54 research outputs found
Ingesta insuficiente de calcio en la población adulta de la Comunitat Valenciana
Introduction: mineral calcium is essential for bone health throughout life. This study aims to evaluate the prevalence of inadequate calcium intake in adults from the Valencian Community. Material and methods: the Autonomous Community of Valencia Nutrition Survey 2010-2011, a cross-sectional population study, was used as the data source, which collected data on calcium intake using one 24-h recall. The final sample was 1206 (597 men and 609 women) subjects older than 18 years.Results: an average calcium intake of 741.4 mg/person/day (SD= 334.9), 757.8 mg/person/day (SD= 350.0) in men and 725.3 mg/person/day (SD= 319.0) in women was estimated. The results of insufficient intake obtained according to the levels of the estimated average requirements were 70.6% (95%CI: 68.0-73.2), 75.4% higher in women (95%CI: 72.0-78.2) than in men 65.7% (95%CI: 61.9-69.5). The prevalence was 83.8% (95%CI: 81.7-85.9) for the recommended dietary allowances and the differences by sex were significant (p<0,05). The estimated prevalence was highest by age group in those older than 70 years in both cases, 85.5% (95%CI: 80.0-91.0) and 94.3% (95%CI: 90.7-97, 9) respectively. Conclusions: there is evidence of a high prevalence of inadequate calcium intake in adult population from the Autonomous Community of Valencia. Studies should be carried out to evaluate the influence of these findings on related pathologies (osteoporosis, osteoporotic fracture).Introducción: el calcio mineral es esencial para la salud ósea a lo largo de toda la vida. Este estudio pretende evaluar la prevalencia de ingesta insuficiente de calcio en adultos de la Comunitat Valenciana. Material y métodos: se ha utilizado como fuente de datos la Encuesta de Nutrición de la Comunitat Valenciana 2010-2011, estudio poblacional transversal, que recogió los datos de ingestión de calcio mediante un recordatorio dietético de 24 horas. La muestra final fue de 1206 sujetos mayores de 18 años (597 hombres y 609 mujeres). Resultados: se estimó una ingesta media de calcio de 741,4 mg/persona/día (DE=334,9), observando en hombres una ingesta de 757,8 mg/persona/día (DE=350,0), y en mujeres de 725,3 mg/persona/día (DE=319,0). Los resultados de ingesta insuficiente obtenidos según los niveles de los requerimientos medios estimados fue de un 70,6% (IC95%: 68,0-73,2), siendo mayor en mujeres 75,4% (IC95%: 72,0-78,2) que en hombres 65,7% (IC95%: 61,9-69,5). Para los valores de ingestas recomendadas la prevalencia fue de un 83,8% (IC95%: 81,7-85,9), siendo significativas las diferencias por sexo (p<0,05). Por grupos de edad la prevalencia estimada fue máxima en los mayores de 70 años en ambos casos, 85,5% (IC95%: 80,0-91,0) y 94,3% (IC95%: 90,7-97,9) respectivamente. Conclusiones: Se observa la existencia de una prevalencia elevada de ingesta insuficiente de calcio en la población adulta de la Comunitat Valenciana. Se deberían implementar estudios que evaluasen la influencia de estos hallazgos sobre patologías relacionadas (osteoporosis, fractura osteoporótica)
Assessing the psychological impact of Beirut Port blast: A cross-sectional study
Beirut Port blast's magnitude is considered the third after Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings. This blast occurred in the densely populated section of Beirut, leaving more than six thousand injured patients. The psychological disturbances were assessed in the blast survivors who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) at the American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC). This was a cross-sectional study at the ED of AUBMC. Identified patients were contacted and consented to participate in the study. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) was selected as an outcome. Depression, PTSD, and concussion were assessed using patient health questionnaire (PHQ)-9, PTSD checklist for DSM-5 (PCL5), and brain injury symptoms (BISx) tools, respectively. The association of patients and injury characteristics with the study outcome was assessed using logistic regression. 145 participants completed the study procedures. The participants' average age was 39.8 ± 15.4 years, and 60% were males. Almost half of the participants showed depression on PHQ, and 2-thirds had PTSD. The participant's age was negatively associated with PTSD, whereas being a female, having depression, and having a concussion were positively associated with PTSD. The results of this study were in line with the previous literature report except for the association between younger age and PTSD, which warrants further investigations to delineate the reasons
Disulfiram-induced cytotoxicity and endo-lysosomal sequestration of zinc in breast cancer cells
Disulfiram, a clinically used alcohol-deterrent has gained prominence as a potential anti-cancer agent due to its impact on copper-dependent processes. Few studies have investigated zinc effects on disulfiram action, despite it having high affinity for this metal. Here we studied the cytotoxic effects of disulfiram in breast cancer cells, and its relationship with both intra and extracellular zinc. MCF-7 and BT474 cancer cell lines gave a striking time-dependent biphasic cytotoxic response between 0.01 and 10 μM disulfiram. Co-incubation of disulfiram with low-level zinc removed this effect, suggesting that availability of extracellular zinc significantly influences disulfiram efficacy. Live-cell confocal microscopy using fluorescent endocytic probes and the zinc dye Fluozin-3 revealed that disulfiram selectively and rapidly increased zinc levels in endo-lysosomes. Disulfiram also caused spatial disorganization of late endosomes and lysosomes, suggesting they are novel targets for this drug. This relationship between disulfiram toxicity and ionophore activity was consolidated via synthesis of a new disulfiram analog and overall we demonstrate a novel mechanism of disulfiram-cytotoxicity with significant clinical implications for future use as a cancer therapeutic
