The Results of MINOS and the Future with MINOS+

The MINOS experiment took data from 2005 up until 2012. This was superseded by MINOS+, the continuation of the two-detector, on-axis, long-baseline experiment based at Fermilab, and at the Soudan Underground Laboratory in northern Minnesota. By searching for the deficit of muon neutrinos at the Far Detector, MINOS/MINOS+ is sensitive to the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters $\Delta m^{2}_{32}$ and $\theta_{23}$. By using the full MINOS data set looking at both \numu disappearance and \nue appearance in both neutrino and anti-neutrino configurations at the NuMI beam along with atmospheric neutrino data recorded at the FD, MINOS has made the most precise measurement of $\Delta m^{2}_{32}$. Using a full three-flavour framework and searching for \nue appearance MINOS/MINOS+ gains sensitivity to $\theta_{13}$, the mass hierarchy and the octant of $\theta_{23}$. Exotic phenomenon is also explored with the MINOS detectors looking for non-standard interactions and sterile neutrinos. The current MINOS+ era goals are to build on the previous MINOS results improving the precision on the three-flavour oscillation parameter measurements and strengthening the constraints placed on the sterile neutrino parameter space.Comment: Review for Advances in High Energy Physics. The special issue for which the paper is being processed is "Neutrino Masses and Oscillations 2015

The Good, the Bad, and the Badass: On the Descriptive Adequacy of Kant's Conception of Moral Evil

This chapter argues for an interpretation of Kant's psychology of moral evil that accommodates the so-called excluded middle cases and allows for variations in the magnitude of evil. The strategy involves distinguishing Kant's transcendental psychology from his empirical psychology and arguing that Kant's character rigorism is restricted to the transcendental level. The chapter also explains how Kant's theory of moral evil accommodates 'the badass'; someone who does evil for evil's sake

Orthogonal polarity graphs and Sidon sets

Determining the maximum number of edges in an $n$-vertex $C_4$-free graph is a well-studied problem that dates back to a paper of Erd\H{o}s from 1938. One of the most important families of $C_4$-free graphs are the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi orthogonal polarity graphs. We show that the Cayley sum graph constructed using a Bose-Chowla Sidon set is isomorphic to a large induced subgraph of the Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi orthogonal polarity graph. Using this isomorphism we prove that the Petersen graph is a subgraph of every sufficiently large Erd\H{o}s-R\'enyi orthogonal polarity graph.Comment: The authors would like to thank Jason Williford for noticing an error in the proof of Theorem 1.2 in the previous version. This error has now been correcte