O Whatsapp no apoio à resolução de problema de matrizes: um produto educacional na EJA

Este artigo traz uma reflexão do produto educacional de minha prática docente e derivada da dissertação de mestrado profissional, onde apresentamos um livro que trata do método da Resolução de Problemas e do ensino e aprendizagem da matemática, trabalhando o conteúdo de Matrizes do Ensino Médio. Como plano de apoio temos a utilização do aplicativo Whatsapp sendo ferramenta pedagógica às aulas. O objetivo principal do produto é de apresentar ao professor, leitor, um relato de experiência fruto investigativo da inserção desta prática e da discussão a respeito de sua contribuição para os processos de raciocínio na resolução de problemas dos conteúdos trabalhados em sala de aula, realizada no segundo bimestre de 2016 em turmas da EJA (Educação de Jovens e Adultos), são apresentadas as analises dos seus comentários feitos no ambiente virtual e as anotações durante a experiência aplicada. Os relatos contidos no livro visam auxiliar o professor com a apresentação desta metodologia de ensino

Memórias do ensino da matemática no grupo escolar dom romualdo de Seixas – Cametá/PA (1960 - 1970)

A pesquisa teve como objetivo descrever e analisar as práticas educativas no ensino da matemática nos anos iniciais da escolarização no Grupo Escolar Dom Romualdo de Seixas - GEDRS (1960- 1970). Para tanto, o trabalho aborda o processo de criação e implantação dos Grupos Escolares primeiramente no Brasil, iniciando em São Paulo, e em seguida enfatizando sua propagação pelo Estado do Pará. Tratamos também sobre a institucionalização do GEDRS na cidade Cametá/PA e suas influências educacionais na região do Baixo Tocantins. Logo após, realizamos uma exposição das memórias de educadores do GEDRS que fizeram parte do contexto educacional compreendido entre 1960 e 1970, onde relataram suas vivências quanto ao ensino da matemática. E por fim, concluímos o trabalho com algumas considerações observadas, tanto com o decorrer da pesquisa quanto aspectos relacionados com as descrições das memórias dos personagens do GEDRS, observando que em Cametá o cenário educacional não acompanhou o desenvolvimento educacional retratado no contexto nacional vigente

Classificação Ecodinâmica no campo de dunas de Petrolina - PE

O campo de dunas de Petrolina localiza-se na região do Submédio São Francisco em Pernambuco. Ele representa um importante patrimônio geomorfológico e paleoclimático, uma vez que indica a ocorrência de remobilização de sedimento por meio da ação eólica em períodos mais secos durante o Quaternário. Tais oscilações climáticas ocorreram durante o Pleistoceno e Holoceno, tendo estreita relação com o Último Máximo Glacial. A área investigada vem sendo ocupada por vários empreendimentos que ameaçam a estabilidade natural da paisagem. Diante desta realidade, foi desenvolvido um estudo que teve como ponto de partida um trabalho de campo, onde se procedeu a coleta de dados na área. Estes foram processados em laboratório e serviram como subsídio para avaliar o grau de estabilidade da paisagem, com base na Classificação Ecodinâmica de Tricart (1977). A partir desta proposta metodológica foi possível concluir que a paisagem do campo de dunas apresenta diferentes meios morfodinâmicos: Estável, Intergrade e Fortemente Instável, conforme será apresentado no corpo da pesquisa. Estes meios variam conforme o maior ou menor grau de intervenção humana e na manutenção da cobertura vegetal natural, que pode impedir ou impulsionar os processos pedogenéticos ou morfogenéticos, configurando a existência de diferentes arranjos espaciais

Análise do processo de ocupação da unidade geomorfológica restinga no bairro do Recife Antigo - Pernambuco

O Recife iniciou seu processo de ocupação no XVI com o povoamento da unidade geomorfológica restinga. Nesse contexto, o trabalho tem como objetivo primordial o estudo do processo de ocupação do bairro do Recife Antigo, o qual tem seu sítio urbano assentado na restinga. A pesquisa vem a contribuir para o entendimento do desenvolvimento do bairro e a modificação da dinâmica natural presente na área. O trabalho foi realizado através do estudo de material histórico de Pernambuco para verificar o quanto à área foi urbanizada. Posteriormente, com a seleção de imagens da restinga ao longo dos anos, foi realizada uma relação com a morfodinâmica da unidade restinga. Nos séculos XVI e XVII a ocupação foi se intensificando a medida que o comércio aumentou e surgiu a necessidade de mais espaço para a urbanização. Assim, começaram os aterros e as construções de cunho mais intenso na restinga e nos demais séculos houve mudanças bruscas tendo a dinâmica da restinga sido alterada para de uma ilha fluvial

