Measurement of nuclear modification factors of gamma(1S)), gamma(2S), and gamma(3S) mesons in PbPb collisions at root s(NN)=5.02 TeV

The cross sections for ϒ(1S), ϒ(2S), and ϒ(3S) production in lead-lead (PbPb) and proton-proton (pp) collisions at √sNN = 5.02 TeV have been measured using the CMS detector at the LHC. The nuclear modification factors, RAA, derived from the PbPb-to-pp ratio of yields for each state, are studied as functions of meson rapidity and transverse momentum, as well as PbPb collision centrality. The yields of all three states are found to be significantly suppressed, and compatible with a sequential ordering of the suppression, RAA(ϒ(1S)) > RAA(ϒ(2S)) > RAA(ϒ(3S)). The suppression of ϒ(1S) is larger than that seen at √sNN = 2.76 TeV, although the two are compatible within uncertainties. The upper limit on the RAA of ϒ(3S) integrated over pT, rapidity and centrality is 0.096 at 95% confidence level, which is the strongest suppression observed for a quarkonium state in heavy ion collisions to date. © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funded by SCOAP3.Peer reviewe

Electroweak production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions root s =13 TeV

A measurement of the electroweak (EW) production of two jets in association with a Z boson in proton-proton collisions at root s = 13 TeV is presented, based on data recorded in 2016 by the CMS experiment at the LHC corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb(-1). The measurement is performed in the lljj final state with l including electrons and muons, and the jets j corresponding to the quarks produced in the hard interaction. The measured cross section in a kinematic region defined by invariant masses m(ll) > 50 GeV, m(jj) > 120 GeV, and transverse momenta P-Tj > 25 GeV is sigma(EW) (lljj) = 534 +/- 20 (stat) fb (syst) fb, in agreement with leading-order standard model predictions. The final state is also used to perform a search for anomalous trilinear gauge couplings. No evidence is found and limits on anomalous trilinear gauge couplings associated with dimension-six operators are given in the framework of an effective field theory. The corresponding 95% confidence level intervals are -2.6 <cwww/Lambda(2) <2.6 TeV-2 and -8.4 <cw/Lambda(2) <10.1 TeV-2. The additional jet activity of events in a signal-enriched region is also studied, and the measurements are in agreement with predictions.Peer reviewe

A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic

Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges

A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake

Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Pavoroso espetáculo: o culto ao Vesúvio no Rio de Janeiro oitocentista

RESUMO Um dos mais célebres vulcões do planeta, o Vesúvio (Nápoles, Itália), conheceu períodos de intensa atividade no século XIX. Associado ao medo e à desolação, também foi visto, segundo o ideário do romantismo, como uma natureza grandiosa e aterradora, capaz de despertar o prazer do sublime. No Rio de Janeiro, as referências ao vulcão foram numerosas, das notícias na imprensa aos espetáculos do Vesúvio em erupção exibidos nos cosmoramas e em outros entretenimentos ópticos. E finalmente voltaram-se para o imaginário político, com a vinda da imperatriz Teresa Cristina, nascida em Nápoles, e ainda com o fim trágico do líder republicano Silva Jardim, que morreu na cratera do Vesúvio. Entre o desastre, o entretenimento e a política, o objetivo deste artigo é investigar os vários significados que o famoso vulcão assumiu no Rio de Janeiro oitocentista

Pavoroso espetáculo: o culto ao Vesúvio no Rio de Janeiro oitocentista

<p></p><p>ABSTRACT One of the most famous volcanoes of the planet, Vesuvius (Naples, Italy), experienced periods of intense activity in the nineteenth-century. Associated with fear and desolation, according to Romanticism it was also viewed as a symbol of nature’s grandiose and terrifying features, capable of arousing pleasure and a sense of the sublime. In Rio de Janeiro, references to the volcano were plentiful, from news in the press to spectacles of “erupting Vesuvius” in cosmoramas, and other optical entertainments. Finally, Vesuvius was also used in the political imaginary, with the arrival in the city of Empress Teresa Cristina, who was born in Naples, and with the tragic death of Republican leader Silva Jardim, who perished in the crater of the volcano. Between disaster, entertainment, and politics, this article aims to investigate the various meanings the volcano took in nineteenth-century Rio de Janeiro.</p><p></p

« Le dîner est servi ! » La cuisine comme lieu de captivité à Rio de Janeiro au XIXe siècle

Les cuisines des maisons cariocas ont beaucoup changé durant le XIXe siècle. Dans cet article, nous suivons ces transformations en articulant l’étude de leur disposition spatiale, de la culture matérielle qui les caractérise et des acteurs qui y vivent. Ceci permet de voir que les cuisines ont été modifiées lorsque les classes aisées ont commencé à adopter un habitus social promouvant une étiquette stricte, ce qui entraîna l’utilisation d’instruments sophistiqués et une spécialisation des tâches domestiques. Ces changements découlaient également de la volonté de séparer physiquement les maîtres des esclaves dans des lieux où les hommes et les femmes tenus en esclavage travaillaient, circulaient et résidaient.O presente artigo estuda a história da cozinha doméstica no Rio de Janeiro do século XIX, buscando articular as perspectivas do espaço, da cultura material e dos sujeitos históricos. Para tanto, defende que as mudanças ocorridas na espacialidade das cozinhas estiveram ligadas à ascensão de um novo habitus social – entre as classes mais abastadas –, que valorizava rígidas normas de etiqueta, a utilização de artefatos sofisticados e a especialização das tarefas domésticas. Mas também atenderam à necessidade de separação dos corpos de senhores e escravos, já que a cozinha oitocentista era um espaço do cativeiro onde homens e mulheres escravizados trabalhavam, circulavam e moravam.This article studies the evolution of the kitchen in Rio de Janeiro’s houses as domestic spaces during the nineteenth century, seeking to articulate their spatial organization, their characteristic material culture and the agents living there. It argues that the transformations of their spatiality were linked to the rise of a new social habitus – among the wealthier classes, that valued strict norms of etiquette, the use of sophisticated artifacts and the specialization of housework. But it also supports a process of bodies’ separation between masters and servants, since the nineteenth-century kitchen was a space of captivity where enslaved men and women worked, circulated, and lived