Introduction to Forum: The Hemispheric French Atlantic

“The Hemispheric French Atlantic” begins to suture a transatlantic to a hemispheric spatiality by tracing out the movement of texts, figures, and traditions within a complex and kinetic circulatory system that moves beyond the geometric model imagined by studies of the French Atlantic triangle. In tracking the discourses of politics, literature, and anthropology through a hemispheric French Atlantic space complicated by race and slavery, these five literary critical essays focus on the legacies of violence and promise that radiate through time and space from the Haitian revolutionary moment, spiraling across and beyond the long nineteenth century while circling across and around the wider Atlantic world. The forum insists on the inclusion of an extensive and under-studied archive of Francophone texts in our literary histories of the period and field, while also suggesting the need for greater flexibility in constructing the narratives through which we study literature, culture, and politics. They call especially for greater study and interrogation of the role of translation—not just between languages but between geographical locations and political orientations—in the post-revolutionary nineteenth century

Review: Time and Space in American Literary History

In one of the 26 contributing essays to Finding Colonial Americas, Kevin Hayes reconstructs the reading experience of the early eighteenth-century historian Thomas Prince, who scrupulously read the Virginia texts of John Smith and consulted French historiographic as well as English and colonial American historical texts before writing his own history of New England. The essay wonderfully illustrates the dependence of this local history on a transregional and intercontinental network of texts. The many books Prince consulted helped him to define the temporal mode of his history as well as its spatial shape, for among Prince\u27s sources was Pierre Le Mayne\u27s 1695 Of the Art Both of Writing and Judging of History, which distinguishes between history- a continued Relation, that has all its Parts fastned together, as those of the Body or regular Edifice - and annals - a collection whose Parts not being joyn\u27d, without Correspondence, without Union, are only rude Heaps of Materials (Le Mayne 54; qtd. in Finding Colonial Americas 367-68). While this distinction between history and annals might seem somewhat simplistic, it is also quite thought-provoking in the context of the two titles under review here and their implicit engagement with forms ofliterary historical narrative. Emory Elliott\u27s Cambridge Introduction to Early American Literature and Carla Mulford and David Shields\u27s edited collection Finding Colonial Americas offer representations of the scope and shape of colonial American literature and culture that are as different in their form as in their content. In fact, while one is quite clearly a completed story, the other might more accurately be called an unfinished map, such that reading these two books together generates critical and fascinating questions about the temporal and spatial frameworks that have organized (or may yet organize) American literary history and have determined (or may yet determine) colonial America\u27s place in that history

The use of the lyric in Shakespearean drama

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University, 1929. This item was digitized by the Internet Archive

Esterification with sulfuric acid

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston Universit

Investigations into variation in growth performance of cattle at pasture : a thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Masters in Applied Science (Animal Science) at Massey University

