22 research outputs found
Inserção do profissional nutricionista na Rede de Atenção Psicossocial
No âmbito do Sistema Único de Saúde, a perspectiva de Promoção da Saúde procura desenvolver ações que atuem em aspectos que incidam sobre o processo saúde-doença, incentivando formas mais amplas de intervenção sobre os condicionantes e determinantes sociais de saúde, de forma intersetorial e com participação popular, além disso para a promoção de cuidado com fins de reabilitação e reinserção social torna-se necessário a defesa da interdisciplinaridade e de equipes multiprofissionais. Na busca pela integralidade e multidisciplinaridade na promoção de saúde, cuidados em segurança alimentar e nutricional, torna-se necessário a presença de nutricionistas na RAPS. Sendo assim, este estudo tem por objetivo avaliar inserção do profissional nutricionista dentro da Rede de Atenção Psicossocial. Revisão de literatura de ordem qualitativa. A busca de artigos e demais materiais foi realizada nas seguintes bases de dados: MEDLINE, LILACS-BIREME, SCIELO, PUBMED, SCIRUS, SCIENCE DIRECT, literatura cinzenta e plataformas do Governo Federal do Brasil, utilizando artigos sem limitação de ano de publicação, dissertações, livros, leis, portarias ministeriais e leis federais. A partir dos achados na literatura a atuação do profissional nutricionista na RAPS ainda é pouco ampla se detendo, em muitos casos, ao atendimento clínico individual e planejamento de cardápios, contribuindo para uma atenção a saúde fragmentada e contrária a lógica interdicisplinar do cuidado integral
A vacinação como tema de educação em saúde: Relato de experiência do projeto PET-Saúde
O projeto de extensão da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense denominado “Vivências e experiências na realidade da gestão e da assistência na atenção primária em saúde de Criciúma/SC”, em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde, conta com a imersão do acadêmico no ensino, na pesquisa, na extensão universitária e na participação social. O presente relato de experiência visa descrever as ações de conscientização acerca da importância da vacinação realizadas em um município de do extremo sul catarinense, pelo grupo de Educação em Saúde, do programa PET-Saúde. As experiências foram apresentadas em quatro momentos: escolha da “vacinação” como tema de educação em saúde a ser abordado com a população; pesquisas sobre o tema e definição das ações a serem realizadas; organização e desenvolvimento dos materiais; e realização das ações. As ações de educação em saúde acerca da vacinação possibilitaram aos acadêmicos um processo de imersão teórico-prático dentro da atenção primária em saúde do município, desenvolvendo ações para trabalhar fragilidades apresentadas nesse nível de assistência. A educação em saúde é uma importante ferramenta para a prevenção e promoção da saúde. A vivência dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde contribui para a formação acadêmica e profissional dos estudantes da área da saúde, estimulando uma visão mais ampla sobre as condições enfrentadas nesse sistema.
Palavras-chave: Imunização; Atenção Primária Em Saúde; Extensão Universitária
Vaccination as a health education topic: Experience report from the PET-Saúde project
Abstract: The extension project of the University of Extremo Sul Catarinense, entitled "Experiences and realities in the management and primary health care assistance in Criciúma” (Santa Catarina State, Brazil), in partnership with the Ministry of Health, involves the immersion of students in teaching, research, university extension, and social engagement. This experiential report aims to describe the awareness-raising actions regarding the importance of vaccination in a municipality in the southernmost region of Santa Catarina by the Health Education group of the PET-Saúde program. The experiences were presented in four stages: selection of "vaccination" as the topic for health education with the population; research on the subject and definition of the actions to be carried out; organization and development of materials; and implementation of the actions. The health education activities on vaccination allowed the students to engage in a theoretical and practical immersion within the primary health care of the municipality, addressing weaknesses observed at this level of care. Health education is an essential tool for prevention and health promotion. The experience within the Unified Health System contributes to the academic and professional development of students in the health field, stimulating a broader understanding of the conditions faced within this system.
