Herring - An alternative to decreasing Baltic cod quotas?

The very restrictive quotas of cod in the Baltic Sea are a strong force for searching alternatives. Since 1996 for instance, the cod quota for the German fishery was reduced from 22 000 t to 13 000 t in the year 2001. And further cuts took place in 2002. However, concerning the Baltic herring, its populations developed well. Nevertheless, the German quota has been used only by 13% because of marketing problems. But these difficulties will be reduced by establishing a new fish processing plant on the island of Ruegen in the near future. Therefore the regional government of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania and a PO of Ruegen took an initiative to investigate the possibilities of a revival the spring herring fishery. Before the German unification in the former German Democratic Republic herring fishing was carried out to a great extent. At this Conference we present a paper to estimate, under which biological and economic conditions the spring herring catch can be an economic alternative for cod fishing in the Baltic Sea for a special fleet segment located in Saßnitz. For this purpose we use a mixed integer simulation model built up and funded by EU in a FAIR-Project. It has now been adapted to the conditions of Baltic herring fishery with 26.5 m German bottom trawlers. Different cost items and returns (prices, catches) can be correctly modelled as activities of linear programming.Keywords: Quotas, Fisheries Economics, Cod/herring, Baltic, Fishery Management, Theoretical and Empirical Bio-Economic Modellin

Genome sequence data of Bacillus velezensis BP1.2A and BT2.4

Here, we report the complete genome sequence data of the biocontrol strains Bacillus velezensis BP1.2A and BT2.4 isolated from Vietnamese crop plants. The size of the genomes is 3,916,868 bp (BP1.2A), and 3,922,686 bp (BT2.4), respectively. The BioProjects have been deposited at NCBI GenBank. The GenBank accession numbers for the B. velezensis strains are PRJNA634914 (BP1.2A) and PRJNA634832 (BT2.4) for the BioProjects, CP085504 (BP1.2A) and CP085505 (BT2.4) for the chromosomes, GCA_013284785.2 (BP2.1A), and GCA_013284785.2 (BT2.4) for GenBank assembly accessions, and SAMN15012571 (BP1.2A) and SAMN15009897 (BT2.4) for the BioSamples. Both genomes were closely related to FZB42, the model strain for plant growth promoting bacilli.Peer Reviewe

Investigation of the potential of Brevibacillus spp. for the biosynthesis of nonribosomally produced bioactive compounds by combination of genome mining with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry

The biosynthetic potential of 11 Brevibacillus spp. strains was investigated by combination of genome mining with mass spectrometric analysis using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. These endophytic, plant associated Brevibacillus strains were isolated from crop plants, such as coffee and black pepper, in Vietnam. Draft genomes of these strains were available. They were classified (a) by comparison with type strains and a collection of genome-sequenced Brevibacillus spp. deposited in the NCBI data base as well as (b) by construction of a phylogenetic tree from the core sequences of publicly available genomes of Brevibacillus strains. They were identified as Brevibacillus brevis (1 strain); parabrevis (2 strains); porteri (3 strains); and 5 novel Brevibacillus genomospecies. Our work was specifically focused on the detection and characterization of nonribosomal peptides produced by these strains. Structural characterization of these compounds was performed by LIFT-MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometric sequence analysis. The highlights of our work were the demonstration of the tyrocidines, a well-known family of cyclodecapeptides of great structural variability, as the main products of all investigated strains and the identification of a novel class of pentapeptides produced by B. brevis; B. schisleri; and B. porteri which we designate as brevipentins. Our biosynthetic studies demonstrate that knowledge of their biosynthetic capacity can efficiently assist classification of Brevibacillus species.Peer Reviewe

Propuesta de un conjunto de practicas vigentes en logistica de distribucion. Aplicacion caso: Tres empresas Alemanas y una Chilena

