A characteristic particle method for traffic flow simulations on highway networks

A characteristic particle method for the simulation of first order macroscopic traffic models on road networks is presented. The approach is based on the method "particleclaw", which solves scalar one dimensional hyperbolic conservations laws exactly, except for a small error right around shocks. The method is generalized to nonlinear network flows, where particle approximations on the edges are suitably coupled together at the network nodes. It is demonstrated in numerical examples that the resulting particle method can approximate traffic jams accurately, while only devoting a few degrees of freedom to each edge of the network.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures. Accepted to the proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop Meshfree Methods for PDE 201

Couplings of light I=0 scalar mesons to simple operators in the complex plane

The flavour and glue structure of the light scalar mesons in QCD are probed by studying the couplings of the I=0 mesons $\sigma(600)$ and $f_0(980)$ to the operators $\bar{q}q$, $\alpha_s G^2$ and to two photons. The Roy dispersive representation for the $\pi\pi$ amplitude $t_0^0(s)$ is used to determine the pole positions as well as the residues in the complex plane. On the real axis, $t_0^0$ is constrained to solve the Roy equation together with elastic unitarity up to the K\Kbar threshold leading to an improved description of the $f_0(980)$. The problem of using a two-particle threshold as a matching point is discussed. A simple relation is established between the coupling of a scalar meson to an operator $j_S$ and the value of the related pion form-factor computed at the resonance pole. Pion scalar form-factors as well as two-photon partial-wave amplitudes are expressed as coupled-channel Omn\`es dispersive representations. Subtraction constants are constrained by chiral symmetry and experimental data. Comparison of our results for the $\bar{q}q$ couplings with earlier determinations of the analogous couplings of the lightest I=1 and $I=1/2$ scalar mesons are compatible with an assignment of the $\sigma$, $\kappa$, $a_0(980)$, $f_0(980)$ into a nonet. Concerning the gluonic operator $\alpha_s G^2$ we find a significant coupling to both the $\sigma$ and the $f_0(980)$.Comment: 31 pages, 5 figure

Efectos del programa "Mi clase favorita" para la mejora de la producción oral del inglés en niños de primer grado de primaria de la IE FAP José A. Quiñones

Tesis para optar el título de Licenciada en EducaciónEsta tesis se propone mostrar que para lograr la habilidad en speaking (producción oral), una de las cuatro habilidades que conforman la enseñanza del idioma inglés (listening, speaking, reading, writing), es necesario que el docente conozca los principios que deben ser considerados para que esta competencia se haga posible. Enseñar el inglés no solo requiere que el docente posea dominio lingüístico sino también un dominio metodológico, de manera que propicie mejores aprendizajes en dicha lengua extranjera.Índice general Índice general .................................................................................................................. 2 Introducción .................................................................................................................... 4 CAPÍTULO I................................................................................................................... 7 PLANTEAMIENTO DEL PROBLEMA ..................................................................... 7 1.1. Descripción del problema.................................................................................... 7 1.1.1 Formulación del problema................................................................................ 10 1.2. Formulación de objetivos.................................................................................. 10 1.2.1. Objetivo general.................................................................................................. 10 1.2.2. Objetivos Específicos.......................................................................................... 11 1.3. Justificación.......................................................................................................... 11 1.4. Limitaciones de la investigación ........................................................................... 11 CAPÍTULO II .............................................................................................................. 13 MARCO TEÓRICO .................................................................................................... 13 2.1. Antecedentes de la investigación .......................................................................... 13 2.2 Bases teóricas........................................................................................................... 18 2.2.1. Recursos didácticos............................................................................................. 18 2.2.1.1 Clasificación de Recursos Didácticos. ............................................................. 19 2.2.1.2. Criterios para la clasificación de Recursos Didácticos................................. 21 2.2.2. Producción oral. .................................................................................................. 22 2.2.2.1. Tipos de situaciones de habla para los niños................................................. 24 2.2.2.2. Actividades comunicativas basadas en la precisión...................................... 24 2.2.2.3. Actividades comunicativas basadas en la fluidez.......................................... 24 2.2.3. Naturaleza del programa “Mi clase favorita”.................................................. 27 2.2.4. Objetivos del programa..................................................................................... 28 2.2.5. Formulación de las hipótesis............................................................................. 29 CAPÍTULO III.............................................................................................................. 30 METODOLOGÍA......................................................................................................... 30 3.1 Método de investigación ......................................................................................... 30 3.2 Diseño de investigación........................................................................................... 30 3.3 Sujetos de investigación.......................................................................................... 31 3.3.1 Criterios de inclusión y exclusión de la muestra ............................................... 31 3.4 Instrumentos............................................................................................................ 32 3.4.1 Programa “Mi clase favorita” ............................................................................ 32 3.4.2 Test de Cambrigde............................................................................................... 32 3.5 Procedimiento para la recolección de datos. ........................................................ 33 CAPÍTULO IV.............................................................................................................. 34 RESULTADOS ............................................................................................................. 34 4.1 Resultados................................................................................................................ 34 4.2 Resultados descriptivos .......................................................................................... 34 4.3 Contrastación de hipótesis ..................................................................................... 36 4.4 Análisis y discusión de resultados.......................................................................... 41 CAPÍTULO V ............................................................................................................... 44 CONCLUSIONES Y RECOMENDACIONES.......................................................... 44 5.1 Conclusiones....................................................................................................... 44 5.2 Recomendaciones.................................................................................................... 45 REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICAS........................................................................ 46 ANEXO 1 DESARROLLO DEL PROGRAMA “MI CLASE FAVORITA”......... 49 ANEXO 2 ESTRUCTURA DEL TEST DE CAMBRIGDE ..................................... 62 ANEXO 3 RESULTADOS DE APLICACIÓN DEL PRE Y POST TEST ……….63Tesí

