361 research outputs found
"some investigations on the electrification of interfaces"
Using a method developed by C. Curry at Durham University, in which the charge on a drop falling under gravity can be measured by the deflection from there vertical in a transverse electric field, experiments were performed to measure the neutral charges acquired by water drops in the air. Those proving unsuccessful, attempts were made to increase the consitivity of the method by measuring the deflection in an electric field after the drops have fallen into benzene. It was found, however, that these drops acquired a characteristic negative charge, he charge being due to impurities in solution in the water, and being proportional to field intensity and drop radius. In order to gain more information on the benzene water interface, experiments were performed using benzene drops in aqueous solutions. These drops had a negative charge in distilled water and the drop charge increased to a maximum or “saturation” charge in alkaline solutions. The reasons for attributing the negative charge to chemical adsorption of hydroxyl ions are given together with a mathematical explanation of the charge – hydroxyl ion concentration curves obtained. Yukherjce’s equation for neutralization of charge on colloidal particles was checked by results obtained using benzene drops in Lanthanum Nitrate solutions. Other non conducting drops were found to behave in a similar manner to the benzene drops, and using carbon tetrachloride spheres the charge was found to be proportional to the cube of the radius, over most of the range covered (0.2 – 1.8m.m. diameter). The charge was also seen to be connected with conditions of turbulence in the liquid round the drops. Some experiments with pure mercury drops were made and a change in sign of the drop charge from positive to negative was observed in sufficiently large potential gradients, in alkaline and neutral solutions. A possible explanation of this reversal phenomenon is given, and results obtained with neutral salt solutions tend to to verify the simple theory
"You can't work with my people if you don't know how to" : enhancing transfer of care from hospital to primary care for Aboriginal Australians with chronic disease
Indigenous Australians experience significantly poorer health compared to other Australians, with chronic disease contributing to two-thirds of the health gap. We report on an evaluation of an innovative model that leverages mainstream and Aboriginal health resources to enable safe, supported transfer of care for Aboriginal adults with chronic conditions leaving hospital. The multisite evaluation was Aboriginal-led and underpinned by the principles of self-determination and equity and Indigenous research protocols. The qualitative study documented processes and captured service user and provider experiences. We found benefits for patients and their families, the hospital and the health system. The new model enhanced the patient journey and trust in the health service and was a source of staff satisfaction. Challenges included staff availability, patient identification and complexity and the broader issue of cultural safety. Critical success factors included strong governance with joint cultural and clinical leadership and enduring relationships and partnerships at the service delivery, organisation and system levels. A holistic model of care, bringing together cultural and clinical expertise and partnering with Indigenous community organisations, can enhance care coordination and safety across the hospital–community interface. It is important to consider context as well as specific program elements in design, implementation and evaluation
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Preliminary Efforts to Couple TETRAD with Geophysics Models
The Geothermal Program at the Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory is enhancing our reservoir simulation capabilities by writing new subroutines with TETRAD that write necessary files for use with SAIC's geophysics models, including DC Resistivity, SP, and microgravity. This is part of long-term efforts to develop reservoir models that take advantage of various observations that are - or can be - made on both existing fields or during exploration efforts. These new routines will be made available to the TETRAD user community in 2002 through the next release of TETRAD 2002
Rolofylline, an adenosine A1−receptor antagonist, in acute heart failure
Background:
Worsening renal function, which is associated with adverse outcomes, often develops
in patients with acute heart failure. Experimental and clinical studies suggest that
counterregulatory responses mediated by adenosine may be involved. We tested the
hypothesis that the use of rolofylline, an adenosine A1−receptor antagonist, would
improve dyspnea, reduce the risk of worsening renal function, and lead to a more
favorable clinical course in patients with acute heart failure.
Methods:
We conducted a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving patients
hospitalized for acute heart failure with impaired renal function. Within 24 hours
after presentation, 2033 patients were randomly assigned, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive
daily intravenous rolofylline (30 mg) or placebo for up to 3 days. The primary end
point was treatment success, treatment failure, or no change in the patient’s clinical
condition; this end point was defined according to survival, heart-failure status,
and changes in renal function. Secondary end points were the post-treatment development
of persistent renal impairment and the 60-day rate of death or readmission
for cardiovascular or renal causes.
Results:
Rolofylline, as compared with placebo, did not provide a benefit with respect to the
primary end point (odds ratio, 0.92; 95% confidence interval, 0.78 to 1.09; P=0.35).
