Justus Liebig - Life and Work

Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej naukę

A Geographic Perspective of Cuban Landscapes

Beginning in the era of the Spanish conquest and taking the reader right up to the present day, this book focuses on how the landscape of Cuba has changed and evolved into the environment we see today. It illustrates the range of factors – economic, political and cultural – that have determined Cuba’s physical geography, and explores the shifting conservation measures which have been instituted in response to new methods in agriculture and land management. The text uses historical documents, fieldwork, Geographic Information System (GIS) data and remotely-sensed satellite imagery to detail Cuba’s extensive land-use history as well as its potential future. The author goes further to analyze the manner, speed and methods of landscape change, and examines the historical context and governing agendas that have had an impact on the relationship between Cuba’s inhabitants and their island. Gebelein also assesses the key role played by agricultural production in the framework of international trade required to sustain Cuba’s people and its economy. The book concludes with a review of current efforts by Cuban and other research scientists, as well as private investors, conservation managers and university professors who are involved in shaping Cuba’s evolving landscape and managing it during the country’s possible transition to a more politically diverse, enfranchised and open polity.https://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/books/1001/thumbnail.jp

Labor supplies of a seasonal industry

Thesis (M.A.)--Boston UniversityMuch of the literature dealing with employment in seasonal industries with sharp peaks or short active seasons states or implies that all such industries employ, mostly, temporar.y entrants to the labor force during their active seasons who withdraw when that season is over. This seems to be an e~ension of the observation of the practice in summer resort and other industries with a short summer peak to all (resort and other) industries with short active seasons. It is questionable whether this is actually true for seasonal winter resort industries, particularly in non-urban areas. This study proposes to examine the labor supplies of a winter seasonal industry with a test of that assumption in view. It is proposed, also, that the concepts of primary and secondary members of the labor force, introduced by Wilcock, be utilized in the study. Such concepts which differentiate between workers who belong regularly to the labor force and those who enter and leave at various intervals should prove useful when dealing with seasonal employment and seasonal workers [TRUNCATED

Astronaut-Acquired Photography of Earth: Its History and Continued Applicability in Quantitative Analyses

Aerial and satellite photography has been used extensively in many different research efforts, for example, atmospheric studies, vegetation analysis, and change detection. Archives of historical aerial and satellite photography are a valuable resource to the science community. There is currently an archive of over 450,000 photographs of Earth taken by United States astronauts dating back to the early 1960\u27s. This archive covers the majority of the Earth\u27s surface and offers imagery taken by a variety of camera configurations including film and digital, various lenses, different look angles, and changing solar illuminance. There is extensive repeat coverage over many regions of the world\u27s landscape. These photographs have been increasingly analyzed in order to assess their potential as a remote sensing resource. The objectives of this paper are to give the reader an evolutionary history of astronaut-acquired imagery of Earth, and to discuss the many scientific analyses that have been successfully completed using this underutilized resource

The Effects of Truth Table Pretraining and Intradimensional Variability on Rule Learning and Attribute Identification Tasks

Ss were required to sort geometrical patterns into positive or negative instances. According to (a) an attribute identification problem (wherein one of three conceptual rules was given: Disjunctive, Conditional, or Biconditional) or (b) Rule learning problem (wherein the two relevant attributes were given: either yellow, triangle or blue, circle). Intradimensional variability for each condition was either five, seven, or nine levels. The Rule effect was the only significant source of variance even though performance did worsen as intradimensional variability was increased

In-vitro-Studie zur antimikrobiellen Wirkung von Mundspüllösungen im Agar-Hemmhoftest

