Why teachers use bahasa in the Arabic language classroom?

The use of the target language has long been considered an important principle of second language (L2) instruction. Previous research has attempted to quantify the amount of the first language (L1) used in the classroom and has explored the purposes or functions of teachers' ‘lapses’ into their students' L1. The purpose of this qualitative study is to explore the attitudes towards using L1 in Arabic classes among teachers of secondary school in Malaysia which consists of students speaking Bahasa as their L1. Data was collected based on the interviewsof the teachers that teach Arabic language in a school. The respondents of this study weretwo experienced teachers. The findings indicated that L1is still used by the teachers to explain difficult concepts of grammar so that students easily understand linguistics terms, and also to translate new words to ensure that students understand unfamiliar words

Emergence and development of liberal Islam in Indonesia: a critical evaluation

This book reveals the emergence of liberal Islam in Indonesia by tracing the root of historical perspective. In fact, liberal thought emerged long before independence where secular Muslims made their efforts to expose their religious understanding in the community. Initially, liberal thought emerged from the secular group, which tried to portray the religion with the use of Western mirror. Secondly, liberal thought was propagated by those Muslim scholars who, even though quite well versed in the teachings of Islam, tried to understand and explain the same with a purely rationalistic approach. They tend to interpret certain religious text with their own judgment ignoring the rules and principles laid down by authority of Muslim scholars

Essentials of musharakah and mudarabah: Islamic texts on theory of partnership

Essentials of Musharakah and Mudarabah provides a comparative summary of the discussion on joint ventures and partnership as found in the major texts of the schools of Islamic law. The first part presents an outline of the salient features of partnership and financing. It discusses issues pertaining to shirkah al-milk (joint ownership), shirkah al-'aqd (contractual ownership) and its various types, mudarabah (fund management), the relevant conditions and important roles, together with their rationales as expounded by Muslim jurists. The second part comprises an in-depth survey of the theory pertaining to the essence of shirkah in the major schools of Islamic law and how this theory is related to some important aspects of partnership such as the nature of capital. The text is concise, avoiding detailed expositions and illustrations. Necessary explainations and reference to original works in Arabic are provided in the footnotes. The work should prove to be of interest to academics and students of Islamic law and finance, who desire to understand the fiqhi discussion on the topic, and read the text in English

Islamic law: an introduction

This work is an attempt to provide some light into the basic principles of Islamic law in order to understand the purpose of the revelation of rulings in Islam. This understanding is very important to be understood particularly by students and researchers in the field of islamic law. This book also examines five important legal maxims, namely: al-umur bi maqasidiha (matters determined according to intention), al-yaqin la yazulu bi al-shakk (certainty cannot be removed by doubt), al-mashaqqah tajlubu al-taysir (hardship begets facility), la darara wa la dirar (harm shall not be inflicted nor reciprocated) and al-'adah muhakkamah (custom as arbitrary). Theese are considered as supporting sources of Islamic law. In the last part of the work, the development of Islamic from the time of the Prophet (pbuh) till the present is discussed. Finally, the work outlines about the present state of Islamic law and provides some suggestions for the way forward. It is hoped that this work will shed some light for those who are interested in understanding the basics of Islamic law. The author would like to thank the International Islamic University Malaysia for ganting him sabbatical leave and financial assistance for the realisation of this work

Consumerism with Tawhidic paradigm activism with the community in the neighbouring masajid

This study postulates that consumerism activism can be sustained with Tawhidic paradigm through the involvement of local community with masajid. A few masajid have been selected based on the neighbouring to IIUM within 10KM radius. Consumerism activism is part of the SDG No 12 on responsible consumption and production. This study focuses on responsible consumption component, particularly on the awareness part. The study uses focused group and participant observation to obtain views of the participants in the DEBA KENMS SDG Flagship 2019 project. The results of the study suggest that there is very little awareness on consumerism as a whole and almost none on the Tawhidic consumerism awareness despite frequenting to masajid to perform prayers and to listen to sermons and lectures. The study proposes for more activities and concerted efforts between IIUM and the neighbouring community entities

The impact of work autonomy on job satisfaction of academic staff: an empirical examination of government universities in Sri Lanka

