O itinerário terapêutico revelado pelo familiar da pessoa com mesotelioma maligno : estudo de casos múltiplos

Orientadora: Profª Drª Nen Nalú Alves das MercêsDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação Mestrado Profissional em Enfermagem. Defesa: Curitiba, 13/12/2016Inclui referências : f.148-173Área de concentração: Prática profissional de enfermagemResumo: Conhecer o itinerário terapêutico revelado pelo familiar da pessoa com mesotelioma maligno. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de natureza descritiva, exploratória, utilizando o método de estudos de casos múltiplos. Aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa em Seres Humanos, parecer favorável nº 677.015. Definiu-se a proposição do estudo com a questão norteadora: como ocorreu o itinerário terapêutico da pessoa com mesotelioma maligno revelado pelo familiar? O referencial teórico adotado foi o Sistema de Cuidado à Saúde de Arthur Kleinman, constituído por três subsistemas: o profissional, popular e folclórico. Participaram do estudo seis casos de pessoas que adoeceram e foram a óbito por mesotelioma, assistidas em uma Instituição de Saúde referência no tratamento do câncer e seus familiares, no estado do Paraná. A coleta de dados ocorreu de janeiro a junho de 2016.Os dados foram coletados do prontuário por meio de formulário estruturado, sobre o perfil sócio demográfico e clínico das pessoas com mesotelioma e da narrativa do familiar que acompanhou o itinerário terapêutico percorrido por essa pessoa, através da técnica de entrevista. Para análise dos dados documentais utilizou-se a análise comparativa proposta por Robert Yin e para as narrativas dos familiares a análise de conteúdo de Lawrence Bardin. Dos seis casos descritos nas unidades de análise, quatro eram do sexo masculino e dois do sexo feminino; quatro com diagnóstico de mesotelioma pleural, e dois com mesotelioma peritoneal. As idades variaram entre 44 a 69 anos. Os principais sintomas identificados foram: febre, dor nas costas, dor no estomago, emagrecimento e derrame pleural. A terapêutica instituída foi: quimioterapia e radioterapia. A exposição ao amianto confirmado em um caso. A sobrevida dos primeiros sintomas ao óbito ocorreu de cinco meses a oito anos; e, do diagnóstico de mesotelioma ao óbito variou de quatro meses a cinco anos. Da análise das narrativas dos familiares emergiram sete categorias: reconhecimento do adoecer; cuidados populares e a tentativa de escapar do adoecimento; subsistema popular direciona ao profissional; subsistema profissional: desvendar o mistério da doença; família: supremacia do cuidado; religião: esperança e alento; e, o adoecimento por mesotelioma pela lente do familiar. O inicio do itinerário terapêutico foi marcado pela identificação dos sintomas, com as primeiras práticas populares adotadas. A familia foi a unidade central do cuidado. O subsistema profissional carregou o desafio de desvendar o mistério da doença, com a dificuldade de um diagnóstico acertado. A religião foi a fonte de esperança para as pessoas durante o processo de adoecimento, e a familia carrega o fardo de enfrentar as dificuldades da agressidade da doença, do tratamento até optar por interromper a terapêutica. Os cuidados à saúde adotadas são representadas pela forte ação dos conceitos sócio culturais de cada pessoa. Palavras-chave: Mesotelioma; Atitude frente à saúde; Pacientes; Cuidados de saúde; Família e EnfermagemAbstract: Knowing the therapeutic itinerary revealed by the relative of the person with malignant mesothelioma. It is a qualitative research, of descriptive nature, exploratory, using the method of multiple case studies. Approved by the Ethics Committee on Research on Human Beings, favorable opinion nº 677.015. The study proposition was defined with the guiding question: how did ocurr the therapeutic itinerary of the person with malignant mesothelioma revealed by the relative? The theoretical reference chosen was the Arthur Kleinman Health Care System, made up of three subsystems: the professional, popular and folkloric. Participated in the study six cases of people who fell ill and died due to mesothelioma, attended at a Health Care Institution which is a reference in the treatment of cancer and their relatives, in the state of Paraná. The data were collected from January to June 2016. The data were collected from the medical record by means of a structured form, about the socio demographic and clinical profile of people with mesothelioma and the narrative of the family member who accompanied the therapeutic itinerary lived by this person through the technique of interview. For the analysis of the documentary data was used the comparative analysis proposed by Robert Yin and for the narratives of the relatives the content analysis of Lawrence Bardin. Of the six cases described in the units of analysis, four were male and two female; Four with diagnosis of pleural mesothelioma and two with peritoneal mesothelioma. The ages ranged from 44 to 69 years. The main symptoms identified were: fever, back pain, stomach pain, weight loss and pleural effusion. The therapy instituted was: chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Exposure to asbestos confirmed in one case. The survival of the first symptoms at death occurred from five months to eight years; and from the diagnosis of mesothelioma to death varied from four months to five years. From the analysis of the family narratives emerged seven categories: recognition of the illness; popular care and the attempt to escape from illness; popular subsystem directed to the professional; professional subsystem: unveil the mystery of the disease; family: care supremacy; religion: hope and encouragement; and mesothelioma sickness by the relative view. The beginning of the therapeutic itinerary was marked by the identification of the symptoms with the first popular practices adopted. The family was the central care unit. The professional subsystem carried the challenge of unraveling the mystery of the disease with the difficulty of a correct diagnosis. The religion was the source of hope for people during the process of becoming ill and the family carries the burden of facing the difficulties of the aggression of the disease, from the treatment until to choose stopping the treatment. The health care adopted is represented by the strong action of the socio-cultural concepts of each person. Keywords: Mesothelioma; Attitude towards health; patient; health care; Family;Nursin