Die mechanische Reinigung der Zähne wird in vielen Fällen nur unzureichend durchgeführt. Daher kann unterstützend eine chemische Plaquereduktion mit Mundspüllösungen (MSPL) vorgenommen werden. Ziel der Studie war es, in vitro der möglichen antimikrobiellen Wirkung von 119 frei verkäuflichen MSPL gegenüber oralen Keimen nachzugehen. Eine Unterteilung erfolgte in eine Chlorhexidin- (n=31), eine Cetylpyridiniumchlorid- (n=34) sowie eine Fluoridgruppe (n=29) und eine Gruppe „Sonstige“ (n=25). Zur Erfassung der antimikrobiellen Wirkung wurden 15 Referenzstämme (S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus, S. mutans, A. odontolyticus (R), A. odontolyticus (W), A. naeslundii, L. casei, L. coryniformis, L. plantarum, A. actinomycetemcomitans, P. gingivalis, F. nucleatum, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans) einbezogen. 55°C warmer Agar wurde mit den Bakterienstämmen inokuliert; nach dem Erstarren wurden Reservoire von 10 mm Durchmesser ausgestanzt. In diese wurden 0,3 ml der jeweiligen MSPL eingebracht. Nach Bebrüten der Petrischalen wurde die antimikrobielle Wirkung der MSPL metrisch erfasst. Die Datenpflege erfolgte mit dem Statistikpaket SPSS. Die Auswertung erfolgte deskriptiv; zum Vergleich der konzentrationsabhängigen antimikrobiellen Wirkung der MSPL wurden der Wilcoxon-Test bzw. Mann-Whitney-U-Test (Signifikanzniveau α < 0,05) herangezogen. Insgesamt erwiesen sich 89 MSPL als antimikrobiell. Die chlorhexidinhaltigen MSPL verfügten über die größte Wirkung; mit steigender Konzentration stieg die Effizienz. Eine konzentrationsabhängige Wirkung lag bei den cetylpyridiniumchloridhaltigen MSPL nicht vor. Fluoridhaltige MSPL wiesen in höheren Konzentrationen nur eine geringfügig bessere Wirkung auf. Aktinomyzeten wurden am stärksten inhibiert, wohingegen Enterococcus faecalis mit Ausnahme der MSPL in der Gruppe „Sonstige“ am wenigsten gehemmt wurde. Die Studie gibt einen Überblick und kann als Entscheidungshilfe bei der Auswahl der Produkte helfen

The state of healthcare policy education in nursing school curricula: a literature review

The purpose of this paper was to conduct a literature review regarding the current state of health policy education in nursing school curricula. Additionally, the paper will outline what improvements are being implemented in nursing education. The database CINAHL was used to conduct this study. According to the literature, there are an inadequate number of nurses participating in health policy reform which can be linked back to a lack of health policy education while in nursing school. The literature suggests options such as experiential learning, group activities and reflections, enhancing faculty knowledge, suggesting new teaching strategies, and implementing new courses as ways to improve policy education thus increasing nurse participation in health policy

Engrailed cooperates directly with Extradenticle and Homothorax on a distinct class of homeodomain binding sites to repress sloppy paired.

Even skipped (Eve) and Engrailed (En) are homeodomain-containing transcriptional repressors with similar DNA binding specificities that are sequentially expressed in Drosophila embryos. The sloppy-paired (slp) locus is a target of repression by both Eve and En. At blastoderm, Eve is expressed in 7 stripes that restrict the posterior border of slp stripes, allowing engrailed (en) gene expression to be initiated in odd-numbered parasegments. En, in turn, prevents expansion of slp stripes after Eve is turned off. Prior studies showed that the two tandem slp transcription units are regulated by cis-regulatory modules (CRMs) with activities that overlap in space and time. An array of CRMs that generate 7 stripes at blastoderm, and later 14 stripes, surround slp1 (Fujioka and Jaynes, 2012). Surprisingly given their similarity in DNA binding specificity and function, responsiveness to ectopic Eve and En indicates that most of their direct target sites are either in distinct CRMs, or in different parts of coregulated CRMs. We localized cooperative binding sites for En, with the homeodomain-containing Hox cofactors Extradenticle (Exd) and Homothorax (Hth), within two CRMs that drive similar expression patterns. Functional analysis revealed two distinct, redundant sites within one CRM. The other CRM contains a single cooperative site that is both necessary and sufficient for repression in the en domain. Correlating in vivo and in vitro analysis suggests that cooperativity with Exd and Hth is a key ingredient in the mechanism of En-dependent repression, and that apparent affinity in vitro is an unreliable predictor of in vivo function