Bats of Ravenna Training and Logistics Site, Portage and Trumbull Counties, Ohio

Author Institution: Center for North American Bat Research & Conservation, Dept of Ecology & Organismal Biology, Indiana State University, Terre Haute, INAuthor Institution: Environmental Solutions & Innovations Inc., Cincinnati, OHSix species of bats (n = 272) were caught at Ravenna Training and Logistics Site during summer 2004: 122 big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), 100 little brown myotis (Myotis lucifugus), 26 red bats (Lasiurus borealis), 19 northern myotis (Myotis septentrionalis), three hoary bats (Lasiurus cinereus), and two eastern pipistrelles (Pipistrellus subflavus). Catch was 9.7 bats/net site (SD = 10.2) and 2.4 bats/net night (SD = 2.6). No bats were captured at two net sites and only one bat was caught at one site; the largest captures were 33, 36, and 37 individuals. Five of six species were caught at two sites, 2.7 (SD = 1.4) species were caught per net site, and MacArthur’s diversity index was 2.88. Evidence of reproduction was obtained for all species. Chi-square tests indicated no difference in catch of males and reproductive females in any species or all species combined. Evidence was found of two maternity colonies each of big brown bats and little brown myotis. Capture of big brown bats (X2 = 53.738; P <0.001), little brown myotis (X2 = 21.900; P <0.001), and all species combined (X2 = 49.066; P <0.001) was greatest 1 – 2 hours after sunset. Capture of red bats did not vary over the night (X2 = 7.083; P <0.461). Rate of capture was not consistent over the season for big brown bats (X2 = 28.603; P <0.001) or all species combined (X2 = 10.969; P = 0.004), but was similar for little brown myotis (X2 = 4.184; P = 0.123)

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

X-ray Crystallographic Studies of a Bimetallic \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e(PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eN=CHC\u3csub\u3e6\u3c/sub\u3eH\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e-o-O)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCu Complex, the Starting Material, \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e(PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCl)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e, and the Reaction Intermediates \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e(PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e2) \u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e and \u3cem\u3ecis-\u3c/em\u3eMo(CO)\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e (PPh\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eNH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eCH\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3eN=CHC\u3csub\u3e6\u3c/sub\u3eH\u3csub\u3e4\u3c/sub\u3e\u3cem\u3e-o-\u3c/em\u3eOH)\u3csub\u3e2\u3c/sub\u3e

In this paper, we report the crystal structures of a bimetallic trans-[cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2NHCH2CH2N=CH(o-C6H4O)]]Cu Complex (monoclinic space group P2/c), the cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2Cl)2 starting material, (monoclinic space group C2/c) and the two reaction intermediates cis-Mo(CO)4(PPh2NHCH2CH2N=CH(o-C6H4OH)2 (orthorhombic space group P2(1)2(1)2). The dihedral angle between the o-salicylaldiminato groups in the bimetallic complex (36.32(18)°) is considerable large than that in the previously reported trans-[cis-Mo(CO)4-[PPh2NHCH2CH2N=CH(o-C6H4O)]2]Ni complex (12.6°) demonstrating that the coordination preferences of the metal dications have significant effects on the conformations of the bimetallic complexes. The orientations of the phosphinamide ligands bimetallic complex are quite different than are those in the intermediates due to the steric restraints imposed by chelation to the Cu2+

Neonatal gene therapy with a gamma retroviral vector in mucopolysaccharidosis VI cats

Mucopolysaccharidosis (MPS) VI is due to a deficiency in the activity of N-acetylgalactosamine 4-sulfatase (4S), also known as arylsulfatase B. Previously, retroviral vector (RV)-mediated neonatal gene therapy reduced the clinical manifestations of MPS I and MPS VII in mice and dogs. However, sulfatases require post-translational modification by sulfatase-modifying factors. MPS VI cats were injected intravenously (i.v.) with a gamma RV-expressing feline 4S, resulting in 5 ± 3 copies of RV per 100 cells in liver. Liver and serum 4S activity were 1,450 ± 1,720 U/mg (26-fold normal) and 107 ± 60 U/ml (13-fold normal), respectively, and were directly proportional to the liver 4S protein levels for individual cats. This study suggests that sulfatase-modifying factor (SUMF) activity in liver was sufficient to result in active enzyme despite overexpression of 4S. RV-treated MPS VI cats achieved higher body weights and longer appendicular skeleton lengths, had reduced articular cartilage erosion, and reduced aortic valve thickening and aortic dilatation compared with untreated MPS VI cats, although cervical vertebral bone lengths were not improved. This demonstrates that therapeutic expression of a functional sulfatase protein can be achieved with neonatal gene therapy using a gamma RV, but some aspects of bone disease remain difficult to treat.Katherine P Ponder, Thomas M O’Malley, Ping Wang, Patricia A O’Donnell, Anne M Traas, Van W Knox, Gustavo A Aguirre, N Matthew Ellinwood, Jason A Metcalf, Bin Wang, Emma J Parkinson-Lawrence, Meg M Sleeper, Doug A Brooks, John J Hopwood and Mark E Haskin