The aim of this experiment was to examine relationships between the growth rate (LWG) and estimates of voluntary feed intake, feed conversion efficiency (GFE), temperament, susceptibility to chronic (longer-term) stress, indices of mature weight and indices of metabolic rate within groups of similar cattle run together. Sixty Hereford x Angus cross 9 month old male cattle (30 bulls and 30 steers) were allocated to either the fastest growing two-thirds or slowest growing third (Restricted-Slow Group (RS)), based on their growth rate over a 100 day period commencing on d0. The fastest growing two-thirds were randomly allocated between the Fast (F) and Restricted-Fast (RF) groups. Restriction of growth of the RF and RS treatment groups commenced on d112. Treatment group F cattle (10 bulls, 10 steers) were grown rapidly to achieve slaughter weights of 550 and 525kg for bulls and steers at 16-18 months of age, respectively. Treatment group RS and RF were fed to achieve a similar weight at about 25 months of age. The trial was therefore a 3 x 2 factorial with 3 growth path groups and 2 castration groups. Bulls gained 18% faster than steers in the F treatment group up to slaughter (1.10±0.03 and 0.93±0.03kg/d, respectively, P<0.001). No significant difference was found between live weight gains of bulls and steers of the RF and RS groups(0.56±0.02 vs. 0.51±0.02kg/d, respectively, NS). Organic matter intakes (OMI) measured using chromium intraruminal capsules ranged between 1.45-170,1.19-1.53, 0.89-1.02 and 0.94-1.20kg OMI/100kg LWT/d for the four separate intake periods. These values were all lower than predicted values, reflecting possible poor pasture quality and/or inaccurate measurement of OMI. During the d90-100 period under ad libitum feeding the bulls were significantly more efficient than the steers (0.24±0.01 vs. 0.18±0.01kg LWG/kg OMI,P<0.001), and F and RF cattle had significantly higher feed conversion efficiency (GFE) than RS cattle (0.23±0.0l vs. 0.16±0.02 kg LWG/kg OMI, P<0.005). During the later intake periods the fast-growing F treatment group was significantly more efficient at food conversion than the restricted groups (RF and RS) on all occasions. No differences in temperament, as assessed by stepping rate and subjective scoring in a weigh crate, and flight distance measures, were found between bulls and steers. The RF treatment group had a consistently lower, but not always significantly different, temperament scores than the F or RS groups. Plasma cortisol levels were significantly (P<0.001) lower in bulls than in steers on all occasions. No sex differences existed in muscle glycogen content. Weight-adjusted withers heights was lower (P<0.05) in bulls than in steers on d208, 306 and 579, however there was no differences between the treatment groups. At slaughter the treatment F cattle had shorter carcass lengths, lighter livers, greater fat depths and kidney fat weights (P<0.001) than the RF and RS groups. Bulls had shorter femur bones, lower fat depth and kidney fat weight and liver weights, than steers (P<0.005) of the same carcass weight. Relationships were evaluated across all 60 cattle together by expressing each trait as a residual for each animal relative to the mean for its sex by treatment group. Measures of average daily gain, OMI, GFE and muscle glycogen levels were not very repeatable over time as measured by correlation coefficients. Temperament indices (range 0.31-0.71, P<0.05) and cortisol levels (range 0.29-0.48, P<0.05) were repeatable over time. Weight-adjusted height measurements (range 0.36-0.48, P<0.01) were also repeatable when all 60 cattle were measured. Relationships were investigated between various measurements and LWG prior to the measurement, LWG to 16 months of age and LWG to slaughter. No significant consistent relationships were observed between various long-term growth rates and either GFE, temperament, indices of-mature weight or -chronic stress. Moderate but inconsistent relationships were found between OMI and longer-term gain. It appears from this study that no consistent relationships between the various measurements and longer-term LWG exist in the cattle studied

Robust filtering for a class of stochastic uncertain nonlinear time-delay systems via exponential state estimation

Copyright [2001] IEEE. This material is posted here with permission of the IEEE. Such permission of the IEEE does not in any way imply IEEE endorsement of any of Brunel University's products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. However, permission to reprint/republish this material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution must be obtained from the IEEE by writing to [email protected]. By choosing to view this document, you agree to all provisions of the copyright laws protecting it.We investigate the robust filter design problem for a class of nonlinear time-delay stochastic systems. The system under study involves stochastics, unknown state time-delay, parameter uncertainties, and unknown nonlinear disturbances, which are all often encountered in practice and the sources of instability. The aim of this problem is to design a linear, delayless, uncertainty-independent state estimator such that for all admissible uncertainties as well as nonlinear disturbances, the dynamics of the estimation error is stochastically exponentially stable in the mean square, independent of the time delay. Sufficient conditions are proposed to guarantee the existence of desired robust exponential filters, which are derived in terms of the solutions to algebraic Riccati inequalities. The developed theory is illustrated by numerical simulatio

Impact of time to appropriate therapy on mortality in patients with vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus infection

Despite the increasing incidence of vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) infections, few studies have examined the impact of delay in receipt of appropriate antimicrobial therapy on outcomes in VISA patients. We examined the effects of timing of appropriate antimicrobial therapy in a cohort of patients with sterile-site methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and VISA infections. In this single-center, retrospective cohort study, we identified all patients with MRSA or VISA sterile-site infections from June 2009 to February 2015. Clinical outcomes were compared according to MRSA/VISA classification, demographics, comorbidities, and antimicrobial treatment. Thirty-day all-cause mortality was modeled with Kaplan-Meier curves. Multivariate logistic regression analysis (MVLRA) was used to determine odds ratios for mortality. We identified 354 patients with MRSA (n = 267) or VISA (n = 87) sterile-site infection. Fifty-five patients (15.5%) were nonsurvivors. Factors associated with mortality in MVLRA included pneumonia, unknown source of infection, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APACHE) II score, solid-organ malignancy, and admission from skilled care facilities. Time to appropriate antimicrobial therapy was not significantly associated with outcome. Presence of a VISA infection compared to that of a non-VISA S. aureus infection did not result in excess mortality. Linezolid use was a risk for mortality in patients with APACHE II scores of ≥14. Our results suggest that empirical vancomycin use in patients with VISA infections does not result in excess mortality. Future studies should (i) include larger numbers of patients with VISA infections to confirm the findings presented here and (ii) determine the optimal antibiotic therapy for critically ill patients with MRSA and VISA infections