Fitting the integrated Spectral Energy Distributions of Galaxies

Fitting the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of galaxies is an almost universally used technique that has matured significantly in the last decade. Model predictions and fitting procedures have improved significantly over this time, attempting to keep up with the vastly increased volume and quality of available data. We review here the field of SED fitting, describing the modelling of ultraviolet to infrared galaxy SEDs, the creation of multiwavelength data sets, and the methods used to fit model SEDs to observed galaxy data sets. We touch upon the achievements and challenges in the major ingredients of SED fitting, with a special emphasis on describing the interplay between the quality of the available data, the quality of the available models, and the best fitting technique to use in order to obtain a realistic measurement as well as realistic uncertainties. We conclude that SED fitting can be used effectively to derive a range of physical properties of galaxies, such as redshift, stellar masses, star formation rates, dust masses, and metallicities, with care taken not to over-interpret the available data. Yet there still exist many issues such as estimating the age of the oldest stars in a galaxy, finer details ofdust properties and dust-star geometry, and the influences of poorly understood, luminous stellar types and phases. The challenge for the coming years will be to improve both the models and the observational data sets to resolve these uncertainties. The present review will be made available on an interactive, moderated web page (sedfitting.org), where the community can access and change the text. The intention is to expand the text and keep it up to date over the coming years.Comment: 54 pages, 26 figures, Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Scienc

Measurement of the Bs0→J/ψKS0B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0 branching fraction

The $B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ branching fraction is measured in a data sample corresponding to 0.41$fb^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected with the LHCb detector at the LHC. This channel is sensitive to the penguin contributions affecting the sin2$\beta$ measurement from $B^0\to J/\psi K_S^0$ The time-integrated branching fraction is measured to be $BF(B_s^0\to J/\psi K_S^0)=(1.83\pm0.28)\times10^{-5}$. This is the most precise measurement to date

Measurement of the CP-violating phase \phi s in Bs->J/\psi\pi+\pi- decays

Measurement of the mixing-induced CP-violating phase phi_s in Bs decays is of prime importance in probing new physics. Here 7421 +/- 105 signal events from the dominantly CP-odd final state J/\psi pi+ pi- are selected in 1/fb of pp collision data collected at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV with the LHCb detector. A time-dependent fit to the data yields a value of phi_s=-0.019^{+0.173+0.004}_{-0.174-0.003} rad, consistent with the Standard Model expectation. No evidence of direct CP violation is found.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figures; minor revisions on May 23, 201

Search for the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in pp collisions at sqrt(s)=7 TeV

A search for a Higgs boson decaying into two photons is described. The analysis is performed using a dataset recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC from pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, which corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 4.8 inverse femtobarns. Limits are set on the cross section of the standard model Higgs boson decaying to two photons. The expected exclusion limit at 95% confidence level is between 1.4 and 2.4 times the standard model cross section in the mass range between 110 and 150 GeV. The analysis of the data excludes, at 95% confidence level, the standard model Higgs boson decaying into two photons in the mass range 128 to 132 GeV. The largest excess of events above the expected standard model background is observed for a Higgs boson mass hypothesis of 124 GeV with a local significance of 3.1 sigma. The global significance of observing an excess with a local significance greater than 3.1 sigma anywhere in the search range 110-150 GeV is estimated to be 1.8 sigma. More data are required to ascertain the origin of this excess.Comment: Submitted to Physics Letters

Search for displaced vertices arising from decays of new heavy particles in 7 TeV pp collisions at ATLAS

We present the results of a search for new, heavy particles that decay at a significant distance from their production point into a final state containing charged hadrons in association with a high-momentum muon. The search is conducted in a pp-collision data sample with a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 33 pb^-1 collected in 2010 by the ATLAS detector operating at the Large Hadron Collider. Production of such particles is expected in various scenarios of physics beyond the standard model. We observe no signal and place limits on the production cross-section of supersymmetric particles in an R-parity-violating scenario as a function of the neutralino lifetime. Limits are presented for different squark and neutralino masses, enabling extension of the limits to a variety of other models.Comment: 8 pages plus author list (20 pages total), 8 figures, 1 table, final version to appear in Physics Letters

Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment

This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw > 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour, are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017 +/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables, revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio