Gradient-Based Eigenvalue Optimization for Electromagnetic Cavities with Built-in Mode Matching

Shape optimization with respect to eigenvalues of a cavity plays an important role in the design of new resonators or in the optimization of existing ones. In our paper, we propose a gradient-based optimization scheme, which we enhance with closed-form shape derivatives of the system matrices. Based on these, we can compute accurate derivatives of eigenvalues, eigenmodes and the cost function with respect to the geometry, which significantly reduces the computational effort of the optimizer. We demonstrate our work by applying it to the 9-cell TESLA cavity, for which we tune the design parameters of the computational model to match the design criteria for devices in realistic use cases. Since eigenvalues may cross during the shape optimization of a cavity, we propose a new algorithm based on an eigenvalue matching procedure, to ensure the optimization of the desired mode in order to also enable successful matching along large shape variations

Treatment recommendation differences for schizophrenia and major depression: a population-based study in a Vietnamese cohort

Background: In Vietnam, the mental health care infrastructure is on the verge of transformation with an increase in the demand for access to adequate and effective mental health care services. Public attitudes towards mental illness, as well as corresponding treatment options influence help-seeking behaviors of patients and caregivers, affecting the course of their treatment. This study assesses attitudes towards treatment options for depression and schizophrenia, as the two most common psychiatric disorders in Vietnam, accounting for at least 75% of all psychiatric inpatients. Methods: A general population-based survey was conducted in Hanoi, Vietnam between April and August 2013. Participants received a description of a person with symptoms of either depression (n=326) or schizophrenia (n=403) and were asked to give recommendations for adequate sources of mental health support and treatment options. Multiple analyses on a single item level compared the likelihood of recommendation between schizophrenia and depression. Results: Overall, respondents recommended health care services, ranging from seeking mental health care professionals, psychotherapists, and psychiatrists for both disorders. Psychotherapy was the most favored treatment method, whereas further treatment options, such as concentration and relaxation exercises, meditation or yoga and psychotropic medication were also endorsed as helpful. For the schizophrenia vignette condition, psychotherapy, visiting a psychiatrist or psychotherapist received stronger endorsement rates as compared to the depression vignette. Furthermore, ECT, Feng Shui-based practices, praying and visiting natural healers were recommended less by respondents for the depression vignette in comparison with the schizophrenia vignette. Conclusions: The Vietnamese public endorsed evidence-based treatment recommendations from a variety of treatments options. Differences in the treatment recommendations between depression and schizophrenia reflected the perceived severity of each disorder. Further developments of the Vietnamese mental health care system concerning mental health care providers, as well as the legal regulations surrounding the provision of psychotherapy are needed

Integrated Micro/Nanoengineered Functional Biomaterials for Cell Mechanics and Mechanobiology: A Materials Perspective

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/106681/1/adma201304431.pd

Recycling of Brush Polymer Containing Iridium Photocatalyst supported on Glass Balls

International audienceThe synthesis of the first glass-supported iridium photocatalyst is reported. The use of brush polymer to covalently link the iridium ancillary ligand (2,2-bipyridine derivative) to the glass, allows 0.5 wt% of iridium loading on 9-13 µm glass balls. Cross dehydrogenative coupling (CDC) was selected as a benchmark reaction of photoredox reaction. The photocatalytic material has been recycled 10 time without loss of activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first functionalization of glass spheres for photocatalytic applications

Guidelines for the use of flow cytometry and cell sorting in immunological studies

International audienceThe classical model of hematopoiesis established in the mouse postulates that lymphoid cells originate from a founder population of common lymphoid progenitors. Here, using a modeling approach in humanized mice, we showed that human lymphoid development stemmed from distinct populations of CD127(-) and CD127(+) early lymphoid progenitors (ELPs). Combining molecular analyses with in vitro and in vivo functional assays, we demonstrated that CD127(-) and CD127(+) ELPs emerged independently from lympho-mono-dendritic progenitors, responded differently to Notch1 signals, underwent divergent modes of lineage restriction, and displayed both common and specific differentiation potentials. Whereas CD127(-) ELPs comprised precursors of T cells, marginal zone B cells, and natural killer (NK) and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), CD127(+) ELPs supported production of all NK cell, ILC, and B cell populations but lacked T potential. On the basis of these results, we propose a "two-family" model of human lymphoid development that differs from the prevailing model of hematopoiesis