Maternal anxiety and depression and reports about the premature infant

Os objetivos do presente estudo foram: (a) comparar dois grupos de mães, diferenciados pela presença de sintomas emocionais clínicos de ansiedade e depressão, quanto aos relatos sobre o seu bebê prematuro; (b) verificar relações entre os relatos maternos e características das mães, a história de saúde neonatal do bebê e eventos estressores ambientais. A amostra foi composta por 60 mães, distribuídas em dois grupos: 30 mães com indicadores clínicos (MCIE) e 30 mães sem tais indicadores (MSIE). As mães foram entrevistadas e avaliadas por meio dos seguintes instrumentos: SCID-NP, IDATE e BDI. O prontuário médico também foi analisado. Em ambos os grupos, as mães verbalizaram predominantemente sobre expectativas e concepções positivas acerca do bebê. No entanto, o MCIE relatou mais reações e sentimentos negativos do que o MSIE. Menor peso ao nascimento, menor idade gestacional e maior tempo de internação do bebê na UTI-Neonatal associaram-se com expectativas, reações e sentimentos maternos negativos.The aims of the present study were: (a) to compare two groups of mothers differentiated by the presence of clinical emotional symptoms of anxiety and depression, in respect of verbal reports about their premature infants; (b) to verify the relation between verbal reports and variables of mothers' characteristics, infants' neonatal health history, and distressful life events. The sample was composed by 60 mothers, allocated into two groups: 30 with emotional clinical symptoms (ECSM) and 30 with no symptoms (NCSM). The mothers were assessed by SCID-NP, STAI, and BDI and were interviewed by an interview-guide. The medical chart was also reviewed. Both groups reported predominantly positive expectations and concepts about the babies. Otherwise, MCES reported more negative reactions and feelings than MSES. Lower birthweight, lower gestational age and higher length-stay NICU hospitalization were associated with negative expectations, reactions, and feelings of the mothers.CNPqFAPES

Maternal concepts and expectations regarding a preterm infant

The objective of the present study was: (a) to identify the concerns, verbally expressed, of 50 mothers regarding their preterm infants (PT) and then compare their verbal expression with those of 25 mothers of full-term infants (FT); and (b) to correlate the mothers’ verbal expressions with maternal and infant variables. The following instruments were used to compose and characterize the sample: Structure Clinical Interview for DSM III-R Non-Patient (SCID/NP), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and medical charts. Results showed that there was no difference between groups in term of mothers’ expectations and conceptualizations; both groups exhibited predominantly positive expectations and concepts. In comparison with FT mothers, PT mothers verbally expressed more feelings and reactions predominantly negative or conflicting in relation to infant birth. Higher levels of maternal anxiety and depression in the PT Group were correlated with more verbal expressions about negative or conflicting emotions. In addition, lower birth weight, higher neonatal risk and longer length of stay in intensive care nursery of the infants were related with more negative or conflicting concepts by the mothers.El objetivo de este estudio era: (a) identificar las preocupaciones, expresadas verbalmente, de 50 madres con respecto a sus niños prematuros (PT) y después comparar su expresión verbal con la de 25 madres de niños nacidos a término (FT); y (b) correlacionar las expresiones verbales de las madres con variables maternas e infantiles. Se emplearon los siguientes instrumentos para componer y describir la muestra: Entrevista Clínica Estructurada para DSM-III-R No-Pacientes (Structure Clinical Interview for DSM III-R Non-Patient; SCID/NP), Inventario de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory; STAI), Inventario de Depresión de Beck (Beck Depression Inventory; BDI), y registros médicos. Los resultados mostraron que no había diferencias entre los grupos en términos de las expectativas y conceptualizaciones de las madres; ambos grupos exhibieron predominantemente expectativas y conceptos positivos. En comparación con las madres FT, las madres PT expresaron verbalmente más sentimientos y reacciones predominantemente negativos o conflictivos con respecto al nacimiento del niño. Los niveles más altos de ansiedad y depresión maternales en el grupo PT correlacionaban con más expresiones verbales de emociones negativas o conflictivas. Además, el peso más bajo al nacer, mayor riesgo neonatal y una estancia más larga en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales de los niños se relacionaban con mayor número de conceptos negativos o conflictivos de las madres

A atuação do enfermeiro no combate à sífilis na atenção primária à saúde: uma revisão de literatura

A sífilis é conhecida há séculos como uma infecção bacteriana sistêmica, crônica e exclusiva do ser humano. Causada pela bactéria Treponema pallidum, subespécie pallidum, tendo o contato sexual como principal modo de transmissão, a doença se manifesta nos estágios primário, secundário, latente e terciário. Logo, o objetivo geral deste presente artigo é buscar na literatura a assistência do enfermeiro na atenção primária mediante a sífilis adquirida. Para tanto, realizou-se como tipo de pesquisa uma revisão integrativa da literatura. As bases de dados utilizadas estão inseridas na Biblioteca Virtual de Saúde (BVS), dentre elas, a Scielo (Scientific Electronic Library Online) e Google Acadêmico Os resultados demonstram que o diagnóstico é feito mediante o teste treponêmico reagente, conduzindo o paciente e seu parceiro orientações sobre a importância do início do tratamento, a fim de quebrar a cadeia de contaminação, proporcionando a possibilidade de cura. Considera-se fundamental a assistência do enfermeiro com ações estratégicas na atenção primária diante ao diagnóstico positivo de sífilis, seguindo os protocolos do Ministério da Saúde

