Issuer Choice in the EU and its Impact on the Market for Corporate Law

none2noneLuca Enriques; Tobias H. TrögerLuca Enriques; Tobias H. Tröge

Adsorption of oxygen on Cu(100). I. Local structure and dynamics for two atomic chemisorption states

In the first part of this article, I argue that generalization involves three related components: phenomenological, epistemological, and semiotic. I also argue that the concept of generalization conveyed by theories of knowing (e.g., rationalist and empiricist) depends on the manner in which these theories understand the above three components and their interrelations. I elaborate my argument in reference to a cultural-historical dialectical concept of generalization. In the second part of the article, I provide an overview of the articles contained in this special issue and discuss their contributions to educational research.Los componentes fenomenológico, epistemológico y semiótico de la generalizaciónEn la primera parte de este artículo, sostengo que la generalización incluye tres componentes entrelazados: un componente fenomenológico, un componente epistemológico y un componente semiótico. También sostengo que el concepto de generalización que presentan las teorías del conocimiento (por ejemplo, teorías racionalistas y empiristas) depende de la manera en que esas teorías conciben los tres componentes anteriores y sus interrelaciones. Mi argumento es elaborado a partir de un concepto cultural histórico dialéctico de generalización. En la segunda parte del artículo, hago un resumen de los artículos contenidos en este número especial y discuto sus contribuciones a la investigación en educación.Handle: http://hdl.handle.net/10481/34986WOS-ESC

Overview of the randomized trials of radiotherapy in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast.

Individual patient data were available for all four of the randomized trials that began before 1995, and that compared adjuvant radiotherapy vs no radiotherapy following breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). A total of 3729 women were eligible for analysis. Radiotherapy reduced the absolute 10-year risk of any ipsilateral breast event (ie, either recurrent DCIS or invasive cancer) by 15.2% (SE 1.6%, 12.9% vs 28.1% 2 P <.00001), and it was effective regardless of the age at diagnosis, extent of breast-conserving surgery, use of tamoxifen, method of DCIS detection, margin status, focality, grade, comedonecrosis, architecture, or tumor size. The proportional reduction in ipsilateral breast events was greater in older than in younger women (2P < .0004 for difference between proportional reductions; 10-year absolute risks: 18.5% vs 29.1% at ages <50 years, 10.8% vs 27.8% at ages ≥ 50 years) but did not differ significantly according to any other available factor. Even for women with negative margins and small low-grade tumors, the absolute reduction in the 10-year risk of ipsilateral breast events was 18.0% (SE 5.5, 12.1% vs 30.1%, 2P = .002). After 10 years of follow-up, there was, however, no significant effect on breast cancer mortality, mortality from causes other than breast cancer, or all-cause mortality.Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov'tReviewinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at 1as=900 GeV with ALICE at the LHC

The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution is measured in proton-proton collisions at s=900 GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region (|\u3b7|<0.8) over the transverse momentum range 0.15<10 GeV/c. The correlation between transverse momentum and particle multiplicity is also studied. Results are presented for inelastic (INEL) and non-single-diffractive (NSD) events. The average transverse momentum for |\u3b7|<0.8 is \u3008pT\u3009INEL=0.483\ub10.001 (stat.)\ub10.007 (syst.) GeV/c and \u3008pT\u3009NSD=0.489\ub10.001 (stat.)\ub10.007 (syst.) GeV/c, respectively. The data exhibit a slightly larger \u3008pT\u3009 than measurements in wider pseudorapidity intervals. The results are compared to simulations with the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET. \ua9 2010