Manifestações mágico-religiosas : da pureza à face oculta do cuidado à saúde e doença dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos

Orientadora: Prof.ª Drª. Maria Helena LenardtCoorientadora: Prof.ª Drª. Susanne Elero BetiolliTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Enfermagem. Defesa : Curitiba, 05/03/2021Inclui referências: p. 334-356Resumo: No Paraná, destaca-se um grupo de descendentes de imigrantes vindos da Ucrânia. Esse povo é reconhecido por suas manifestações culturais, que são típicas e antiquíssimas, cultivadas pelos descendentes dessa nação. Em especial, os idosos ucranianos mantêm próximos os costumes e hábitos de seus antepassados, empenham-se para manter intacta a sua identidade étnica na comunidade rural em que vivem. A busca pela interpretação das práticas culturais de cuidados à saúde e doença dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos é um meio eficaz para a construção do conhecimento na área de atuação dos profissionais de saúde e particularmente da enfermagem. Este estudo tem como objetivo geral interpretar as práticas culturais de cuidados à saúde e doença dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos, de uma comunidade rural em São José dos Pinhais, Paraná. A seguinte tese permeou o estudo: as práticas culturais de cuidado à saúde e doença dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos foram moldadas pela cultura de origem. Trata-se de estudo do tipo qualitativo com abordagem microetnográfica, fundamentado no método de Spradley e McCurdy. O tema cultural está alicerçado no referencial teórico da Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural (TDUCC) de Madeleine Leininger. Foram considerados participantes chaves os idosos ? 60 anos de idade selecionados mediante critérios pré-estabelecidos de inclusão/exclusão. As informações etnográficas foram coletadas nos cenários da Unidade Básica de Saúde, espaços coletivos da comunidade e nos domicílios dos idosos, no período de agosto de 2017 a março de 2020, mediante as técnicas de observação participante e entrevista etnográfica. Os registros foram realizados de modo manual e digital, em diário de campo, gravador de áudio e máquina fotográfica. As informações etnográficas foram analisadas concomitantemente à coleta, por meio da construção de domínios e taxonomias culturais. O tema cultural emergiu após o fechamento dos domínios e taxonomias. Das análises etnográficas emergiram seis domínios e taxonomias culturais: 1) comportamentos, rituais e atividades cotidianas: uma maneira de preservar os costumes e tradições de origem dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos; 2) a farmácia do quintal de casa: ervas e plantas medicinais utilizadas para manter a saúde e evitar/tratar doenças; 3) hábitos do cotidiano: maneiras de cuidar da saúde; 4) dar e receber: locais de sociabilidade para sentir-se bem, manter-se ativo e útil; 5) itinerário religioso da casa à igreja: rituais e práticas religiosas como maneira de manter e pedir saúde, proteção e cura em situação de adoecimento/doença; 6) itinerário de saúde e práticas culturais: cuidados à saúde e doença. O tema cultural, intitulado "manifestações mágico-religiosas: da pureza à face oculta dos cuidados à saúde e doença", expressou na forma de asserção, os princípios recorrentes, o que os idosos exprimem como práticas de cuidados à saúde e doença. As manifestações mágico-religiosas expressam um representativo cuidado cultural, uma vez que se observa uma intervenção de cura mágica e poderes divinos presentes na vida desses idosos. A pureza representa a consciência ingênua dos idosos, simbolicamente expressa nas práticas que podem ser mantidas. As práticas que se revelam como uma face oculta de perigo devem ser negociadas ou reestruturadas. O estudo mostrou que as práticas culturais de cuidados à saúde e doença não foram somente moldadas pela cultura de origem, mas também estão alicerçadas em uma multiculturalidade distribuída na cultura de origem rural e nas manifestações mágico-religiosas. O estudo subsidia ações e decisões para um cuidado de enfermagem congruente com a cultura dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos, com vistas à melhoria e efetividade dos