140 p.Esta Memoria, como su nombre lo indica, se trata de una Investigación sobre las Prácticas de Logística de Distribución de las Empresas de Alimentos más Competitivas de Chile y Alemania. En dicha Investigación se comparan las herramientas y los distintos métodos utilizados para realizar las actividades propias de la Logística de Distribución en empresas de alimentos de estos países. Como herramienta de comparación se utilizó el Benchmarking de tipo Funcional, para el cual se diseñó y elaboró dos Cuestionarios, uno de estos es el “completo” y está destinado a una aplicación en forma más directa entre empresas, ya que requiere una cercanía y comunicación más fluida entre las personas involucradas, este cuestionario contempla los siguientes criterios: Generalidades; Planificación; Sistemas de Información; Racionalización de Procesos; Calidad; y Resultados en Logística de Distribución. El segundo cuestionario fue el que se destinó a la aplicación en esta Memoria, realizada a través de e-mail. Este Cuestionario debido a las limitaciones existentes en su forma de aplicación, fue necesario diseñarlo de tal forma que sea rápido y amigable para los Gerentes de Logística, quienes fueron las personas destinadas a recibir y contestarlo en forma apropiada. Dicho cuestionario recoge información acerca de las prácticas en los tres criterios más importantes e interesantes a investigar: Planificación; Sistemas de Información; y Resultados en Logística de Distribución. Luego de la aplicación, y a pesar de los intentos por convencer a las empresas a participar de esta Investigación, sólo se obtuvieron resultados de tres Empresas Alemanas y una Chilena. El siguiente paso fue la evaluación de estas empresas, utilizando guías de puntuación, y requerimientos especialmente elaborados. Se Identificó una de las Alemanas como la Mejor en su Clase en Logística de Distribución, reportando un 88,1% de cumplimiento de los requerimientos propuestos en esta Memoria, en tanto que la Empresa Chilena reportó un 40,1% de cumplimiento. Las otras dos Empresas Alemanas alcanzaron un nivel similar entre sí, con un 72,2% y 70,7% respectivamente. En esta investigación se revela cada una de las Prácticas utilizadas por las empresas investigadas. El bajo desempeño de la Empresa Chilena, se debió principalmente a que no cuenta con un sistema de Planificación de Procesos sistemático y eficiente en Logística de Distribución. Sin Embargo, a pesar del bajo nivel de utilización de Equipamiento Técnico de Telemática e indicadores de desempeño en Logística de Distribución por parte de la empresa chilena, en Chile se está al alcance de todas estas tecnologías, métodos y herramientas, sólo hace falta interesarse por implementarlos ficientemente para obtener un mejoramiento significativo en los procesos de Logística de Distribución

Two plant-associated Bacillus velezensis strains selected after genome analysis, metabolite profiling, and with proved biocontrol potential, were enhancing harvest yield of coffee and black pepper in large field trials

Elimination of chemically synthesized pesticides, such as fungicides and nematicides, in agricultural products is a key to successful practice of the Vietnamese agriculture. We describe here the route for developing successful biostimulants based on members of the Bacillus subtilis species complex. A number of endospore-forming Gram-positive bacterial strains with antagonistic action against plant pathogens were isolated from Vietnamese crop plants. Based on their draft genome sequence, thirty of them were assigned to the Bacillus subtilis species complex. Most of them were assigned to the species Bacillus velezensis. Whole genome sequencing of strains BT2.4 and BP1.2A corroborated their close relatedness to B. velezensis FZB42, the model strain for Gram-positive plant growth-promoting bacteria. Genome mining revealed that at least 15 natural product biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs) are well conserved in all B. velezensis strains. In total, 36 different BGCs were identified in the genomes of the strains representing B. velezensis, B. subtilis, Bacillus tequilensis, and Bacillus. altitudinis. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated the potential of the B. velezensis strains to enhance plant growth and to suppress phytopathogenic fungi and nematodes. Due to their promising potential to stimulate plant growth and to support plant health, the B. velezensis strains TL7 and S1 were selected as starting material for the development of novel biostimulants, and biocontrol agents efficient in protecting the important Vietnamese crop plants black pepper and coffee against phytopathogens. The results of the large-scale field trials performed in the Central Highlands in Vietnam corroborated that TL7 and S1 are efficient in stimulating plant growth and protecting plant health in large-scale applications. It was shown that treatment with both bioformulations resulted in prevention of the pathogenic pressure exerted by nematodes, fungi, and oomycetes, and increased harvest yield in coffee, and pepper.Peer Reviewe

The twilight of the Liberal Social Contract? On the Reception of Rawlsian Political Liberalism

This chapter discusses the Rawlsian project of public reason, or public justification-based 'political' liberalism, and its reception. After a brief philosophical rather than philological reconstruction of the project, the chapter revolves around a distinction between idealist and realist responses to it. Focusing on political liberalism’s critical reception illuminates an overarching question: was Rawls’s revival of a contractualist approach to liberal legitimacy a fruitful move for liberalism and/or the social contract tradition? The last section contains a largely negative answer to that question. Nonetheless the chapter's conclusion shows that the research programme of political liberalism provided and continues to provide illuminating insights into the limitations of liberal contractualism, especially under conditions of persistent and radical diversity. The programme is, however, less receptive to challenges to do with the relative decline of the power of modern states

Constitutivism

A brief explanation and overview of constitutivism

Philosophy of action

The philosophical study of human action begins with Plato and Aristotle. Their influence in late antiquity and the Middle Ages yielded sophisticated theories of action and motivation, notably in the works of Augustine and Aquinas.1 But the ideas that were dominant in 1945 have their roots in the early modern period, when advances in physics and mathematics reshaped philosophy

Pyramidale Darstellung multivariater Daten

Pyramidale Darstellung multivariater Daten. - Bergisch Gladbach u.a. : Eul, 1993. - 168 S. - Zugl.: Augsburg, Univ., Diss., 1992. - (Reihe: Quantitative Ökonomie ; 44

Das Börsenangebot der Direktbanken

Das Börsenangebot der Direktbanken : e. Analyse d. dt. Marktes / Rainer Lasch ; Klaus Röder. - In: Zeitschrift für Bankrecht und Bankwirtschaft. 30. 1995. S. 342-356. - Auch ersch. als: Arbeitspapiere zur mathematischen Wirtschaftsforschung 130