Testing blockchain-based systems in the financial domain: a review of the literature

The application of blockchain technology has rapidly seen an increase in adoption and has already been implemented in various areas, including supply chains, the financial sector, government, and healthcare systems. Financial sectors are adopting blockchain technology to react to global economic growth and increasing financial significance. The implementation of blockchain by financial service providers is to improve security, transparency, and efficiency as well as to create more revenue opportunities. Since the blockchain-based system in the financial sector caters to millions of individuals and handles daily transactions involving trillions of dollars, blockchain-based systems testing is necessary to ensure the blockchain meets its purpose. As blockchain technology continues to evolve, the academic community needs a review of relevant and related literature to identify solutions to newly emerging potential challenges in blockchain-based systems testing in the financial industry. At the same time, a review of the literature concerning blockchain-based systems testing in the financial sector has yet to be carried out. Hence, this study aims to acquire a deeper understanding of the existing studies of blockchain-based systems in the financial domain and to discuss the performance and security testing of blockchain-based systems in the financial industry. This study also identifies the significance of blockchain-based systems testing in the financial domain. This research provides an in-depth review of the current papers on testing blockchain-based systems in the financial domain published between 2017 and 2022. The literature was gathered from several sources and platforms. Based on the literature collected and reviewed in this research, it has become evident that there is a limited number of research available concerning blockchain-based systems testing in the financial domain. The current state of knowledge on this subject is still in its early stages, with many aspects yet to be explored and discovered

Cultural edutainment within the context of mixed reality heritage tourism: a systematic review

Within the heritage industry, Extended Reality (XR)is gaining popularity, and one particularly advanced option that stands out is mixed reality (MxR). This cutting-edge technology has the potential to revolutionize how people engage with and communicate cultural heritage, offering immersive experiences. The main objective of this study is to address the various potentialsassociated with implementing sophisticated mixed reality (MxR) technology to enhance user engagement in cultural heritage discovery. The problem statement explores how cutting-edge technology can be harnessed to effectively disseminatetangible and intangible cultural heritage elements in heritage urban landscape tourism sites. This study employs a systematic review methodology utilizing the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) procedure. Extensive searches are conducted across prominent databases, including Scopus, IEEE Xplore, and Web of Science (WoS). After a rigorous filtering process, the resulting dataset consists of 40 pertinent research articles analyzed using a synthesis methodology. The review exploresthree main themes: (1) MxR technology, (2) edutainment, and (3) cultural heritage. The study’s conclusion providesa concise overview of the main findings and implications of incorporating MxR into heritage tourism. It emphasizes the potential of MxR technology in smart tourismenvironments to communicate cultural edutainment experiences effectively. The reportconcludesby recommending further research and development in this domain, acknowledging the significant influence of MxR on the future of historical tourism and cultural edutainment

Op Sky: kerajaan perlu bertindak segera selamatkan penjawat awam

PENJAWAT awam sekali lagi menjadi sasaran utama sindiket perunding kewangan dengan modus operandi yang semakin licik. Terbaharu, kes penipuan melibatkan sebuah syarikat perunding kewangan yang kini dalam siasatan Suruhanjaya Pencegahan Rasuah Malaysia (SPRM) menerusi Op Sky membongkar ribuan penjawat awam diperdaya melalui skim pinjaman peribadi palsu dan melibatkan beberapa selebriti terkemuka tanah air sebagai duta utama bagi menarik minat ramai mangsa. Siasatan awal mendapati syarikat terbabit menawarkan bantuan untuk mendapatkan pinjaman dengan janji menyelesaikan hutang lapuk. Bagaimanapun, pinjaman tersebut dibuat atas dokumen yang dipalsukan, malah dalam banyak kes, pemohon tidak

Access to justice: with reference to international and domestic law

The Universal Declaration of Human Rights 1948 provides that all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. In Malaysia, the basic concept of equality before the law and equal protection of the law is contained in art. 8(1) of the Federal Constitution. Discrimination implies unfair treatment of two or more persons or subjects on grounds such as race, gender, disability, age and religious belief, among others.1 Discrimination may be categorised into direct and indirect discrimination. The former occurs when someone is treated less favourably than others, while the latter occurs when certain rules or regulations put certain individuals at a disadvantage. Discrimination may arise in numerous circumstances, and this includes access to justice. Having said the above, this chapter discusses access to justice as a fundamental human right with reference to international instruments and domestic laws

Toward an understanding of the robot rights spectrum: an integrative framework from an Islamic economics perspective

Purpose – This paper aims to explore the role and relationship of ethics and morals in technology, specifically examining how Islam, as a religion that emphasizes spirituality and sacredness, can uniquely influence the concept of robot rights. Design/methodology/approach – The existing literature on robot rights and Islamic perspectives has been critically reviewed to address the study’s objectives. Findings – In Islam, robots are viewed similarly to property ownership, where the owner holds responsibilities rather than absolute control. Islamic ownership rights are distinct compared to conventional ownership models. In Islam, private ownership is limited, as God is considered the ultimate owner of all assets. Assets, including robots, must be managed according to Islamic values and ethics. Unlike conventional ownership, where the owner can dispose of their property without justification, Islamic principles grant more rights to assets (including robots). This difference arises from the sacred origins of economic resources in Islam, which extends to the treatment of assets as inputs in an economy. Therefore, spirituality, as defined in Islam, uniquely influences the rights of robots. Originality/value – As robotics becomes an increasingly significant part of our lives, religion plays a growing role in shaping the ethical and moral framework within which robots operate. This study is among the first to present an integrative framework and evaluate robot rights from an Islamic economics perspectiv

Makna simbolik pondok masyarakat Orang Asli suku kaum Jakun di Kampung Sentosa, Lenga, Johor

Binaan pondok masyarakat Orang Aslisuku kaum Jakundibina sepenuhnya menggunakan sumber alamdan mampu mencerminkan jati diri bagikaum Orang Asli.Sekiranya kajian dan pendedahanmengenai pembinaan pondok Orang Aslitidak diketengahkan, makna simbolik pembinaan tersebutakan dilupakan oleh generasi akan datang. Oleh hal yang demikian, kajian ini dijalankan untuk mengenal pasti bahan binaan pondok masyarakat Orang Asli suku kaum Jakun di Kampung Sentosa, Lenga, Johor. Selain itu,analisis terhadap makna simbolik turut dijalankan bagi setiap bahan binaan pondok tersebut. Kajian ini mengaplikasikan pendekatan kualitatif dengan menjalankan temu bual dan pemerhatian di kawasan lapangan kajian. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa bahan binaan yang digunakan untuk membina pondok terdiri daripada Bengkawan, Buluh Tilan, Gantung Atap, Rotan Jawa dan Tiang Kayu. Setiap bahan binaan juga dianalisis untuk menemukan makna simbolik seperti Bengkawan dengan simbolik setia kawan, bentuk ikan Tilan yang membawa simbolik kepada Buluh Tilan, Rotan Jawa dari kepulauan Jawa, dan Tiang Kayusebagai simbolik kekuatan dan ketuanan individu dalam membina sesebuah pondok

CFD analysis of hydrogen gas behaviour in a multi-zone flow system: a parametric study

The ANSYS CFD analysis made use of hydrogen in this study. The investigation aims at understanding the behaviour of hydrogen gas in such interactions with the inlet air and other fluid zones around it. Such research took advantage of sophisticated simulation tools to offer useful insights into gas flow and mixing patterns, thereby justifying why hydrogen could possibly become an alternative fuel one day (hydrogen is future-oriented). In addition, a model was created to establish the interaction between combustion involving hydrogen as well as tanks of inlet air. This was done on volumes for such tanks. Many factors affect performance and efficiency for different operational conditions of hydrogen gas that were explored through elaborate simulations. These findings should improve our comprehension about physics involved which plays an important role in enhancement of systems using hydrogen for power generation and also help various industries' operations using this element in their processes. It is research that looks at the complicated flow structures and behaviours that arise in fluid domains to uncover key parameters for better designs and more efficient hydrogen systems. Consequently, it is expected that the present study will help future designs of hydrogen technology so that they play a part of sustainable energy sourc