cuidados prestados. Palavras-chave: Idoso. Cultura. Enfermagem Geriátrica. Saúde do Idoso. Grupo Étnico.Abstract: In Paraná, a group of descendants of immigrants from Ukraine stands out. These people are recognized for their cultural manifestations, which are typical and very ancient, cultivated by the descendants of that nation. In particular, elderly Ukrainian people keep their traditions and habits of their ancestors; they strive to keep their ethnic identity intact in the rural community where they live. The pursuit of understanding the cultural practices of health care and illness of elderly people that are Ukrainian descendant is an effective way to build knowledge in health professionals' performance, particularly nursing. This essay aims to interpret the cultural practices of health care and illness of elderly people of Ukrainian descent, from a rural community in São José dos Pinhais, Paraná. The following thesis permeated the study: the cultural practices of health care and illness of elderly people of Ukrainian descendants were shaped by the culture of origin. This is a qualitative study with a micro-ethnographic approach, based on the Spradley and MacCurdy method. The cultural theme is based on the theoretical framework of the Theory of Diversity and Universality of Cultural Care (TDUCC) by Madeleine Leininger. Elderly people aged ?60 years-old were selected as key participants based on pre-established inclusion / exclusion criteria. Ethnographic information was collected in the Basic Health Unit, also in collective spaces of the community and at the elders' home, from August 2017 to March 2020, by using the techniques of participant observation and ethnographic interview. The records were performed manually and digitally, in a field diary, audio recorder and camera. Ethnographic information was analyzed concurrently with the collection, through the construction of cultural domains and taxonomies. The cultural theme emerged after the closure of domains and taxonomies. From the ethnographic analysis, six cultural domains and taxonomies emerged: 1) behaviors, rituals and daily activities: a way to preserve the customs and traditions of origin of the elderly descendants of Ukrainians; 2) the backyard pharmacy: herbs and medicinal plants used to maintain health and prevent/treat disease; 3) daily habits: ways to take care of health; 4) giving and receiving: places of sociability to feel good, to remain active and useful; 5) religious itinerary from the house to the church: religious rituals and practices as a way of maintaining and asking for health, protection and healing in the event of illness/disease; 6) health itinerary and cultural practices: health care and illness. The cultural theme, entitled "magical-religious manifestations: from purity to the hidden face of health care and illness", expressed the recurring principles in the form of an assertion, which the elderly people express as health care and illness practices. The magicalreligious manifestations express a representative cultural care, since there is an intervention of magical healing and divine powers present in the lives of these elderly people. Purity represents the naive conscience of the elderly, symbolically expressed in practices that can be maintained. Practices that reveal themselves as a hidden face of danger must be negotiated or restructured. The study showed that the cultural practices of health care and illness were not only shaped by the culture of origin, but are also based on a multiculturalism distributed in the culture of rural origin and in the magical-religious manifestations. The study subsidizes actions and decisions for nursing care consistent with the culture of elderly people of Ukrainian descendants, with a view to improving and effectiveness of the care provided. Keywords: Elderly people. Culture. Geriatric nursing. Elderly people's health. Ethnic Group

Cultural Differences in How to Make Someone Love You

Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP)http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/116109/1/Cultural_Differences_How_to_Make_Someone_Loveyou.pd

Práticas culturais de cuidados à saúde e doença de idosos descendentes de ucranianos

