The Parthenon, September 19, 2018

The Parthenon, Marshall University’s student newspaper, was published by students Monday through Friday during the regular semester and weekly on Thursdays during the summer. Due to budgetary constraints, beginning with the 2018 Fall semester, the newspaper is only published one day a week. The editorial staff is responsible for the news and the editorial content

Aesthetic Value, Artistic Value, and Morality

This entry surveys issues at the intersection of art and morality. Particular emphasis is placed on whether, and in what way, the moral character of a work of art influences its artistic value. Other topics include the educational function of art and artistic censorship

Alternate wetting and drying in Bangladesh : Water saving farming practice and the socioeconomic barriers to its adoption

The compilation of this review was funded by a grant given to the authors by the University of Aberdeen.Peer reviewedPublisher PD

The twilight of the Liberal Social Contract? On the Reception of Rawlsian Political Liberalism

This chapter discusses the Rawlsian project of public reason, or public justification-based 'political' liberalism, and its reception. After a brief philosophical rather than philological reconstruction of the project, the chapter revolves around a distinction between idealist and realist responses to it. Focusing on political liberalism’s critical reception illuminates an overarching question: was Rawls’s revival of a contractualist approach to liberal legitimacy a fruitful move for liberalism and/or the social contract tradition? The last section contains a largely negative answer to that question. Nonetheless the chapter's conclusion shows that the research programme of political liberalism provided and continues to provide illuminating insights into the limitations of liberal contractualism, especially under conditions of persistent and radical diversity. The programme is, however, less receptive to challenges to do with the relative decline of the power of modern states

Constitutivism

A brief explanation and overview of constitutivism

Philosophy of action

The philosophical study of human action begins with Plato and Aristotle. Their influence in late antiquity and the Middle Ages yielded sophisticated theories of action and motivation, notably in the works of Augustine and Aquinas.1 But the ideas that were dominant in 1945 have their roots in the early modern period, when advances in physics and mathematics reshaped philosophy

The price of olympic gold

Etude économique sur le soutien financier apporté par le gouvernement australien, via l'Australian Sports Commission (ASC) et l'Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) au sport australien de haut niveau et à ses athlètes sélectionnés pour les Jeux Olympiques au cours de 5 olympiades, de 1976/77 à 1995/96

Novel lanthanide structures: fluorinated alkoxides, chalcogenido alkoxides, fluorides, and oxychalcogenido clusters

A number of novel lanthanide alkoxide species were synthesized with fluorinated ligands. This includes monomers with pentafluorophenol, (DME)2Ln(OC6F5)3 (Ln = Nd, Er, Tm, Eu, and Yb), (py)4Ln(OC6F5)3 (Ln = Eu, Tb, Er, Tm, Yb), and (THF)3Yb(OC6F5)3. Unique europium species, ((py)3Eu(CF3SO3)2)n, (DME)2Eu(µ-OC6F5)3Eu(µ-OC6F5)3Eu(DME)2, and (DME)( C6F5O)2Eu(µ-OC6F5)3Eu(DME)2, were also produced. Most reactions proceeded by metathesis of lanthanide chalcogenolates, but direct redox reaction of elemental lanthanide with C6F5OH or CF3SO3H catalyzed by Hg also proved to be viable routes. The Eu(II) trimer was only synthesized through direct oxidation of the metal with the alcohol. Photoluminescence of (DME)2Ln(OC6F5)3 (Ln = Nd, Er, Tm) was tested, and they exhibited high quantum efficiency for lanthanide monomers. Two series of dimers, (py)6Ln2(OC6F5)2(µ-η2-SS)2 (Ln = Sm, Eu, and Gd) and (py)6Ln2(CF3SO3)2(Se)x (Ln = Sm, Tm, Yb, and Lu; x = 3 or 4), were synthesized via substitution of EPh-. The europium dimer is the first example of a Eu(III) molecular sulfido species which is extremely dark due to strong, broad LMCT from the sulfido. The selenidos display a conspicuous coordination change resulting from the relatively small difference in Ln ionic radii forming (py)6Ln2(CF3SO3)2(µ-η2-SeSe)( µ-Se) for small late lanthanides and (py)6Ln2(CF3SO3)2(µ-η2-Se)2 for larger early lanthanides. Three fluorido clusters were synthesized without the use of traditional fluoride sources. (DME)6(py)6Nd18(C6F5O)18 F24O3S3 was produced from a reaction of neodymium phenylselenolate with C6F5OH and sulfur. (py)8Yb4F8(CF3SO3)4 and (DME)4Tb4(CF3SO3)6F2S2 were synthesized from lanthanide chalcogenolates, elemental chalcogens, and CF3SO3H. Cleavage of C-F bonds to form these clusters appears to be a slow reaction. Most reactions producing them took several months. Lanthanide oxychalcogenido clusters were produced from reacting lanthanide chalcogenolates with pySO3 or TeO2 and Te. (THF)8Ln8O2S2(SePh)16 (Ln = Ce, Nd) clusters were synthesized from “Ln(SePh)3” and pySO3. Reactions of “Ln(TePh)3”, TeO2 and Te produced [(py)5Ln3O(Te2)3(TePh)][(py)7Ln4Te(Te2)2(Te2Te(Ph)Te2)(TePh)] (Ln = Ho, Er), [(etpy)11Ho6O4Te4TePh] [Hg(TePh)3] and [(4etpy)12Yb6O4Te4][Hg(TePh)3] [(TePh)3].Ph. D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Kieran James Norto