This study intends to examine whether work autonomy impacts academic staff members’ job satisfaction of state universities in Sri Lanka. As the research approach, a quantitative approach was employed. In collecting data, a structured questionnaire was used to collect responses from fifteen government universities in Sri Lanka. The multi-stage stratified random sampling method was applied to select a representative sample; and 423 usable questionnaires deemed appropriate for analysis were selected. The validity and reliability tests indicated that the measurement scales met the acceptable standards. The t-test and One-way ANOVA results indicated that depending on the selected demographic factors, current working status, gender, age, and highest level of education the perception on work autonomy of the academic staff members in state universities in Sri Lanka differs. Nevertheless, it was found that marital status and number of children had no impact on the perception of work autonomy. In terms of the regression analysis conducted, it was found out that the work autonomy was a highly significant factor affecting the academic staff members’ overall job satisfaction of state universities in Sri Lanka. This finding is expected to have significant policy implications

Internal and external barriers to effective supply chain management implementation in Malaysian manufacturing companies: a priority list based on varying demographic perspectives

Successful implementation of supply-chain management in a developing country such as Malaysia is considered a major challenge due to lack of awareness and unclear missions and goals. Focusing on this idea, this article compares the ranking of various demographic groups in relation to the internal and external barriers experienced by Malaysian manufacturing companies. The identified lists of internal and external barriers are prioritised using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). Ten respondents with wide ranging experience in SCM provided the necessary information in the prioritisation exercise. The ranking of the respondents from different races, age groups, education levels, employment types, work experience and designations suggests significant variations between these groups in the ranking of the internal and external barriers. The findings of this research provide important information to company managers who desire to implement SCM in a multi-cultural setting such as Malaysia. The onus is on these managers to be cautious in developing a strategic plan for its effective implementation and also in designing programs to overcome SCM obstacles

Fosseal - a sealer mechanism for food waste management

This research aims to identify the behavior of household towards food waste management in the home kitchen and to propose a better way of food waste management method by developing a product. A total of 32 person (24 female and 8 male) were selected for a survey study. Two instruments were developed to collect data; first instrument was photography to show the real situation of waste management in one kitchen and second instrument was a survey questionnaire. The findings indicated that most of the respondents aware of Waste Separate Programme and has tried to separate their home waste. This study also figured out behavior of household on their home food waste management. Most of respondents tie the plastic that contain rubbish before throw it into the Green Bin provided by their authority. The user prefers using small waste bin with a lid to help to prevent from bad smell comes from the waste bin and from insects and other animals. FOSSEAL is a new eco-friendly product that has a potential to improve the waste management at home as well as in formal institution i.e. hospital, school and offices

The diminishing of indigenous artistic tradition in the decorative arts of the mosques in the Malay World

Unlike their counterparts in the Islamic mainland, the vernacular mosques of the Malay World seem to lack the ‘grandeur’ in architecture as well as in ornamentation. During the time that the Muslim world in the western part of the Malay World were achieving artistic and technological breakthrough in mosque architecture, the 17th and 18th century witnessed a period of architectural vacuum whereby no architectural development was recorded. The aim of this study is to analyse the changes taking place in the decorative arts of the mosques built between 15th to 20th century in order to understand how the decorative arts of mosques in the Malay World evolved. By following the routes of Islamisation, the study charted the development in mosque architecture and documents the changes in mosque building elements, design and decorative arts. The study highlights the period in history when the artistic creations were most prominent and the declination of local arts only to be replaced by decorative schemes introduced by Colonial administrations in the 19th and 20th century buildings

Performance of wireless local area networks in Malaysian institutions

Although Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) are widely used in many settings little work has been done in studying their impact and benefits. This study provides empirical indicators on the performance of the WLANs implemented on Malaysian Institutions of Higher Learning Our research adopted Deming’s P-D-C-A Model and modified it to Plan-Implement-Control-Evaluate (P-I-C-E) in establishing a performance measurement for a WLAN; hence WLAN Performance Index (WPi). The measurement consists of four key performance indicators (KPi), reflecting the performance of the four P-I-C-E dimensions. These performance indicators provide a guide for the institutions to take the necessary corrective and preventive actions in attaining an effective WLAN system. Benchmarking was conducted by comparing three institutions in identifying the best WLAN system measures. The WPi is then applied to the three Malaysian public institutions of higher learning (MIPTA), which have implemented such WLAN system. The study reveals the WPi of each of the MIPTA being measured, indicating the strength and weaknesses of each institutions. Also, we suggest corrective actions necessary in achieving an effective and efficient WLAN system. Gap analysis was done to the three MIPTAs findings comparative to the benchmarked WLAN system