Estudo de viabilidade técnica e económica do reforço de elementos estruturais

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de mestre em Engenharia CivilO âmbito do presente trabalho visa a realização de um levantamento de três tipos de reforço estrutural comuns nos dias de hoje, o mesmo será feito através de um estudo síntese de obras já realizadas com três tipos de reforço e mencionando algumas obras realizadas em Portugal. O estudo síntese terá como base uma primeira análise a obras que foram alvo de um reforço estrutural com recurso a mantas de carbono, seguido de uma análise a obras com utilização de chapas metálicas e por fim, obras onde o método de reforço estrutural realizado foi o aumento de secção, por encamisamento. Será realizado também uma análise aos materiais a utilizar bem como métodos construtivos, fazendo uma comparação em termos de rendimentos dos três tipos de reforço para assim avaliar o melhor método a adotar para diferentes problemas estruturais. Por fim, a realização de uma análise económica através da mão de obra necessária para a boa realização dos trabalhos de reforço, bem como um levantamento referente ao custo dos materiais a aplicar ou ferramentas a utilizar, estudando os rendimentos necessários e matérias primas para uma boa realização dos trabalhos.The goal of the present work is the realization of a survey of three types of structural reinforcement which are common nowadays. It will be done through a study of the synthesis work´s of construction work already performed with these three types of reinforcement and mentioning some done in Portugal. The synthesis study will be based on a first analysis of works that have undergone a structural reinforcement using carbon blankets, followed by an analysis of works using sheet metal and, finally, works where the method of structural reinforcement carried out was the Increased sectioning, by reinforced concrete jacketing. An analysis of the materials used as well as the constructive methods will be made, comparing the performance of the three types of reinforcement, in order to evaluate the best method to adopt for different structural problems. Finally, an economic analysis will be carried out considering the manpower required for the proper execution of the reinforcement work, as well as a survey of the cost of the materials to be applied or the tools to be used, studying the necessary yields and raw materials necessary for the work.N/

Artificial intelligence to growth stresses predicting in Eucalyptus clones using dendrometric variables and wood density

Eucalyptus planted forests contribute to maximizing lumber production but problems such as longitudinal growth strain can negatively influence the quality of the products. Knowing dendrometric variables and wood properties can help in the prediction of longitudinal growth strain, mainly with the help of artificial intelligence. Thus, the aim of this research was to evaluate the use of artificial neural networks to predict longitudinal growth strain in Eucalyptus trees based on dendrometric variables, spacing between trees and wood density. The longitudinal growth strain was measured in trees of four Eucalyptus clones planted in three spacings. The diameter and height of each tree were measured. The basic wood density was determined. Artificial neural networks were used to estimate longitudinal growth strain as a function of dendrometric variables, tree spacing and wood density. The results showed that the artificial neural networks presented good results for training and validation, with most of them resulting in high correlation coefficient values. The trained artificial neural networks showed a correlation coefficient above 0,56. Artificial neural networks showed that the variables clone and basic wood density were the ones that most contributed to the prediction of longitudinal growth strain. On the other hand, the spacing between trees, the height of the tree and the diameter at breast height were not relevant to predict growth stresses

Vivência acadêmica em grupo de crianças com comportamento atípico do núcleo ampliado de apoio à saúde da família de águas lindas – Ananindeua- Pará / Academic experience in a group of children with atypical behavior of the expanded nucleus to support the health of the beautiful water family - Ananindeua - Pará

O comportamento atípico em crianças pode ser caracterizado por aspectos como desatenção e hiperatividade, encontrados em indivíduos que possuam determinados transtornos e síndromes. Faz-se necessário que o profissional de saúde possua conhecimento para lidar com crianças que possuam este comportamento, porém, observam-se lacunas na formação profissional voltada a este quesito. O objetivo deste estudo foi relatar a vivência acadêmica em grupo de crianças com comportamento atípico do Núcleo Ampliado de Apoio à Saúde da família de Águas Lindas – Ananindeua – Pará. O presente artigo é um relato de experiência das atividades desenvolvidas com um grupo de crianças com comportamento atípico por estagiários do curso de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional; foram realizados três encontros com o grupo e em cada um deles haviam objetivos, tais como: estimular dependência funcional, habilidades motoras, melhorar coordenação, equilíbrio, memória e aperfeiçoar as Atividades de Vida Diária.  Ao longo dos três encontros, as maiores dificuldades encontradas pelos estagiários foram a tonalidade e forma de falar diferente para cada criança, conseguir focá-las nas atividades e a maneira de chamar atenção de cada uma quando ocorrido algum comportamento inadequado, além de tranquiliza-las frente à desorganização de outro colega. Foi concluído que é de suma importância desenvolver atividades que visam autonomia e socialização de tais crianças, além de dar atenção aos pais e não somente à criança durante o atendimento no setor público. Ademais, a experiências com crianças de comportamento atípico é imprescindível para a formação completa de profissionais de Fisioterapia e Terapia Ocupacional

APRENDIZADO MOTOR COM APLICAÇÃO DE LABIRINTO VIRTUAL E REAL NA SÍNDROME DE DOWN

O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a aprendizagem motora em indivíduos com Síndrome de Down (SD). Foram avaliados 28 indivíduos (média de idade de 16,28±2,89 anos) com SD (GE) e com desenvolvimento típico (GC) nas fases: Aquisição (realização 30 vezes labirinto no computador); Retenção (mais 5 repetições); Transferência (5 repetições em folha de papel). Verificou-se melhora do tempo do primeiro (GE=23,58±2,27s; GC=7,21±0,70s) para o último bloco da Aquisição (GE=19,18±2,73s; GC=5,52±0,22s) para ambos os grupos. Na Retenção o GE e o GC mantiveram a média de tempo de execução da tarefa (GE=19,23±1,01s; GC=5,02±0,14s) em comparação ao último bloco da Aquisição. E na Transferência o GE aumentou a média de tempo e o GC manteve (GE=23,98±2,86; GC=5,02±0,05s), em relação à Retenção, sendo que todos os achados foram significativos (

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Goodbye Hartmann trial: a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study on the current use of a surgical procedure developed a century ago

Background: Literature suggests colonic resection and primary anastomosis (RPA) instead of Hartmann's procedure (HP) for the treatment of left-sided colonic emergencies. We aim to evaluate the surgical options globally used to treat patients with acute left-sided colonic emergencies and the factors that leading to the choice of treatment, comparing HP and RPA. Methods: This is a prospective, international, multicenter, observational study registered on ClinicalTrials.gov. A total 1215 patients with left-sided colonic emergencies who required surgery were included from 204 centers during the period of March 1, 2020, to May 31, 2020. with a 1-year follow-up. Results: 564 patients (43.1%) were females. The mean age was 65.9 ± 15.6 years. HP was performed in 697 (57.3%) patients and RPA in 384 (31.6%) cases. Complicated acute diverticulitis was the most common cause of left-sided colonic emergencies (40.2%), followed by colorectal malignancy (36.6%). Severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥ 3b) were higher in the HP group (P < 0.001). 30-day mortality was higher in HP patients (13.7%), especially in case of bowel perforation and diffused peritonitis. 1-year follow-up showed no differences on ostomy reversal rate between HP and RPA. (P = 0.127). A backward likelihood logistic regression model showed that RPA was preferred in younger patients, having low ASA score (≤ 3), in case of large bowel obstruction, absence of colonic ischemia, longer time from admission to surgery, operating early at the day working hours, by a surgeon who performed more than 50 colorectal resections. Conclusions: After 100 years since the first Hartmann's procedure, HP remains the most common treatment for left-sided colorectal emergencies. Treatment's choice depends on patient characteristics, the time of surgery and the experience of the surgeon. RPA should be considered as the gold standard for surgery, with HP being an exception

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe