Metallicities of Young Open Clusters I: NGC 7160 and NGC 2232

We present a moderate-resolution spectroscopic analysis of the 10-25 Myr clusters NGC 7160 and NGC 2232, using observations obtained with the WIYN 3.5-m telescope. Both NGC 7160 and NGC 2232 are found to have super-solar metallicities, with a mean [Fe/H] = 0.16 \pm 0.03 (s.e.m.) for NGC 7160, and 0.22 \pm 0.09 (s.e.m.) or 0.32 \pm 0.08 for NGC 2232, depending on the adopted temperature scale. NGC 7160 exhibits solar distributions of Na, Fe-peak, and {\alpha}-elements. NGC 2232 is underabundant in light elements Al and Si, by ~0.25 and ~ 0.15 dex, respectively; [Ni/Fe] is roughly solar. The abundance of lithium in NGC 2232 stars is in agreement with undepleted values reported for other cluster main sequence stars. Our abundances are similar to other metal-rich open clusters and Galactic thin and thick disk stars.Comment: Accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal. 10 figures, 11 tables. Full versions of the data tables can be made available upon email reques

The Single-Case Reporting Guideline In BEhavioural Interventions (SCRIBE) 2016 statement

We developed a reporting guideline to provide authors with guidance about what should be reported when writing a paper for publication in a scientific journal using a particular type of research design: the single-case experimental design. This report describes the methods used to develop the Single-Case Reporting guideline In BEhavioural interventions (SCRIBE) 2016. As a result of 2 online surveys and a 2-day meeting of experts, the SCRIBE 2016 checklist was developed, which is a set of 26 items that authors need to address when writing about single-case research. This article complements the more detailed SCRIBE 2016 Explanation and Elaboration article (Tate et al., 2016) that provides a rationale for each of the items and examples of adequate reporting from the literature. Both these resources will assist authors to prepare reports of single-case research with clarity, completeness, accuracy, and transparency. They will also provide journal reviewers and editors with a practical checklist against which such reports may be critically evaluated. We recommend that the SCRIBE 2016 is used by authors preparing manuscripts describing single-case research for publication, as well as journal reviewers and editors who are evaluating such manuscripts.Funding for the SCRIBE project was provided by the Lifetime Care and Support Authority of New South Wales, Australia. The funding body was not involved in the conduct, interpretation or writing of this work. We acknowledge the contribution of the responders to the Delphi surveys, as well as administrative assistance provided by Kali Godbee and Donna Wakim at the SCRIBE consensus meeting. Lyndsey Nickels was funded by an Australian Research Council Future Fellowship (FT120100102) and Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders (CE110001021). For further discussion on this topic, please visit the Archives of Scientific Psychology online public forum at http://arcblog.apa.org. (Lifetime Care and Support Authority of New South Wales, Australia; FT120100102 - Australian Research Council Future Fellowship; CE110001021 - Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Cognition and Its Disorders)Published versio

The Impact of Occupational Therapy on the Self‐Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review

Objective: To determine the impact of occupational therapy (OT) on the self‐management of function, pain, fatigue, and lived experience for people living with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Five databases and gray literature were searched up to June 30, 2022. Three reviewers screened titles and abstracts, with two independently extracting and assessing full texts using the Cochrane risk of bias (quantitative) and Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (qualitative) tools to assess study quality. Studies were categorized into four intervention types. Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations (GRADE) (quantitative) and GRADE‐ Confidence in Evidence from Reviews of Qualitative research (qualitative) were used to assess the quality of evidence for each intervention type. Results: Of 39 eligible papers, 29 were quantitative (n = 2,029), 4 qualitative (n = 50), and 6 mixed methods (n = 896). Good evidence supports patient education and behavior change programs for improving pain and function, particularly group sessions of joint protection education, but these do not translate to long‐term improvements for RA (>24 months). Comprehensive OT had mixed evidence (limited to home OT and an arthritis gloves program), whereas limited evidence was available for qualitative insights, splints and assistive devices, and self‐management for fatigue. Conclusion: Although patient education is promising for self‐managing RA, no strong evidence was found to support OT programs for self‐managing fatigue or patient experience and long‐term effectiveness. More research is required on lived experience, and the long‐term efficacy of self‐management approaches incorporating OT, particularly timing programs to meet the individual's conditional needs (i.e., early or established RA) to build on the few studies to date

Public and professional involvement in a systematic review investigating the impact of occupational therapy on the self-management of rheumatoid arthritis

Introduction: Public and health professional involvement (PHPI) is essential in healthcare research yet uncommonly integrated into systematic reviews. We incorporated and evaluated PHPI in a mixed methods review of occupational therapy for self-management of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods: Public partners were living with or caring for someone with RA. Our steering group comprised two public, two professionals (one occupational therapist, one rheumatologist), and one reviewer who planned the review’s PHPI (August 2021). Involvement was evaluated from public and health professional (PHP) perspectives using a survey and workshops (August–October 2022) exploring reasons for involvement, challenges and learning opportunities. Results: Alongside the steering group, 16 public and 6 professionals were involved throughout the review. Five public refined the search strategy, with three assisting in subsequent review activities. PHPs helped interpret findings during three public ( n = 12) and one professional workshop ( n = 4). Three occupational therapists and one public co-authored (ED) publications. In evaluation, PHPs felt valued and that their involvement was well-integrated. The researchers underestimated the time required for communicating and conducting PHPI in the review. Conclusions: PHPI is worthwhile, feasible and can be integrated within a systematic review. PHP partners considered participation valuable; researchers must prioritise time to prepare and communicate PHPI activities

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Spiritual attitudes and visitor motivations at the Beltane Fire Festival, Edinburgh.

