A case study on expired drugs: The potential corrosion inhibitory activity of expired labetalol drug in 1M HCl for plain carbon steel

In this work expired drug namely, labetalol has been used as a corrosion inhibitor in a stirred acidic medium (1M HCl) with mass loss measurement and electro analytical techniques. . The efficiency of the inhibitor increases as the temperature increases from 30-60°C. The results reveal that maximum inhibition efficiency is observed as 91.66% for 500 ppm. Potentiodynamic polarization measurement implies that it perform as a mixed type inhibitor. FT-IR analysis prove that corrosion product is formed on the mild steel surface. When compared with metal in IM HCl, it includes a shielding layer on the surface of mild steel by controlling further attack of acid. SEM and SFM surface morphology study have also been performed to confirm the effect of labetalol on metal. In addition to that, DFT is also carried out to analyse HOMO, LUMO, ΔE and Mulliken charges

Impact of maternal antibodies and microbiota development on the immunogenicity of oral rotavirus vaccine in African, Indian, and European infants: a prospective cohort study

Identifying risk factors for impaired oral rotavirus vaccine (ORV) efficacy in low-income countries may lead to improvements in vaccine design and delivery. We measured maternal rotavirus antibodies, environmental enteric dysfunction (EED), and bacterial gut microbiota development among infants receiving two doses of Rotarix in India (n = 307), Malawi (n = 119), and the UK (n = 60), using standardised methods across cohorts. ORV shedding and seroconversion rates were significantly lower in Malawi and India than the UK. Maternal rotavirus-specific antibodies in serum and breastmilk were negatively correlated with ORV response in India and Malawi, and this was mediated partly by a reduction in ORV replication. In the UK, ORV replication was not inhibited despite comparable maternal antibody levels. In both India and Malawi, pre-vaccination microbiota diversity was negatively correlated with ORV immunogenicity, suggesting that high early-life microbial exposure may contribute to impaired vaccine efficacy

Sustainable supply chain management towards disruption and organizational ambidexterity:A data driven analysis

Balancing sustainability and disruption of supply chains requires organizational ambidexterity. Sustainable supply chains prioritize efficiency and economies of scale and may not have sufficient redundancy to withstand disruptive events. There is a developing body of literature that attempts to reconcile these two aspects. This study gives a data-driven literature review of sustainable supply chain management trends toward ambidexterity and disruption. The critical review reveals temporal trends and geographic distribution of literature. A hybrid of data-driven analysis approach based on content and bibliometric analyses, fuzzy Delphi method, entropy weight method, and fuzzy decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory is used on 273 keywords and 22 indicators obtained based on the experts’ evaluation. The most important indicators are identified as supply chain agility, supply chain coordination, supply chain finance, supply chain flexibility, supply chain resilience, and sustainability. The regions show different tendencies compared with others. Asia and Oceania, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Africa are the regions needs improvement, while Europe and North America show distinct apprehensions on supply chain network design. The main contribution of this review is the identification of the knowledge frontier, which then leads to a discussion of prospects for future studies and practical industry implementation

A case study on expired drugs: The potential corrosion inhibitory activity of expired labetalol drug in 1M HCl for plain carbon steel

180-186In this work expired drug namely, labetalol has been used as a corrosion inhibitor in a stirred acidic medium (1M HCl) with mass loss measurement and electro analytical techniques. . The efficiency of the inhibitor increases as the temperature increases from 30-60°C. The results reveal that maximum inhibition efficiency is observed as 91.66% for 500 ppm. Potentiodynamic polarization measurement implies that it perform as a mixed type inhibitor. FT-IR analysis prove that corrosion product is formed on the mild steel surface. When compared with metal in IM HCl, it includes a shielding layer on the surface of mild steel by controlling further attack of acid. SEM and SFM surface morphology study have also been performed to confirm the effect of labetalol on metal. In addition to that, DFT is also carried out to analyse HOMO, LUMO, ΔE and Mulliken charge

Graphdiyne–ZnO Nanohybrids as an Advanced Photocatalytic Material

The utility of carbonaceous materials for hybrid semiconductor photocatalysts has been rapidly increasing in recent years due to the synergetic effect via interfacial charge transfer reactions. In this study, we prepared a novel graphdiyne–ZnO nanohybrid by the hydrothermal method and examined its photocatalytic properties on the degradation of two azo dyes (methylene blue and rhodamine B). Interestingly, the graphdiyne–ZnO nanohybrids showed superior photocatalytic properties than that of the bare ZnO nanoparticles as evidenced by the absorption spectra and total organic carbon analyses. Moreover, the rate constant of graphdiyne–ZnO nanohybrids is nearly 2-fold higher compared to that of the bare ZnO nanoparticles on the photodegradation of both azo dyes. Further, a plausible mechanism for the enhanced photocatalytic properties of the graphdiyne–ZnO nanohybrids has been discussed. This work on the development of graphdiyne-based semiconductor photocatalysis can provide new insights into the design of novel hybrid photocatalysts for potential applications in the environmental remediation sectors