Clinical trials treating focal segmental glomerulosclerosis should measure patient quality of life
Optimal therapy of patients with steroid-resistant primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) remains controversial. This report describes the initial study design, baseline characteristics, and quality of life of patients enrolled in the FSGS Clinical Trial, a large multicenter randomized study of this glomerulopathy comparing a 12-month regimen of cyclosporine to the combination of mycophenolate mofetil and oral dexamethasone. Patients with age ranging 2–40 years, with an estimated glomerular filtration rate >40 ml/min per 1.73 m2, a first morning urine protein-to-creatinine ratio over one, and resistant to corticosteroids were eligible. The primary outcome was complete or partial remission of proteinuria over 52 weeks after randomization. In all, 192 patients were screened, of whom 138 were randomized for treatment. Ethnic distributions were 53 black, 78 white, and 7 other. By self- or parent-proxy reporting, 26 of the 138 patients were identified as Hispanic. The baseline glomerular filtration rate was 112.4 (76.5, 180.0) ml/min per 1.73 m2, and urine protein was 4.0 (2.1, 5.3) g/g. Overall, the quality of life of the patients with FSGS was lower than healthy controls and similar to that of patients with end-stage renal disease. Thus, the impact of FSGS on quality of life is significant and this measurement should be included in all trials
Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search
Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe
Burnout among surgeons before and during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: an international survey
Background: SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has had many significant impacts within the surgical realm, and surgeons have been obligated to reconsider almost every aspect of daily clinical practice. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study reported in compliance with the CHERRIES guidelines and conducted through an online platform from June 14th to July 15th, 2020. The primary outcome was the burden of burnout during the pandemic indicated by the validated Shirom-Melamed Burnout Measure. Results: Nine hundred fifty-four surgeons completed the survey. The median length of practice was 10 years; 78.2% included were male with a median age of 37 years old, 39.5% were consultants, 68.9% were general surgeons, and 55.7% were affiliated with an academic institution. Overall, there was a significant increase in the mean burnout score during the pandemic; longer years of practice and older age were significantly associated with less burnout. There were significant reductions in the median number of outpatient visits, operated cases, on-call hours, emergency visits, and research work, so, 48.2% of respondents felt that the training resources were insufficient. The majority (81.3%) of respondents reported that their hospitals were included in the management of COVID-19, 66.5% felt their roles had been minimized; 41% were asked to assist in non-surgical medical practices, and 37.6% of respondents were included in COVID-19 management. Conclusions: There was a significant burnout among trainees. Almost all aspects of clinical and research activities were affected with a significant reduction in the volume of research, outpatient clinic visits, surgical procedures, on-call hours, and emergency cases hindering the training. Trial registration: The study was registered on clicaltrials.gov "NCT04433286" on 16/06/2020
Ingesta insuficiente de calcio en la población adulta de la Comunitat Valenciana
Introduction: Mineral calcium is essential for bone health throughout life. This study aims to
evaluate the prevalence of inadequate calcium intake in adults from the Valencian Community.
Material and Methods: The Autonomous Community of Valencia Nutrition Survey 2010-2011, a cross-sectional population study, was used as the data source, which collected data on calcium intake using one 24-h recall. The final sample was 1,206 (597 men and 609 women) subjects older than 18 years.
Results: An average calcium intake of 741.4mg/person/day (SD=334.9), 757.8mg/person/day (SD=350.0) in men and 725.3mg/person/day (SD=319.0) in women was estimated. The results of insufficient intake obtained according to the levels of the estimated average requirements were 70.6% (95%CI:68.0–73.2), 75.4% higher in women (95%CI:72.0–78.2) than in men 65.7% (95%CI:61.9–69.5). The prevalence was 83.8% (95%CI:81.7–85.9) for the recommended dietary allowances and the differences by sex were significant (p<0,05). The estimated prevalence was highest by age group in those older than 70 years in both cases, 85.5% (95%CI:80.0–91.0) and 94.3% (95%CI:90.7–97,9) respectively.
Conclusions: There is evidence of a high prevalence of inadequate calcium intake in adult
population from the Autonomous Community of Valencia. Studies should be carried out to
evaluate the influence of these findings on related pathologies (osteoporosis, osteoporotic
fracture).Introducción: el calcio mineral es esencial para la salud ósea a lo largo de toda la vida. Este estudio pretende evaluar la prevalencia de ingesta insuficiente de calcio en adultos de la Comunitat Valenciana.