CÂNCER DE ESTÔMAGO: FATORES DE RISCO, PREVENÇÃO E TRATAMENTO

Introduction: Stomach cancer poses a major challenge to public health worldwide. This disease is responsible for thousands of deaths every year and significantly impacts the quality of life of patients. Objective: The objective is to increase knowledge about stomach cancer by identifying the main risk factors, as well as the best prevention and treatment strategies. Methodology: A descriptive and qualitative literature review was conducted, analyzing scientific articles related to the research topic. Selection criteria included complete articles published in Portuguese between 2017 and 2022, while exclusion criteria involved duplicate articles, unavailable texts, publications in languages other than Portuguese, and studies published more than 5 years ago. Analysis and discussion of results: There are several risk factors that can increase the likelihood of developing stomach cancer. Among them, infection by the Helicobacter pylori bacterium is one of the most significant. Prevention plays a fundamental role in reducing the incidence of stomach cancer, and adopting simple measures can make a difference. Avoiding smoking and excessive alcohol consumption are essential steps in this process, as these habits are associated with a higher risk of developing the disease. Conclusion: In conclusion, stomach cancer represents a significant challenge to global health, but prevention and adequate treatment play a crucial role in reducing its incidence and increasing survival rates.Introdução: O câncer de estômago representa um grande desafio para a saúde pública em todo o mundo. Essa doença é responsável por milhares de mortes todos os anos e afetam significativamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes. Objetivo: é aumentar o conhecimento sobre o câncer de estomago, identificando os principais fatores de risco, bem como as melhores estratégias de prevenção e tratamento. Metodologia: uma revisão bibliográfica de caráter descritivo e abordagem qualitativa, com análise de literaturas científicas que nos remetam ao objeto de pesquisa. Utilizamos como critérios de seleção da literatura, artigos completos, publicados em português, no período de 2017-2022, e os critérios de exclusão os artigos repetidos, publicações com textos indisponíveis, fora da língua vernácula e estudos com mais de 5 anos de publicação, fora do recorte temporal. Analise e discussão dos resultados: Existem diversos fatores de risco que podem aumentar a probabilidade de desenvolver câncer de estômago. Entre eles, a infecção pela bactéria Helicobacter pylori é um dos mais significativos. prevenção desempenha um papel fundamental na redução da incidência do câncer de estômago, e adotar medidas simples pode fazer a diferença. Evitar o tabagismo e o consumo excessivo de álcool são passos essenciais nesse processo, uma vez que esses hábitos estão associados a um maior risco de desenvolver essa doença Conclusão: Em conclusão, o câncer de estômago representa um desafio significativo para a saúde global, mas a prevenção e o tratamento adequado desempenham um papel crucial na redução de sua incidência e no aumento das taxas de sobrevivência

Clinical And Surgical Anatomy Of Lumbar Hernia: A Review

Lumbar hernia is defined as the presence of failure in the transverse fascia or in the aponeurosis of the transverse abdominal muscle that results in the extrusion of intra or extra peritoneal organs through the discontinuity of the postero lateral abdominal wall. The aim of this study was to conduct a methodical review of the anatomy of the hernia form grynfelt dated from 2006 to 2017. For this, we performed a bibliographic review by means of electronic databases like SciELO, PubMed, Science Direct, LILACS and Bireme to get better approach to the subject. It has been found that the lumbar hernia is a disease little known by doctors whose diagnostics are often performed in the wrong way and for surgical correction needs a good anatomical knowledge. Lumbar hernias, although rare, must be taken into account, since ischemia of herniated intestinal segments can lead to the death of the patient, especially in the elderly. Knowledge about the anatomy of the lumbar region is of vital importance because it makes surgery safe and reduces risks of complications and recidivating of the hernia

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Worldwide trends in underweight and obesity from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 3663 population-representative studies with 222 million children, adolescents, and adults

Background Underweight and obesity are associated with adverse health outcomes throughout the life course. We estimated the individual and combined prevalence of underweight or thinness and obesity, and their changes, from 1990 to 2022 for adults and school-aged children and adolescents in 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 3663 population-based studies with 222 million participants that measured height and weight in representative samples of the general population. We used a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends in the prevalence of different BMI categories, separately for adults (age ≥20 years) and school-aged children and adolescents (age 5–19 years), from 1990 to 2022 for 200 countries and territories. For adults, we report the individual and combined prevalence of underweight (BMI <18·5 kg/m2) and obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2). For schoolaged children and adolescents, we report thinness (BMI <2 SD below the median of the WHO growth reference) and obesity (BMI >2 SD above the median). Findings From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity in adults decreased in 11 countries (6%) for women and 17 (9%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 that the observed changes were true decreases. The combined prevalence increased in 162 countries (81%) for women and 140 countries (70%) for men with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. In 2022, the combined prevalence of underweight and obesity was highest in island nations in the Caribbean and Polynesia and Micronesia, and countries in the Middle East and north Africa. Obesity prevalence was higher than underweight with posterior probability of at least 0·80 in 177 countries (89%) for women and 145 (73%) for men in 2022, whereas the converse was true in 16 countries (8%) for women, and 39 (20%) for men. From 1990 to 2022, the combined prevalence of thinness and obesity decreased among girls in five countries (3%) and among boys in 15 countries (8%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80, and increased among girls in 140 countries (70%) and boys in 137 countries (69%) with a posterior probability of at least 0·80. The countries with highest combined prevalence of thinness and obesity in school-aged children and adolescents in 2022 were in Polynesia and Micronesia and the Caribbean for both sexes, and Chile and Qatar for boys. Combined prevalence was also high in some countries in south Asia, such as India and Pakistan, where thinness remained prevalent despite having declined. In 2022, obesity in school-aged children and adolescents was more prevalent than thinness with a posterior probability of at least 0·80 among girls in 133 countries (67%) and boys in 125 countries (63%), whereas the converse was true in 35 countries (18%) and 42 countries (21%), respectively. In almost all countries for both adults and school-aged children and adolescents, the increases in double burden were driven by increases in obesity, and decreases in double burden by declining underweight or thinness. Interpretation The combined burden of underweight and obesity has increased in most countries, driven by an increase in obesity, while underweight and thinness remain prevalent in south Asia and parts of Africa. A healthy nutrition transition that enhances access to nutritious foods is needed to address the remaining burden of underweight while curbing and reversing the increase in obesit

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions