de elementos, como la explicación del proceso de investigación o la posibilidad de descarga de datos. Se observa un mayor desarrollo en los medios nativos digitales y en los proyectos pequeños y especializados, con algunas excepciones. Se constata así la reticencia de algunos medios a implementar los nuevos «rituales de transparencia» y la mayor importancia de la actitud y la iniciativa individual frente a los recursos de las redacciones. Finalmente, se detecta una influencia ambivalente del COVID-19 en estas prácticas, lo que sugiere la necesidad de fomentar una visión crítica del periodismo de datos y la evolución de la transparencia interna del periodismo

Consumo de drogas ilegales, apoyo familiar y factores relacionadosen estudiantes universitarios. Un estudio transversal basado en datosdel Proyecto uniHcos

Objective: To assess the prevalence of illegal drug use in college students on any previous occasion, duringthe previous year and the previous month, and to analyze the relationship between illegal drug use andfamily support and other factors.Methods: A cross-sectional study using data from students participating in the uniHcos project (n = 3767)was conducted. The prevalence and age of onset of consumption of cannabis, non-prescription sedatives,stimulants and depressants was evaluated. Polyconsumption was also assessed. The independent vari-ables were: family support, age, residence, and employment status. To determine the factors related todrug use multivariate logistic regression models stratified by gender were fitted.Results: Differences between men and women in prevalence of illegal drug use except non-prescriptionsedatives were observed. In both genders, less family support was associated with higher consumptionof all drugs, except depressants, and with polyconsumption. To be studying and looking for work wasrelated to cannabis and stimulant use and to polyconsumption among women, but only to cannabis useamong men.Conclusions: These results support the notion that the start of university studies is a particularly relevantstage in the onset of illegal drug use and its prevention, and that consumption may be especially associatedwith family support.Objetivo: Evaluar la prevalencia del consumo de drogas ilegales en estudiantes universitarios y analizarla relación entre dicho consumo, el apoyo familiar y otros factores.Método: Se realizó un dise?no transversal basado en datos de participantes en el proyecto uniHcos (n =3767). Se evaluaron la prevalencia y la edad de inicio del consumo de cannabis, tranquilizantes sin receta,estimulantes y depresores, y el policonsumo. Como variables independientes se consideraron el apoyofamiliar, la edad, la residencia y la situación laboral. Para la determinación de los factores asociados alconsumo de drogas se ajustaron modelos de regresión logística estratificados por sexo.Resultados: Se observaron diferencias entre hombres y mujeres en la prevalencia del consumo de todaslas drogas ilegales, excepto tranquilizantes sin receta. En ambos sexos, cuanto peor apoyo familiar, mayorconsumo de todas las drogas, excepto depresores y policonsumo. Encontrarse estudiando y buscandotrabajo se relacionó con el consumo de cannabis, estimulantes y policonsumo en las mujeres, y solo concannabis en los hombres.Conclusiones: Los resultados de este estudio aportan nueva evidencia a favor de que el inicio de la etapauniversitaria es un momento de especial relevancia en el inicio del consumo de drogas ilegales y suprevención, pudiendo este consumo estar especialmente relacionado con el apoyo familiar

Psychological Distress, Family Support and Employment Status in First-Year University Students in Spain

Mental disorders are consistently and closely related to psychological distress. At the start of the university period, the relationship between a student's psychological distress, family support, and employment status is not well-known. The aims of this study were: To determine the prevalence of psychological distress in first-year university students and to analyze its relationship with family support and the student's employment status. Data from 4166 first-year university students from nine universities across Spain were considered. The prevalence of psychological distress was obtained using the GHQ-12, a valid and reliable screening tool to detect poor mental health. To analyze the relationship between psychological distress, family support, and employment status, logistic regression models were fitted. Regarding the prevalence found, 46.9% of men and 54.2% of women had psychological distress. In both genders, psychological distress levels increased as family support decreased. Among women, psychological distress was associated with their employment status. The prevalence of psychological distress among first-year university students in Spain is high. In addition, family support, and employment status for women, could be factors to take into account when developing psychological distress prevention strategies at the beginning of the university period.This study was funded by the National Drug Plan from the Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain (Codes: 2010|145 and 2013|034)

Super-heavy fermion material as metallic refrigerant for adiabatic demagnetization cooling

Low-temperature refrigeration is of crucial importance in fundamental research of condensed matter physics, as the investigations of fascinating quantum phenomena, such as superconductivity, superfluidity and quantum criticality, often require refrigeration down to very low temperatures. Currently, cryogenic refrigerators with $^3$He gas are widely used for cooling below 1 Kelvin. However, usage of the gas is being increasingly difficult due to the current world-wide shortage. Therefore, it is important to consider alternative methods of refrigeration. Here, we show that a new type of refrigerant, super-heavy electron metal, YbCo$_2$Zn$_{20}$, can be used for adiabatic demagnetization refrigeration, which does not require 3He gas. A number of advantages includes much better metallic thermal conductivity compared to the conventional insulating refrigerants. We also demonstrate that the cooling performance is optimized in Yb$_{1-x}$Sc$_x$Co$_2$Zn$_{20}$ by partial Sc substitution with $x\sim$0.19. The substitution induces chemical pressure which drives the materials close to a zero-field quantum critical point. This leads to an additional enhancement of the magnetocaloric effect in low fields and low temperatures enabling final temperatures well below 100 mK. Such performance has up to now been restricted to insulators. Since nearly a century the same principle of using local magnetic moments has been applied for adiabatic demagnetization cooling. This study opens new possibilities of using itinerant magnetic moments for the cryogen-free refrigeration

Post-Franco Theatre

In the multiple realms and layers that comprise the contemporary Spanish theatrical landscape, “crisis” would seem to be the word that most often lingers in the air, as though it were a common mantra, ready to roll off the tongue of so many theatre professionals with such enormous ease, and even enthusiasm, that one is prompted to wonder whether it might indeed be a miracle that the contemporary technological revolution – coupled with perpetual quandaries concerning public and private funding for the arts – had not by now brought an end to the evolution of the oldest of live arts, or, at the very least, an end to drama as we know it