Wir kämpfen uns da zusammen durch : Bildungserfolg junger Aussiedlerinnen

Der Betrag beleuchtet adoleszente Entwicklungsprozesse einer spezifischen Migrantinnengruppe, der Aussiedlerinnen. Die innerethnische Peergroup wird in ihrer identitätsstiftenden Bedeutung für die Gruppe der bildungserfolgreichen jungen Aussiedlerinnen charakterisiert. Die Gemeinsamkeit der Peergroup beruht im Sinne des kollektiven Gedächtnisses auf geteilten Erinnerungen und gemeinsamem Erleben. In den der Gruppe eigenen Sprachschöpfungen zwischen Her kunftssprache und Zweitsprache wird die Kreativität der Peergroup sichtbar. Ausgehend von den Peergroups können sich die jungen Aussiedlerinnen der Mehrheitsgesellschaft und ihren Anforderungen öffnen.Educational Success of Young Female Resettlers Developmental processes in adolescence of a specific group of female migrants coming from the former Soviet Union are described. The stabilising function of the inner ethnic peer group is discussed. The cohesion of the peer group is based in the collective memory of shared experiences. The creativity of the peer group lies in neologisms, a combination of their mother tongue and the language of the host country. With the backing of their peer group the young migrants can open up to the host culture

Juvenile female ethnic German immigrants - academic achievement in seclusion. Qualitative study - report on a research project

Die vorgestellte Studie widmet sich der Frage, "auf welchem Fundament der Bildungserfolg junger Aussiedlerinnen [aus Russland und Kasachstan] aufbaut." Dazu begleitet die Autorin ein Jahr lang junge Frauen zwischen 18 und 20, die die gymnasiale Oberstufe besuchen. "Im letzten Schuljahr vor dem Abitur [führt sie] dreimal im Abstand von jeweils vier Monaten eineinhalbstündige Gespräche, in denen die jungen Mädchen über die Migrationserfahrung, über ihre familiäre und schulische Situation, ihre Freizeitgestaltung ebenso wie ihre Lebensziele [sprechen]." In den Gesprächen lassen sich "drei Säulen... ausmachen, die maßgeblich den Schul- und Bildungserfolg der jungen Aussiedlerinnen tragen": Die enge familiäre Bindung, das Vorbild der Mütter, sowie die gegenseitige Unterstützung in der Peergroup. Dabei haben "innerethnische Freundschaften... einen höheren Stellenwert als interkulturelle Freundschaften und bilden ein haltendes Netzwerk, das in hohem Maße identitätsstiftend wirkt." (DIPF/Orig./Un

Wir kämpfen uns da zusammen durch: Bildungserfolg junger Aussiedlerinnen

"Der Betrag beleuchtet adoleszente Entwicklungsprozesse einer spezifi schen Migrantinnengruppe, der Aussiedlerinnen. Die innerethnische Peergroup wird in ihrer identitätsstiftenden Bedeutung für die Gruppe der bildungserfolgreichen jungen Aussiedlerinnen charakterisiert. Die Gemeinsamkeit der Peergroup beruht im Sinne des kollektiven Gedächtnisses auf geteilten Erinnerungen und gemeinsamem Erleben. In den der Gruppe eigenen Sprachschöpfungen zwischen Her kunftssprache und Zweitsprache wird die Kreativität der Peergroup sichtbar. Ausgehend von den Peergroups können sich die jungen Aussiedlerinnen der Mehrheitsgesellschaft und ihren Anforderungen öffnen." (Autorenreferat)"Developmental processes in adolescence of a specifi c group of female migrants coming from the former Soviet Union are described. The stabilising function of the inner ethnic peer group is discussed. The cohesion of the peer group is based in the collective memory of shared experiences. The creativity of the peer group lies in neologisms, a combination of their mother tongue and the language of the host country. With the backing of their peer group the young migrants can open up to the host culture." (author's abstract

Sprechhemmungen bei multikulturellen Austauschprojekten und ihre Wirkung auf interkulturelles Lernen an Hochschulen

Inhibitions in speaking (or fear of speaking) can affect communicative processes in cross-cultural groups of learners. They may result from numerous emotional, cognitive or psychophysiological factors. The article concentrates on the most common types of inhibitions observed in a group of students during a project based seminar which took place in Poznań in December 2016. The seminar was a joint venture organised by Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań and the University of Marburg. The student participants were working on developing cultural teaching materials, and after the seminar they took part in a qualitative survey intended to examine their reflections concerning the project. The article presents a discussion of selected findings

Fears and inhibitions in speaking during cross-cultural student exchange projects on the example of a student encounter between Berlin and Poznań

