Techonology Based Strategic Alliances: A Turkish Perspective

Strategic alliances can be as simple as two companies sharing their technological and/or marketing resources. In this context, strategic alliances help firms in an entrepreneurial way by allowing them to reorganize their value chain activities more effectively. Business alliances can assist organizations to acquire the means to compete within an ever complex and changing environment and it provide firms with market knowledge, open up access to know-how and technology. This study focuses on the technology related alliances from 2002 to 2005 in Turkey.Strategic Alliances; Techology Based Alliances; Compatitive Power

Reassembling the political: the PKK and the project of radical democracy

One of the most important secular political movements in the Middle East, the Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) underwent a profound transformation in the 2000s. What the PKK has experienced in this period was a comprehensive restructuration of its organization, ideology and political-military struggle, changing its course towards a project of radical democracy. In this article we explore the content of this new project, and its practical implications. Through this discussion, our study addresses a gap in Turkish and Kurdish studies. Only few studies deal explicitly with the political ideology of the PKK. The data for this article has been collected through a study of Öcalan’s defence texts and his ‘prison notes’, along with key PKK documents, such as congress reports, formal decisions and the writings of its cadre, such as Mustafa Karasu. We conclude that the project for radical democracy is based on the conception of ‘politics beyond the state, political organisation beyond the party, and political subjectivity beyond class’ and can have the opportunity to change the centralist tradition in Turkish political system as well as the statist and class reductionist political thought in the Left in Turkey

Artroskopik yardımlı mini-açık yöntem ile rotator manşet tamiri yapılan hastalarda gözetimli fizyoterapi programı ile ev egzersiz programının sonuçlarının karşılaştırılması

Objectives: This study aims to compare the results of supervised exercise program versus standardized home-based exercise program after rotator cuff repair with respect to severity of pain, functional status, quality of life, and depression. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight patients (5 males, 23 females; mean age 59.8 +/- 9.1 years; range 40 to 83 years) who had rotator cuff repair were evaluated. Patients were divided into two groups and the first group was treated with supervised physiotherapy (n=15) and the second group was treated with home-based exercise program (n=13). Pendulum exercises and passive exercises within pain limits were performed by all patients in the six-week immobilization period with shoulder sling with abduction pillow after rotator cuff repair. After this period, the patients in home-based exercise program were taught to perform active exercises and the patients in supervised physiotherapy group were treated with active shoulder range of motion exercises under the supervision of the physiotherapist. When patients reached to active full range of motion, strengthening exercises were added to exercise program. Patients were assessed preoperatively and at the end of the postoperative third month. Pain was evaluated with visual analog scale (VAS), functional status with Constant shoulder score, quality of life with short form-36 (SF-36), and depressive symptoms with Beck depression inventory (BDI). Results: There were significant improvements in all evaluation parameters in both groups after rotator cuff repair. Conclusion: There were no statistical differences between the patients who received exercise program under the supervision of the physiotherapist and the patients who were treated with standardized home-based exercise program for the efficacy of treatment in the evaluation of pain, functional status, quality of life, and depression status. When the rehabilitation programs were analyzed for cost effectiveness, the supervised physiotherapy group was found to have higher costs.Amaç: Bu çalışmada rotator manşet tamiri sonrası uygulanan gözetimli fizyoterapi programı ile standardize edilmiş ev egzersiz programının ağrı şiddeti, fonksiyonel durum, yaşam kalitesi ve depresyon durumu açısından sağladığı sonuçlar karşılaştırıldı. Hastalar ve yöntemler: Rotator manşet tamiri yapılan toplam 28 hasta (5 erkek, 23 kadın; ort. yaş 59.8±9.1 yıl; dağılım 40-83 yıl) değerlendirildi. Hastalar iki gruba ayrıldı, birinci gruba gözetimli fizik tedavi (n=15), ikinci gruba ev egzersiz programı (n=13) ile tedavi uygulandı. Tüm hastalara rotator manşet tamiri sonrası altı haftalık omuz abdüksiyon yastıklı kol askısı ile immobilizasyon döneminde ağrı sınırı içinde sarkaç egzersizleri ve pasif egzersizler uygulandı. Bu dönemi takiben ev egzersiz programı grubundaki hastalara aktif egzersizler öğretildi ve gözetimli fizyoterapi grubundaki hastalara fizyoterapist gözetiminde aktif omuz eklem hareket açıklığı egzersizleri yaptırıldı. Hastalar tam aktif eklem hareket açıklığına ulaşınca, egzersiz programına kuvvetlendirme egzersizleri eklendi. Çalışmada hastalar cerrahi öncesi ve sonrası 3. ay sonunda değerlendirildi. Ağrı şiddeti görsel analog skala (GAS) ile fonksiyonel durum Constant omuz skoru ile yaşam kalitesi kısa form-36 (KF-36) ile depresif semptomlar ise Beck depresyon envanteri (BDE) ile değerlendirildi. Bulgular: Her iki grupta da rotator manşet tamiri sonrası tüm değerlendirme verilerinde anlamlı düzeyde gelişme gözlendi. Sonuç: Fizyoterapist gözetiminde egzersiz programı alan hastalar ile standardize edilmiş ev egzersiz programı ile tedavi edilen hastalar arasında, ağrı, fonksiyonel durum, yaşam kalitesi ve depresif durum değerlendirmelerinde tedavi etkinliği için istatistiksel farklılık yoktu. Rehabilitasyon programları maliyet-etkinlik açısından incelendiğinde gözetimli fizyoterapi grubunun daha yüksek maliyete sahip olduğu bulundu

Functional results of local corticosteroid injections in the management of shoulder pain

Objective: To investigate the intensity of pain, range of motion (ROM) of shoulder and functional status in patients with shoulder pain after subacromial injection. Methodology: Mixed injection which was composed of 1cc/40 mg metilprednizolon asetat and 1 cc/9 mg bupivacaine was applied into subacromial zone for patients with shoulder pain. Patients were evaluated before injection and three months, one year after injection. ROM was measured with goniometer. Pain was evaluated with Visual Analog Scale (VAS). General condition of extremities was evaluated with Constant Shoulder Score and functional status of shoulder was evaluated with Turkish version of Disabilities of Arm, Shoulder and Hand (DASH-T). Short Form-36 was used to assess general health status of the patients. Beck Depression Scale was used for evaluation of depressive symptoms. Results: Sixty two patients were evaluated. Mean age was 51.16 +/- 10.58 years. It was observed that there was significant decrease for pain intensity and BDI scores, and significant increase for ROM of shoulder. Significant improvement in the functional status of upper extremities was also observed in these patients. Conclusion: Improvements for functional status of upper extremities and pain relief in patients with shoulder pain at short term after injection was observed

Türk Büyükelçiliği Başmüsteşarı Zeytinoğlu yeni açıklamalar yaptı:Ermeni teröristlere silah sağlayan tespit edilemedi

Taha Toros Arşivi, Dosya No: 77/A-Ermenilerİstanbul Kalkınma Ajansı (TR10/14/YEN/0033) İstanbul Development Agency (TR10/14/YEN/0033