Persistent renal impairment developed in 15.0% of patients in the rolofylline group
and in 13.7% of patients in the placebo group (P=0.44). By 60 days, death or readmission
for cardiovascular or renal causes had occurred in similar proportions of patients
assigned to rolofylline and placebo (30.7% and 31.9%, respectively; P=0.86).
Adverse-event rates were similar overall; however, only patients in the rolofylline
group had seizures, a known potential adverse effect of A1-receptor antagonists.
Conclusions:
Rolofylline did not have a favorable effect with respect to the primary clinical composite
end point, nor did it improve renal function or 60-day outcomes. It does not
show promise in the treatment of acute heart failure with renal dysfunction. (Funded
by NovaCardia, a subsidiary of Merck; ClinicalTrials.gov numbers, NCT00328692
and NCT00354458.
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Refining As-Cast Structures of Novel SixTiVCrZr High-Entropy Alloys Using Estimated Effective Solidification Temperature Obtained Using Chvorinov's Rule
High-entropy alloys (HEAs), i.e., multicomponent alloys where (typically five or more) elements are combined in equal, or roughly equal, quantities, are of great current interest, due to their formation of single, simple structured phases, and the unusual properties they can potentially exhibit. Phase presence may be predicted using semi-empirical methods, but deviations from predictions may be seen during the course of alloy synthesis, with the formation of unexpected phases. The generation of such phases may be controlled with knowledge of the effective solidification temperature; in this full article, Chvorinov’s rule for solidification time is used to estimate this temperature as part of the design of a new multiphase alloy system, TiVCrZr-Six. Further heat treatment of the TiVCrZr-Si system confirms the applicability of this approach. The new compositions demonstrate mechanical properties that suggest potential for optimization for high-temperature applications.</jats:p
Soft Templating and Disorder in an Applied 1D Cobalt Coordination Polymer Electrocatalyst
Disordered materials with resilient and soft-templated functional units bear the
potential to fill the pipeline of robust catalysts for renewable energy storage.
However, for novel materials lacking long-range order, the ability to discern
local structure with atomic resolution still pushes the boundaries of current
analytical and modeling approaches. We introduce a two-pillar strategy to
monitor the formation and unravel the structure of the first disordered onedimensional cobalt coordination polymer catalyst, Co-dppeO2. This target
material excels through proven high performance in commercial alkaline
electrolyzers and organic transformations. We demonstrate that the key architecture behind this activity is the unconventional embedding of hydrated
{H2O-Co2(OH)2-OH2} edge-site motifs, nested into a flexible organic matrix of
highly oxidized and bridging hydrophobic dppeO2 ligands. Our combination
of in situ spectroscopy and computational modeling of X-ray scattering and
absorption spectra, backed with complementary experimental techniques,
holds the key to understanding the atomic-range structure of important
disordered materials
Jowett’s Thucydides: A corpus-based analysis of translation as political intervention
Thucydides’ History of the Peloponnesian War is a key text in the classical Greek canon and an important source of insights into the structures and tensions at the heart of ancient Athenian democracy. Consequently, modern interpretations of his analysis have repeatedly played a major role in shaping debates on the viability and desirability of democratic rule. This paper aims to build on previous discussion of Benjamin Jowett's 1881 translation of Thucydides by applying a comparative corpus-based methodology to explore how this translator's own personal politics shaped his re-presentation of this text. The analysis reveals a striking emphasis on the position and activity of democratic leaders throughout Jowett’s version, strongly consistent with the ideology of leadership that he developed during his career as Master of Balliol College, Oxford
The twilight of the Liberal Social Contract? On the Reception of Rawlsian Political Liberalism
This chapter discusses the Rawlsian project of public reason, or public justification-based 'political' liberalism, and its reception. After a brief philosophical rather than philological reconstruction of the project, the chapter revolves around a distinction between idealist and realist responses to it. Focusing on political liberalism’s critical reception illuminates an overarching question: was Rawls’s revival of a contractualist approach to liberal legitimacy a fruitful move for liberalism and/or the social contract tradition? The last section contains a largely negative answer to that question. Nonetheless the chapter's conclusion shows that the research programme of political liberalism provided and continues to provide illuminating insights into the limitations of liberal contractualism, especially under conditions of persistent and radical diversity. The programme is, however, less receptive to challenges to do with the relative decline of the power of modern states
The long non-coding RNA <i>HOXB-AS3</i> regulates ribosomal RNA transcription in <i>NPM1</i>-mutated acute myeloid leukemia
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