In this article, the authors concentrate on the manifestations of fears and speaking anxiety in multicultural student exchange projects. In the first part, numerous facets of speaking anxiety in different contexts are presented, including its potential causes and symptoms. The authors then proceed to discuss student encounters and student exchange projects in an intercultural context. In the empirical part, they present the initial results of the study on (not only) language anxiety experienced during a German-Polish student exchange between Poznań and Berlin in autumn 2018. Finally, some implications for dealing with speaking anxiety experienced in foreign language learning/teaching and during student exchange projects are suggested.In this article, the authors concentrate on the manifestations of fears and speaking anxiety in multicultural student exchange projects. In the first part, numerous facets of speaking anxiety in different contexts are presented, including its potential causes and symptoms. The authors then proceed to discuss student encounters and student exchange projects in an intercultural context. In the empirical part, they present the initial results of the study on (not only) language anxiety experienced during a German-Polish student exchange between Poznań and Berlin in autumn 2018. Finally, some implications for dealing with speaking anxiety experienced in foreign language learning/teaching and during student exchange projects are suggested

„Unsere Generation sollte sich nicht mehr durch das Thema des Zweiten Weltkriegs belastet bzw. schuldig fühlen“: Das Museum des Warschauer Auf-stands als Ort interkulturellen Lernens

In dem Projektseminar „Warschauer Aufstand – Spurensuche nach 70 Jahren“ arbeiteten Studierende der Universitäten in Poznań und Marburg in Kooperation mit dem Museum des Warschauer Aufstands an der Entwicklung von didaktisch-methodischen Materialien zum Aufstand von 1944. Die Arbeit erfolgte in Kleingruppen, die vielfältigen Raum zu interkulturellen Erfahrungen boten. In dem Beitrag soll das Projekt als Ort der interkulturellen Begegnung untersucht werden, und zwar anhand eines von uns konzipierten Lerntagebuches, in das die am Projekt beteiligten Studierenden vor, während und nach der Projektwoche Eintragungen vornahmen. Analysiert werden zum einen die inhaltliche Reflexion des Projektthemas und zum anderen die Sicht auf die museumspädagogische Inszenierung.The project-based seminar „The Warsaw Uprising – in search of traces 70 years later“, organized by the University of Marburg and the Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań in cooperation with the Warsaw Rising Museum, was a cross-cultural encounter which served as a starting point for developing a set of topic-related teaching materials for schools and universities. The present article focuses on the analysis of the project based on the students’ learning diaries which were intended to provide an insight into the participants’ reflection on the project.  It also contains the discussion of the educational value of the presentation of the Warsaw Uprising in the museum

„Unsere Generation sollte sich nicht mehr durch das Thema des Zweiten Weltkriegs belastet bzw. schuldig fühlen“: Das Museum des Warschauer Auf-stands als Ort interkulturellen Lernens

In dem Projektseminar „Warschauer Aufstand – Spurensuche nach 70 Jahren“ arbeiteten Studierende der Universitäten in Poznań und Marburg in Kooperation mit dem Museum des Warschauer Aufstands an der Entwicklung von didaktischmethodischen Materialien zum Aufstand von 1944. Die Arbeit erfolgte in Kleingruppen, die vielfältigen Raum zu interkulturellen Erfahrungen boten. In dem Beitrag soll das Projekt als Ort der interkulturellen Begegnung untersucht werden, und zwar anhand eines von uns konzipierten Lerntagebuches, in das die am Projekt beteiligten Studierenden vor, während und nach der Projektwoche Eintragungen vornahmen. Analysiert werden zum einen die inhaltliche Reflexion des Projektthemas und zum anderen die Sicht auf die museumspädagogische Inszenierung

TRY plant trait database – enhanced coverage and open access

Plant traits - the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants - determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait‐based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits - almost complete coverage for ‘plant growth form’. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait–environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Genes Required for Growth at High Hydrostatic Pressure in Escherichia coli K-12 Identified by Genome-Wide Screening

Despite the fact that much of the global microbial biosphere is believed to exist in high pressure environments, the effects of hydrostatic pressure on microbial physiology remain poorly understood. We use a genome-wide screening approach, combined with a novel high-throughput high-pressure cell culture method, to investigate the effects of hydrostatic pressure on microbial physiology in vivo. The Keio collection of single-gene deletion mutants in Escherichia coli K-12 was screened for growth at a range of pressures from 0.1 MPa to 60 MPa. This led to the identification of 6 genes, rodZ, holC, priA, dnaT, dedD and tatC, whose products were required for growth at 30 MPa and a further 3 genes, tolB, rffT and iscS, whose products were required for growth at 40 MPa. Our results support the view that the effects of pressure on cell physiology are pleiotropic, with DNA replication, cell division, the cytoskeleton and cell envelope physiology all being potential failure points for cell physiology during growth at elevated pressure