Keywords: Immunization; Primary Health Care; University Extensio
Rising rural body-mass index is the main driver of the global obesity epidemic in adults
Body-mass index (BMI) has increased steadily in most countries in parallel with a rise in the proportion of the population who live in cities(.)(1,2) This has led to a widely reported view that urbanization is one of the most important drivers of the global rise in obesity(3-6). Here we use 2,009 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in more than 112 million adults, to report national, regional and global trends in mean BMI segregated by place of residence (a rural or urban area) from 1985 to 2017. We show that, contrary to the dominant paradigm, more than 55% of the global rise in mean BMI from 1985 to 2017-and more than 80% in some low- and middle-income regions-was due to increases in BMI in rural areas. This large contribution stems from the fact that, with the exception of women in sub-Saharan Africa, BMI is increasing at the same rate or faster in rural areas than in cities in low- and middle-income regions. These trends have in turn resulted in a closing-and in some countries reversal-of the gap in BMI between urban and rural areas in low- and middle-income countries, especially for women. In high-income and industrialized countries, we noted a persistently higher rural BMI, especially for women. There is an urgent need for an integrated approach to rural nutrition that enhances financial and physical access to healthy foods, to avoid replacing the rural undernutrition disadvantage in poor countries with a more general malnutrition disadvantage that entails excessive consumption of low-quality calories.Peer reviewe
Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants
Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.
BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. Copyright (C) 2021 World Health Organization; licensee Elsevier
Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants
Background
Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories.
Methods
We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age.
Findings
The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran.
Interpretation
Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings
A vacinação como tema de educação em saúde: Relato de experiência do projeto PET-Saúde
O projeto de extensão da Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense denominado “Vivências e experiências na realidade da gestão e da assistência na atenção primária em saúde de Criciúma/SC”, em parceria com o Ministério da Saúde, conta com a imersão do acadêmico no ensino, na pesquisa, na extensão universitária e na participação social. O presente relato de experiência visa descrever as ações de conscientização acerca da importância da vacinação realizadas em um município de do extremo sul catarinense, pelo grupo de Educação em Saúde, do programa PET-Saúde. As experiências foram apresentadas em quatro momentos: escolha da “vacinação” como tema de educação em saúde a ser abordado com a população; pesquisas sobre o tema e definição das ações a serem realizadas; organização e desenvolvimento dos materiais; e realização das ações. As ações de educação em saúde acerca da vacinação possibilitaram aos acadêmicos um processo de imersão teórico-prático dentro da atenção primária em saúde do município, desenvolvendo ações para trabalhar fragilidades apresentadas nesse nível de assistência. A educação em saúde é uma importante ferramenta para a prevenção e promoção da saúde. A vivência dentro do Sistema Único de Saúde contribui para a formação acadêmica e profissional dos estudantes da área da saúde, estimulando uma visão mais ampla sobre as condições enfrentadas nesse sistema.
Palavras-chave: Imunização; Atenção Primária Em Saúde; Extensão Universitária
Vaccination as a health education topic: Experience report from the PET-Saúde project
Abstract: The extension project of the University of Extremo Sul Catarinense, entitled "Experiences and realities in the management and primary health care assistance in Criciúma” (Santa Catarina State, Brazil), in partnership with the Ministry of Health, involves the immersion of students in teaching, research, university extension, and social engagement. This experiential report aims to describe the awareness-raising actions regarding the importance of vaccination in a municipality in the southernmost region of Santa Catarina by the Health Education group of the PET-Saúde program. The experiences were presented in four stages: selection of "vaccination" as the topic for health education with the population; research on the subject and definition of the actions to be carried out; organization and development of materials; and implementation of the actions. The health education activities on vaccination allowed the students to engage in a theoretical and practical immersion within the primary health care of the municipality, addressing weaknesses observed at this level of care. Health education is an essential tool for prevention and health promotion. The experience within the Unified Health System contributes to the academic and professional development of students in the health field, stimulating a broader understanding of the conditions faced within this system.
Keywords: Immunization; Primary Health Care; University Extensio