Objetivo: Interpretar as práticas culturais de cuidados à saúde e doença dos idosos descendentes de ucranianos.Método: Pesquisa qualitativa desenvolvida com dois familiares informantes-gerais e 22 idosos informantes-chave, no período de agosto de 2017 a março de 2020, em uma comunidade rural, analisadas por meio de domínios, taxonomias e tema cultural. O temacultural está alicerçado na Teoria da Diversidade e Universalidade do Cuidado Cultural.Resultados: Emergiram quatro domínios e taxonomias culturais e um tema cultural. No tema cultural, o termo “pureza” representa as práticas que podem ser mantidas pelos idosos, família e comunidade. O termo “face oculta de perigo” são práticas que necessitam de negociações e reestruturações, porém, ocupam um espaço valoroso de preservação cultural.Considerações finais: As práticas culturais de cuidados à saúde e doença dos idosos foram moldadas tanto pela cultura de origem ucraniana, como também pela cultura de seu pertencimento atual, a brasileira. Palavras chave: Cultura. Saúde do idoso. Grupos étnicos

ITINERARIO TERAPÉUTICO INFORMADO POR FAMILIARES DE PERSONAS CON MESOTELIOMA: ESTUDIOS DE CASOS MÚLTIPLES

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the therapeutic itinerary revealed by the relatives of individuals with mesothelioma. Method: a multiple case study with a qualitative approach. Six family members of the cases occurred in the state of Paraná (Brazil). Data was collected from medical records and interviews between January and July 2016 and submitted to comparative and content analysis, supported by the Health Care System framework. Results: seven categories emerged from the data: Acknowledgment of the illness; Popular care and the attempt to escape from the illness; The popular subsystem directs to the professional subsystem; Professional subsystem: unraveling the mystery of the disease; Family: care supremacy; Religion: hope and encouragement; and Disease due to mesothelioma from the perspective of the family member. Conclusion: the therapeutic itinerary was built from early symptoms detection and common sense practices. The family was the central unit of care; the professional subsystem, with the challenge of diagnosing the disease, and religion, which represented the person's and family members' hope. Studying the topic can contribute to improve the planning of the health actions promoted to individuals with mesothelioma, from the diagnosis process, treatment to death

IMPACTO DA EXPOSIÇÃO AO AMIANTO NA SAÚDE DA POPULAÇÃO ADULTA: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

Objetivou-se identificar o impacto da exposição ao amianto na saúde da população adulta, nas publicações científicas. Revisão Integrativa de literatura realizada em bases de dados na área da saúde no período de 2005 a 2015. Foram selecionados 15 estudos. Verificou-se o impacto da exposição ao amianto na população adulta com o adoecimento por mesotelioma maligno, asbestose, câncer de pulmão, entre outros; a mortalidade por mesotelioma em trabalhadores conferiu prevalência significativa para o estudo. A taxa mortalidade é preocupante, haja visto que as possibilidades terapêuticas são limitadas. O impacto do amianto ultrapassa os aspectos biológicos, trazendo alterações psicoemocionais significativas na saúde da população. Destaca-se a importância do debate sobre o impacto do amianto na saúde do adulto, principalmente no campo da saúde do trabalhador sobre a necessidade do banimento de seu uso nos países que o mantém em escala industrial e comercial.The objective of this study was to identify the impact of asbestos exposure on the health of the adult population in scientific publications. An integrative literature review was carried out in health databases in the period from 2005 to 2015. Fifteen studies were selected.The impact of asbestos exposure on the adult populationwas observed inthe onset of diseases such as malignant mesothelioma, asbestosis, and lung cancer.Mortality due to mesothelioma in workershad a significant prevalence for the study. Mortality ratesare alarming, considering that the therapeutic possibilities are limited. The impact of asbestos exposure surpasses biological aspects, bringing significant psycho-emotional changes to the health of the population. Therefore, it is important to discuss the asbestos impact on adult health, primarily in worker’s health, regarding the need for banning its use in countries that still use it in industrial and commercial scale.Se objetivó identificar el impacto de la exposición al amianto en la salud de la población adulta, en las publicaciones científicas. Revisión integrativa de literatura realizada en bases de datos del área de salud entre 2005 y 2015. Fueron seleccionados 15 estudios. Se verificó el impacto de exposición al amianto en población adulta con padecimiento de mesotelioma maligno, asbestosis, cáncer de pulmón, etc.; la mortalidad por mesotelioma en trabajadores le confirió prevalencia significativa al estudio. La tasa de mortalidad es preocupante, visto que las posibilidades terapéuticas son limitadas. El impacto del amianto sobrepasa los aspectos biológicos, provocando alteraciones psicoemocionales significativas en la salud de la población. Se destaca la importancia del debate sobre impacto del amianto en la salud del adulto, especialmente en el área de salud del trabajador, enfatizando la necesidad de la prohibición de su utilización en los países que lo mantienen en escala industrial y comercial