Analysis of shared heritability in common disorders of the brain

ience, this issue p. eaap8757 Structured Abstract INTRODUCTION Brain disorders may exhibit shared symptoms and substantial epidemiological comorbidity, inciting debate about their etiologic overlap. However, detailed study of phenotypes with different ages of onset, severity, and presentation poses a considerable challenge. Recently developed heritability methods allow us to accurately measure correlation of genome-wide common variant risk between two phenotypes from pools of different individuals and assess how connected they, or at least their genetic risks, are on the genomic level. We used genome-wide association data for 265,218 patients and 784,643 control participants, as well as 17 phenotypes from a total of 1,191,588 individuals, to quantify the degree of overlap for genetic risk factors of 25 common brain disorders. RATIONALE Over the past century, the classification of brain disorders has evolved to reflect the medical and scientific communities' assessments of the presumed root causes of clinical phenomena such as behavioral change, loss of motor function, or alterations of consciousness. Directly observable phenomena (such as the presence of emboli, protein tangles, or unusual electrical activity patterns) generally define and separate neurological disorders from psychiatric disorders. Understanding the genetic underpinnings and categorical distinctions for brain disorders and related phenotypes may inform the search for their biological mechanisms. RESULTS Common variant risk for psychiatric disorders was shown to correlate significantly, especially among attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder (MDD), and schizophrenia. By contrast, neurological disorders appear more distinct from one another and from the psychiatric disorders, except for migraine, which was significantly correlated to ADHD, MDD, and Tourette syndrome. We demonstrate that, in the general population, the personality trait neuroticism is significantly correlated with almost every psychiatric disorder and migraine. We also identify significant genetic sharing between disorders and early life cognitive measures (e.g., years of education and college attainment) in the general population, demonstrating positive correlation with several psychiatric disorders (e.g., anorexia nervosa and bipolar disorder) and negative correlation with several neurological phenotypes (e.g., Alzheimer's disease and ischemic stroke), even though the latter are considered to result from specific processes that occur later in life. Extensive simulations were also performed to inform how statistical power, diagnostic misclassification, and phenotypic heterogeneity influence genetic correlations. CONCLUSION The high degree of genetic correlation among many of the psychiatric disorders adds further evidence that their current clinical boundaries do not reflect distinct underlying pathogenic processes, at least on the genetic level. This suggests a deeply interconnected nature for psychiatric disorders, in contrast to neurological disorders, and underscores the need to refine psychiatric diagnostics. Genetically informed analyses may provide important "scaffolding" to support such restructuring of psychiatric nosology, which likely requires incorporating many levels of information. By contrast, we find limited evidence for widespread common genetic risk sharing among neurological disorders or across neurological and psychiatric disorders. We show that both psychiatric and neurological disorders have robust correlations with cognitive and personality measures. Further study is needed to evaluate whether overlapping genetic contributions to psychiatric pathology may influence treatment choices. Ultimately, such developments may pave the way toward reduced heterogeneity and improved diagnosis and treatment of psychiatric disorders

Search for dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks in √s = 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for weakly interacting massive particle dark matter produced in association with bottom or top quarks is presented. Final states containing third-generation quarks and miss- ing transverse momentum are considered. The analysis uses 36.1 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data recorded by the ATLAS experiment at √s = 13 TeV in 2015 and 2016. No significant excess of events above the estimated backgrounds is observed. The results are in- terpreted in the framework of simplified models of spin-0 dark-matter mediators. For colour- neutral spin-0 mediators produced in association with top quarks and decaying into a pair of dark-matter particles, mediator masses below 50 GeV are excluded assuming a dark-matter candidate mass of 1 GeV and unitary couplings. For scalar and pseudoscalar mediators produced in association with bottom quarks, the search sets limits on the production cross- section of 300 times the predicted rate for mediators with masses between 10 and 50 GeV and assuming a dark-matter mass of 1 GeV and unitary coupling. Constraints on colour- charged scalar simplified models are also presented. Assuming a dark-matter particle mass of 35 GeV, mediator particles with mass below 1.1 TeV are excluded for couplings yielding a dark-matter relic density consistent with measurements

Search for diboson resonances with boson-tagged jets in pp collisions at √s=13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Narrow resonances decaying into WW, WZ or ZZ boson pairs are searched for in 36.7 fb−1 of proton–proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of √s=13 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider in 2015 and 2016. The diboson system is reconstructed using pairs of large-radius jets with high transverse momentum and tagged as compatible with the hadronic decay of high-momentum W or Z bosons, using jet mass and substructure properties. The search is sensitive to diboson resonances with masses in the range 1.2–5.0 TeV. No significant excess is observed in any signal region. Exclusion limits are set at the 95% confidence level on the production cross section times branching ratio to dibosons for a range of theories beyond the Standard Model. Model-dependent lower limits on the mass of new gauge bosons are set, with the highest limit set at 3.5 TeV in the context of mass-degenerate resonances that couple predominantly to bosons