Material y métodos: se ha utilizado como fuente de datos la Encuesta de Nutrición de la Comunitat Valenciana 2010-2011, estudio poblacional transversal, que recogió los datos de ingestión de calcio mediante un recordatorio dietético de 24 horas. La muestra final fue de 1206 sujetos mayores de 18 años (597 hombres y 609 mujeres).
Resultados: se estimó una ingesta media de calcio de 741,4 mg/persona/día (DE=334,9), observando en hombres una ingesta de 757,8 mg/persona/día (DE=350,0), y en mujeres de 725,3 mg/persona/día (DE=319,0). Los resultados de ingesta insuficiente obtenidos según los niveles de los requerimientos medios estimados fue de un 70,6% (IC95%: 68,0-73,2), siendo mayor en mujeres 75,4% (IC95%: 72,0-78,2) que en hombres 65,7% (IC95%: 61,9-69,5). Para los valores de ingestas recomendadas la prevalencia fue de un 83,8% (IC95%: 81,7-85,9), siendo significativas las diferencias por sexo (p<0,05). Por grupos de edad la prevalencia estimada fue máxima en los mayores de 70 años en ambos casos, 85,5% (IC95%: 80,0-91,0) y 94,3% (IC95%: 90,7-97,9) respectivamente.
Conclusiones: Se observa la existencia de una prevalencia elevada de ingesta insuficiente de calcio en la población adulta de la Comunitat Valenciana. Se deberían implementar estudios que evaluasen la influencia de estos hallazgos sobre patologías relacionadas (osteoporosis, fractura osteoporótica)
Predictors for hospital admission in emergency department patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A retrospective review.
ObjectiveThis study aims to assess the incidence of Emergency Department (ED) visits for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), describe patient characteristics, management practices and predictors of inpatient admission of BPPV patients.MethodsThis was a retrospective chart review of patients presenting with BPPV to a single ED between November 2018 and August 2020. Patients' characteristics, ED management, discharge medications, disposition and unscheduled return visits were determined.ResultsIn total, 557 patients were included. Average age was 49 years, 54.2% were females and 12.4% required hospital admission. In the ED, 51.1% received intravenous hydration, 33.8% received anti-emetics, 10.1% received benzodiazepines, 31.8% underwent canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRMs) and 56.7% were discharged on acetyl-leucine. Of discharged patients, 2.5% had unscheduled return visits. A higher likelihood of admission was associated with age above 54 years (aOR = 4.86, pConclusionWhile BPPV is a benign diagnosis, a significant number of patients presenting to the ED require admission. Predictors of admission include older age, PPIs use and ED treatment with anti-emetics and benzodiazepines. Although CRMs are the gold standard for management, CRMs usage did not emerge as protective from admission, and our overall usage was low
Predictors for hospital admission in emergency department patients with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo: A retrospective review.
This study aims to assess the incidence of Emergency Department (ED) visits for benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), describe patient characteristics, management practices and predictors of inpatient admission of BPPV patients. This was a retrospective chart review of patients presenting with BPPV to a single ED between November 2018 and August 2020. Patients' characteristics, ED management, discharge medications, disposition and unscheduled return visits were determined. In total, 557 patients were included. Average age was 49 years, 54.2% were females and 12.4% required hospital admission. In the ED, 51.1% received intravenous hydration, 33.8% received anti-emetics, 10.1% received benzodiazepines, 31.8% underwent canalith repositioning maneuvers (CRMs) and 56.7% were discharged on acetyl-leucine. Of discharged patients, 2.5% had unscheduled return visits. A higher likelihood of admission was associated with age above 54 years (aOR = 4.86, p<0.001, 95% CI [2.67, 8.86]), home use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) (aOR = 2.44, p = 0.03, 95% CI [1.08, 5.53]), use of anti-emetics and benzodiazepines in the ED (aOR = 2.34, p = 0.003, 95% CI [1.34, 4.07]) and (aOR = 2.18, p = 0.04, 95% CI [1.03, 4.64]), respectively. While BPPV is a benign diagnosis, a significant number of patients presenting to the ED require admission. Predictors of admission include older age, PPIs use and ED treatment with anti-emetics and benzodiazepines. Although CRMs are the gold standard for management, CRMs usage did not emerge as protective from admission, and our overall usage was low
The potential of online technologies in meeting PLD needs of rural teachers
In this paper we review the professional learning and development (PLD) needs of teachers in rural and remote schools, focusing on the Australian context. We argue that online PLD is an emerging alternative to face-to-face arrangements for the continuing education of teachers, which can connect to rural contexts through attending to considerations of relevance, collaboration, and future focus. We describe challenges to the uptake of online PLD initiatives and exemplify online PLD approaches with potential in rural schools. There is support for the utility of online PLD comprising blended approaches, online coaching and mentoring, co-design by teachers, rich discussions and interactions, and longer-term online relationship building to support the needs of rural teachers
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