Genome-wide associations for birth weight and correlations with adult disease

Birth weight (BW) has been shown to be influenced by both fetal and maternal factors and in observational studies is reproducibly associated with future risk of adult metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes (T2D) and cardiovascular disease. These life-course associations have often been attributed to the impact of an adverse early life environment. Here, we performed a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis of BW in 153,781 individuals, identifying 60 loci where fetal genotype was associated with BW ($\textit{P}$  < 5 × 10$^{-8}$). Overall, approximately 15% of variance in BW was captured by assays of fetal genetic variation. Using genetic association alone, we found strong inverse genetic correlations between BW and systolic blood pressure ($\textit{R}$ $_{g}$ = -0.22, $\textit{P}$  = 5.5 × 10$^{-13}$), T2D ($\textit{R}$ $_{g}$ = -0.27, $\textit{P}$  = 1.1 × 10$^{-6}$) and coronary artery disease ($\textit{R}$ $_{g}$ = -0.30, $\textit{P}$  = 6.5 × 10$^{-9}$). In addition, using large -cohort datasets, we demonstrated that genetic factors were the major contributor to the negative covariance between BW and future cardiometabolic risk. Pathway analyses indicated that the protein products of genes within BW-associated regions were enriched for diverse processes including insulin signalling, glucose homeostasis, glycogen biosynthesis and chromatin remodelling. There was also enrichment of associations with BW in known imprinted regions ($\textit{P}$ = 1.9 × 10$^{-4}$). We demonstrate that life-course associations between early growth phenotypes and adult cardiometabolic disease are in part the result of shared genetic effects and identify some of the pathways through which these causal genetic effects are mediated.For a full list of the funders pelase visit the publisher's website and look at the supplemetary material provided. Some of the funders are: British Heart Foundation, Cancer Research UK, Medical Research Council, National Institutes of Health, Royal Society and Wellcome Trust

Height and body-mass index trajectories of school-aged children and adolescents from 1985 to 2019 in 200 countries and territories: a pooled analysis of 2181 population-based studies with 65 million participants

Summary Background Comparable global data on health and nutrition of school-aged children and adolescents are scarce. We aimed to estimate age trajectories and time trends in mean height and mean body-mass index (BMI), which measures weight gain beyond what is expected from height gain, for school-aged children and adolescents. Methods For this pooled analysis, we used a database of cardiometabolic risk factors collated by the Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factor Collaboration. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate trends from 1985 to 2019 in mean height and mean BMI in 1-year age groups for ages 5–19 years. The model allowed for non-linear changes over time in mean height and mean BMI and for non-linear changes with age of children and adolescents, including periods of rapid growth during adolescence. Findings We pooled data from 2181 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight in 65 million participants in 200 countries and territories. In 2019, we estimated a difference of 20 cm or higher in mean height of 19-year-old adolescents between countries with the tallest populations (the Netherlands, Montenegro, Estonia, and Bosnia and Herzegovina for boys; and the Netherlands, Montenegro, Denmark, and Iceland for girls) and those with the shortest populations (Timor-Leste, Laos, Solomon Islands, and Papua New Guinea for boys; and Guatemala, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Timor-Leste for girls). In the same year, the difference between the highest mean BMI (in Pacific island countries, Kuwait, Bahrain, The Bahamas, Chile, the USA, and New Zealand for both boys and girls and in South Africa for girls) and lowest mean BMI (in India, Bangladesh, Timor-Leste, Ethiopia, and Chad for boys and girls; and in Japan and Romania for girls) was approximately 9–10 kg/m2. In some countries, children aged 5 years started with healthier height or BMI than the global median and, in some cases, as healthy as the best performing countries, but they became progressively less healthy compared with their comparators as they grew older by not growing as tall (eg, boys in Austria and Barbados, and girls in Belgium and Puerto Rico) or gaining too much weight for their height (eg, girls and boys in Kuwait, Bahrain, Fiji, Jamaica, and Mexico; and girls in South Africa and New Zealand). In other countries, growing children overtook the height of their comparators (eg, Latvia, Czech Republic, Morocco, and Iran) or curbed their weight gain (eg, Italy, France, and Croatia) in late childhood and adolescence. When changes in both height and BMI were considered, girls in South Korea, