A method for retrieving endodontic or atypical nonendodontic separated instruments from the root canal: a report of two cases

AIM: This clinical report presents a new method for retrieving separated instruments from the root canal with minimally invasive procedures. BACKGROUND: The presence of separated instrument in root canal may interfere in the endodontic treatment prognosis. There are several recommended methods to retrieve separated instruments, but some are difficult in clinically practice. CASE REPORT: This study describes two cases of separated instrument removal from the root canal using a stainless-steel prepared needle associated with a K-file. Case 1 presented a fractured gutta-percha condenser within the mandibular second premolar, it was separated during incorrect intracanal medication calcium hydroxide placement. Case 2 had a fractured sewing needle within the upper central incisor that the patient used to remove food debris from the root canal. After cervical preparation, the fractured instruments were fitted inside a prepared needle and then an endodontic instrument (#25 K-file) was adapted with clockwise turning motion between the needle inner wall and the fragment. CONCLUSION: The endodontic or atypical nonendodontic separated instrument may be easily pull on of the root canal using a single and low cost device. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: The methods for retrieving separated instruments from root canal are difficult and destructive procedures. The present case describes a simple method to solve this problem.Professor, Department of Endodontics, Dentalis, Redentor School Itaperuna, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilAssociate Professor, Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara, FOAr-UNESP, Departamento de Odontologia Restauradora - 3°andar. Rua Humaitá 1680 Centro CEP 14801-903, Araraquara São Paulo, Brazil, e-mail: [email protected], Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SãoPaulo, BrazilPostgraduate Student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, SãoPaulo, BrazilPostdoctoral Student, Department of Physiology and Pathology, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilProfessor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, BrazilAssociate Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Araraquara Dental School, UNESP-Univ Estadual Paulista, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazi

Transverse momentum spectra of charged particles in proton-proton collisions at 1as=900 GeV with ALICE at the LHC

The inclusive charged particle transverse momentum distribution is measured in proton-proton collisions at s=900 GeV at the LHC using the ALICE detector. The measurement is performed in the central pseudorapidity region (|\u3b7|<0.8) over the transverse momentum range 0.15<10 GeV/c. The correlation between transverse momentum and particle multiplicity is also studied. Results are presented for inelastic (INEL) and non-single-diffractive (NSD) events. The average transverse momentum for |\u3b7|<0.8 is \u3008pT\u3009INEL=0.483\ub10.001 (stat.)\ub10.007 (syst.) GeV/c and \u3008pT\u3009NSD=0.489\ub10.001 (stat.)\ub10.007 (syst.) GeV/c, respectively. The data exhibit a slightly larger \u3008pT\u3009 than measurements in wider pseudorapidity intervals. The results are compared to simulations with the Monte Carlo event generators PYTHIA and PHOJET. \ua9 2010