31 research outputs found
Modélisation des interfaces utilisateur intelligentes pour les environnements informatisés dédiés à l'apprentissage humain
Les interfaces utilisateur intelligentes (IUI) est un domaine de recherche relativement jeune et pluridisciplinaire, car il fait appel Ă l'ingĂ©nierie des connaissances et au domaine des interfaces personne-machine. Nous avons choisi un cadre spĂ©cifique, les environnements informatisĂ©s dĂ©diĂ©s Ă l'apprentissage humain (EIAH), pour ainsi bien cibler nos recherches. En Ă©tudiant la documentation scientifique sur les IUI dans des EIAH, nos recherches ont montrĂ© qu'il y a absence de modĂšle pour construire des IUI efficaces. Pour remĂ©dier ce problĂšme, nous proposons un modĂšle gĂ©nĂ©rique d'IUI qui intĂšgre cinq composantes d'interface pour amĂ©liorer les EIAH. Ce modĂšle a Ă©tĂ© construit Ă partir de l'Ă©tude des critĂšres d'Ă©valuation d'interfaces et de l'Ă©tude d'IUI dans des EIAH existantes. Ce modĂšle a pour but de crĂ©er des IUI qui rĂ©pondent mieux aux besoins des utilisateurs, qui amĂ©liorent l'interaction entre l'humain et la machine, et donc aident les personnes dans leur apprentissage. De plus, il se veut un guide afin de faciliter la conception de ces IUI. Ce modĂšle a Ă©tĂ© mis Ă l'Ă©preuve par une Ă©valuation heuristique par des experts afin de dĂ©montrer que notre modĂšle atteint bien ses objectifs. L'intĂ©gration des cinq composantes rend les IUI plus efficaces et de meilleure qualitĂ© et leur description peut facilement ĂȘtre rĂ©utilisable pour toute autre conception d'IUI de EIAH. Cependant, la mise Ă jour rĂ©guliĂšre du modĂšle s'avĂšre nĂ©cessaire et une description plus formelle des composantes pourraient ĂȘtre proposĂ©es
Critical role of C/EBPÎŽ and C/EBPÎČ factors in the stimulation of the cyclooxygenase-2 gene transcription by interleukin-1ÎČ in articular chondrocytes
Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66367/1/j.1432-1033.2000.01778.x.pd
Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe
Analysis of diurnal to seasonal variability of Integrated Water Vapour in the South Indian Ocean basin using groundâbased GNSS and fifthâgeneration ECMWF reanalysis (ERA5) data
International audienceThe spatial and temporal distribution of tropospheric water vapour in the South Indian Ocean (SIO) basin is investigated using observations collected from twelve GNSS stations spanning the basin. The comparison of GNSSâderived integrated water vapour (IWV) content against radiosoundings and satelliteâborne microwave radiometer data shows good agreement, with global uncertainties ranging from 0.76 to 1.17 kg·mâ2, depending on GNSS station locations. GNSSâderived IWV contents show a strong seasonal cycle, characterized by higher water vapour content during the austral summer, when the InterTropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is located in the Southern Hemisphere. At the seasonal timeâscale, the observed annual IWV amplitude varies from 10 to 15 kg·mâ2 near the Equator to 20 to 30 kg·mâ2 in the Subtropics. The GNSS IWV signature of the MaddenâJulian Oscillation (MJO) is hardly noticeable during the Austral winter, but varies from 1â2 to 4 kg·mâ2 between the active and suppressed phases of the MJO during austral summer. At diurnal timeâscales, GNSS IWV shows larger diurnal amplitude over land (2â3 kg·mâ2) than over open ocean (1â2 kg·mâ2), with highest amplitudes (up to 7 kg·mâ2) observed over large and mountainous islands. The phase analysis of the IWV diurnal cycle indicates that the diurnal maximum (minimum) is reached in the late afternoon/evening (morning) over land, at night (midâday) over ocean and in the early morning (late afternoon) at coastal locations. A comparison of GNSSâderived IWV contents against fifthâgeneration European Centre for Mediumârange Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Reanalysis (ERA5) data shows that ERA5 generally correctly reproduces the IWV content at both seasonal, intraâseasonal and diurnal timeâscales, although some discrepancies can be noticed over small islands characterised by steep orography. The signature of the MJO in ERA5 also shows good agreement with GNSS observations at most studied locations. Location of the twelve groundâbased GNSS stations (circles) and the five radiosonde stations (triangles) used in this study. Insert shows the locations of new GNSS research stations recently deployed in the southwest Indian Ocean basin in the framework of the Indian Ocean GNSS Applications for Meteorology (IOGA4MET) research program. Red, blue and green colours indicate the three transects discussed in the paper
: Quels changements aprĂšs lâarasement des barrages de Vezins et la Roche-qui-Boit ?
Volet 4 (sociogéographique) du Programme de suivi scientifique de l'arasement des barrages de la Sélun
High-dose vitamin-C induced prolonged factitious hyperglycemia in a peritoneal dialysis patient: a case report
Abstract
Background
High-dose vitamin C is increasingly used for sepsis and more recently for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections. Proponents argue that the low cost and near perfect safety profile of vitamin C support its early adoption. Yet, adverse events might be underreported and underappreciated.
Case presentation
We report a 73-year-old non-diabetic white man with end-stage renal disease on peritoneal dialysis admitted to the intensive care unit with septic shock that was suspected to be due to peritonitis. The patient was enrolled in LOVIT (Lessening Organ Dysfunction with VITamin C; ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03680274), a randomized placebo-controlled trial of high-dose intravenous vitamin C. He developed factitious hyperglycemia, as measured with a point-of-care glucometer, that persisted for 6 days after discontinuation of the study drug, confirmed to be vitamin C after unblinding. He also had short-lived iatrogenic coma because of hypoglycemia secondary to insulin administration. These events triggered a protocol amendment.
Conclusions
Although factitious hyperglycemia has been reported before using certain glucometers in patients treated with high-dose vitamin C, the persistence of this phenomenon for 6 days after the discontinuation of the therapy is a distinguishing feature. This case highlights the importance of monitoring glucose with a core laboratory assay for up to a week in specific populations, such as patients on peritoneal dialysis
Lâatlas des territoires dâintĂ©rĂȘt pour la conservation dans les basses-terres du Saint-Laurent : un outil pour orienter la conservation des milieux naturels dans le sud du QuĂ©bec
Comparativement au reste du QuĂ©bec, les basses-terres du Saint-Laurent (BTSL) sont connues pour hĂ©berger une grande diversitĂ© biologique et de nombreuses espĂšces en situation prĂ©caire. Câest aussi lĂ que se concentrent les activitĂ©s anthropiques qui portent atteinte Ă lâintĂ©gritĂ© des Ă©cosystĂšmes. Un atlas des territoires dâintĂ©rĂȘt a Ă©tĂ© produit pour dĂ©terminer les territoires des BTSL oĂč des actions de conservation sont requises (Jobin et collab., 2019a). Les cibles de conservation (filtre grossier) retenues sont les milieux forestiers, les milieux humides, les milieux ouverts (friches, prairies agricoles) et les milieux aquatiques. Les sites dâintĂ©rĂȘt ont Ă©tĂ© dĂ©terminĂ©s par la sĂ©lection de ceux ayant une trĂšs haute valeur de conservation (prĂ©sence dâespĂšces en situation prĂ©caire, dâaires protĂ©gĂ©es, etc.), puis par une analyse de priorisation multicritĂšre. Des Ă©lĂ©ments du filtre fin sont aussi illustrĂ©s (p. ex., des frayĂšres ou des colonies dâoiseaux). Cet article prĂ©sente un survol des rĂ©sultats de lâatlas des BTSL, des applications des rĂ©sultats et des possibilitĂ©s dâutilisation pour les acteurs actifs en conservation des milieux naturels au QuĂ©bec. Puisque les donnĂ©es gĂ©ospatiales associĂ©es aux sites dâintĂ©rĂȘt sont disponibles, les utilisateurs peuvent les consulter pour connaĂźtre prĂ©cisĂ©ment lâemplacement des sites dâintĂ©rĂȘt et adapter lâanalyse de ces donnĂ©es Ă leur rĂ©alitĂ© territoriale.Compared to the rest of Quebec (Canada), the St. Lawrence Lowlands (SLL) exhibit a particularly high biological diversity, and are home to many species at risk. This part of the province is also where anthropogenic activities that affect ecosystem integrity are concentrated. An atlas of sites of conservation interest within the SLL has recently been produced to identify locations where conservation actions are required (Jobin et al., 2019a). The conservation targets (coarse filter) are woodlands, wetlands, open habitats (e.g., old fields and perennial crops) and aquatic environments. Sites of interest were determined by first selecting those of very high conservation value (e.g., presence of species at risk and protected areas), followed by a multi-criteria prioritization analysis. Local sites of importance for biodiversity (fine filter) are also provided, such as fish spawning grounds and bird colonies. This article presents an overview of the results of the atlas, possible applications of the results and potential uses for stakeholders involved in the conservation of natural areas in Quebec. As geospatial data are available for the sites of interest, users can identify their location and adapt the information presented to their particular area