Sense of coherence and factors associated with school performance of adolescents

O desempenho escolar é um aspecto fundamental para o futuro sucesso profissional e social. O objetivo do presente estudo foi investigar os fatores associados ao desempenho escolar dos adolescentes, incluindo o Senso de Coerência (SOC) e o estado de saúde bucal. Foram incluídos, no estudo, 381 escolares entre 15 e 18 anos de idade da cidade de Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil. O desfecho foi o desempenho escolar avaliado por meio das notas finais das disciplinas de Português e Matemática em 2013. As variáveis independentes foram dados sociodemográficos, autopercepção de saúde bucal, uso de serviços odontológicos e Senso de Coerência, obtidos por um questionário autoaplicado. Além disso, avaliou-se o número de dentes cariados, perdidos e obturados (índice de CPO-D). Análises de regressão logística foram realizadas, com base em um modelo hierárquico. A idade média dos alunos foi de 16 anos; valor médio do CPO-D 4,1 e SOC 44,5. No ajuste final, os indivíduos do sexo masculino (p = 0,0021); aqueles com o maior número de pessoas que moravam em casa (p = 0,0021) e o SOC fraco (p = 0,0005) mostraram associação com o menor desempenho escolar. Em conclusão, o desempenho escolar é um fenômeno complexo, associado ao SOC e às características bucais24830573066School performance is a key aspect for future professional and social success. The objective of the present study was to investigate factors associated with adolescents' school performance including sense of coherence (SOC) and oral health status. Three hundred eighty one schoolchildren between 15 and 18 years of age from the city of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, participated in the study. The outcome variable was school performance, assessed through the final grades of the Portuguese and Mathematics disciplines in 2013. Independent variables were sociodemographic data, self-perception of oral health, use of dental services and sense of coherence, obtained through a self-applied questionnaire. In addition, in a clinical assessment, the number of decayed, missing and filled teeth (DMFT index) was evaluated. Logistic regression analyses were performed, based on a hierarchical model. The mean age of students was 16 years; mean DMFT value 4.1, and SOC 44.5. In the final adjustment, the male subjects (p = 0.0021); those with the largest number of people residing at home (p = 0.0021) and weak SOC (p = 0.0005) showed an association with poorer school performance. In conclusion, school performance is a complex phenomenon associated with SOC and oral characteristic

CARACTERÍSTICAS MORFOMÉTRICAS, RENDIMENTO DE FILÉ E COMPOSIÇÃO QUÍMICA DA TRAÍRA

ABSTRACT: The objective of this study was to evaluate the morphometric characteristics, fillet yield and chemical composition of traíra (Hoplias malabaricus) with different weights. Sixteen traíras were used, in which treatments (T) were due to the live weight of the animals made of T1: traíra between 0.400 and 0.550 kg and T2: traíra between 0.600 and 0.800 kg, distributed in a completely randomized design. The total and the standard length increased (P0.05). The traíra slaughter weight, total and the standard length are correlated with the fillet weight and the meat of traíra is considered lean and high-protein and can serve a healthy and nutritious diet. KEYWORDS: Centesimal composition, Correlation, Fish.El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar las características morfométricas, rendimiento del filete y composición química de la tararira (Hoplias malabaricus) con diferentes pesos. Se utilizaron dieciséis tarariras, las cuales pasaron por tratamientos (T) en función del peso vivo de los animales constituidos por T1: tararira entre 0,400 y 0,550 kg y T2: tararira entre 0,600 y 0,800 kg, distribuidos en un delineamiento completamente casualizado. La largura total y el patrón aumentaron (P0,05). El peso de sacrificio, la largura total y el patrón de la tararira se correlacionan al peso del filete y la carne de tararira se considera magra y proteica y puede atender una dieta sana y nutritiva.PALABRAS CLAVE: Composición centesimal, Correlación, Pescado.Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as características morfométricas, rendimento de filé e composição química da traíra (Hoplias malabaricus) com diferentes pesos. Foram utilizadas dezesseis traíras, em que os tratamentos (T) foram em função do peso vivo dos animais constituídos por T1: traíra entre 0,400 e 0,550 kg e T2: traíra entre 0,600 e 0,800 kg, distribuídos em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. O comprimento total e padrão aumentaram (P0,05). O peso de abate e o comprimento total e padrão da traíra se correlacionam com o peso de filé e a carne da traíra é considerada magra e proteica e pode atender uma dieta saudável e nutritiva.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Composição centesimal, Correlação, Pescado

Uso de metodologias lúdicas no aprendizado sobre coccidioidomicose para deficientes visuais / Use of playful methodologies in learning about coccidioidomycosis for the visually impaired

Este trabalho foi elaborado com o intuito de ensinar sobre coccidioidomicose para alunos de pós-graduação em especialização em biologia de fungos, da Universidade Federal de Pernambuco atribuindo um método simples para a inclusão de deficientes visuais com baixa visão ou cegueira, com uma técnica dinâmica sobre coccidioidomicose, uma doença atualmente virulenta causada por fungos das espécies Coccidioides immitis e Coccidioides posadasii. O objetivo principal foi a realização de uma aula expositiva com slides e a realização de um material criado em alto relevo para promover a inclusão de deficientes visuais. A metodologia empregada foi a apresentação de uma aula sobre a doença coccidioidomicose para alunos de pós-graduação, relatando seus agentes etiológicos, histórico da doença, tratamento, estudo de caso e imunodiagnóstico. Ao final da apresentação os alunos puderam conhecer e apreciar uma maquete sobre o ciclo de vida do fungo causador da coccidioidomicose, conhecendo também o site ATRACTOR para a tradução de textos em Braile. Como resultado, a interação e o método foram aceitos pelos estudantes como técnica que possibilita o aprendizado de pessoas com deficiência visual. O estudo revelou que existe a necessidade de inclusão não apenas no ensino superior, mas nos demais níveis escolares com a utilização de técnicas dinâmicas para proporcionar o aprendizado de maneira eficaz

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

As manifestações clínicas do portador de paralisia facial

Introdução: A paralisia facial e um sintoma de um transtorno de base resultante em imobilidade e incapacidade de executar a mímica facial e a expressão emotiva. São várias as etiologias deste acometimento, sendo a classificação em paralisia facial periférica, representada classicamente pela paralisia de Bell e a central, pelo acidente vascular encefálico, adotada para auxiliar na investigação e seguimento clínico adequado. Objetivo: Descrever sobre a paralisia facial, com foco em características clínicas que propiciem ao diagnóstico precoce, medidas terapêuticas e restauração imediata. Metodologia: Revisão narrativa que selecionou artigos disponibilizados na íntegra publicados no recorte temporal de 2008 até 2022. Resultados: Dos 10 artigos incluídos neste estudo, todos realizaram uma ampla análise sobre a temática, a qual propiciou a disseminação de informações atualizadas sobre conceito, diagnóstico diferencial entre duas condições clínicas opostas resultantes em paralisia facial, manifestações, avaliação clínica e manejo adequado. Conclusão: Estudos ainda urgem em ser feitos no intuito de orientar melhor os profissionais e a comunidade a respeito da paralisia facial e a importância que possui o acompanhamento e seguimento precoce. Destarte,

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear understanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5,6,7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8,9,10,11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world's most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepresented in biodiversity databases.13,14,15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may eliminate pieces of the Amazon's biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological communities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple organism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region's vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most neglected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lost