Outside the peak season for tourism to Edinburgh, Scotland, during the evening of April 30th, visitors attend a festival with ancient Celtic overtones. Frequently, the evening is cold and windy. Our objectives are to: identify motivations for attending the festival; trial questionnaire items on spiritual attitude; and assess whether spirituality might be relevant in assessing visitor intentions. The method of investigation involved exploration and confirmation phases to test structures in distinct subsamples. Further, a strict approach was applied to identify factors that had theoretical value. Spirituality attitude is found to be a factor, as well as the motivations of cultural adventure and escape. Given the nature of the event, the time of year and composition of the audience, encouraging repeat visitation and using this to develop and manage Edinburgh's tourism strategy has potential. Recommendations are made to management

Participation in paid and unpaid work by adults with rheumatoid arthritis

This study explored factors associated with participation in paid and unpaid work by adults with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Up to 50% of people with RA stop employment prematurely because of their illness. Performance of unpaid work, such as household work, home maintenance, care-giving, and volunteering, has been given little attention. A cross-sectional mailed survey was designed in consultation with working age adults with RA. Participation in paid and unpaid work was defined as self-reported number of hours worked "last week." Test-retest reliability coefficients (ICC) for the measures of paid and unpaid work were .99 and .90. Concurrent validity, assessed using a 24-hour diary, was r = .96 for paid work and r = .75 for unpaid work. Potential explanatory factors, conceptually organized as attributes of the person, environment, or occupation, included health and functional status, social support, type of work and work demands. Participants were recruited by written invitation from their rheumatologist (n = 239, 40% of those invited). They were 18 to 66 years old (mean = 50), had RA for an average of 13 years, and 81% were female. They reported an average of 47 hours of work in the week prior to survey date, 19 paid and 28 unpaid hours. Using regression analyses, more hours of paid work were associated with psychologically demanding work, higher social function, less pain, being male, managerial job type, and lower ratings of occupational balance (R² = .25). More hours of unpaid work were associated with more children in the household, more physically and psychologically demanding work, social support from family, and having a post-secondary education (R² = .43). Satisfaction with work performance was associated with higher self-efficacy, greater occupational balance, more skill discretion in one's work, and smaller household size. Seventy-three participants were working less because of their arthritis. Lower functional status, more pain, less psychologically demanding work, and being a household worker were associated with this work limitation due to RA. Study results may influence the content of rehabilitation and education programs aimed at helping people with RA maintain or return to productive occupations, by suggesting some functional and psychosocial factors linked to paid and unpaid work.Medicine, Faculty ofPopulation and Public Health (SPPH), School ofGraduat

Examining the relationship between occupational balance and health in mothers

PURPOSE. To explore the concept of occupational balance and its relationship to physical and mental health in mothers with and without a chronic illness (inflammatory arthritis/IA). METHODS: Three hundred and forty-two women participated in a survey on health, parenting, and household work. Eligibility criteria included having a least one child (under 21) living at home, and for the arthritis group, a rheumatologist-confirmed diagnosis of IA. Four items from prior studies measured attributes of occupational balance: role overload, manageability of occupations, satisfaction with time allocation to occupations, and satisfaction with day’s accomplishments. Health status was measured with the Short Form 36 (SF-36) health survey. Between group differences for mothers with and without arthritis were assessed with t-tests. Associations between occupational balance and health were examined using Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression. RESULTS: Participants ranged from 21 to 60 years of age; the arthritis group (n=190) was slightly older than the comparison group (n=152), with a mean age of 43 vs 40 years, p\u3c0.05. Eighty percent were married/living as married. They typically had 2 children at home, ranging from 1 to 6. Women with arthritis were less likely to be employed outside the home than those without arthritis (59% vs 79%, p\u3c0.05) and the mean hours per week in employment was similar (17.5 and 20, respectively). However, women with arthritis reported substantially fewer hours of unpaid work per week, 52 and 68, respectively, p\u3c0.01. Occupational balance items of manageability, time allocation, and daily accomplishments were significantly lower (problematic) in the arthritis group, p\u3c0.001; the difference for role overload was lower in magnitude but still statistically significant, p=0.02. For the sample as a whole, day’s accomplishments was most strongly associated with both physical and mental health components of the SF-36, followed by time allocation, manageability, and role overload. CONCLUSION: As predicted in theories of occupational or life balance, this study demonstrated an association between four different elements of occupational balance and health status. This is one of the first studies to compare occupational balance of mothers with and without a chronic condition, showing the detrimental impact of arthritis on occupational balance. Examining the construct of occupational balance in samples defined by various occupational roles, in this case mothers, makes both theoretical and empirical contributions to occupational science. Discussion Questions: How do the findings presented here contribute to existing definitions of occupational balance? This study showed that mothers’ satisfaction with accomplishing what they set out to do in a day was the strongest predictor of both physical and mental health, more so than their perception of role overload. What implication does this have for understanding the construct of occupational balance and its impact on health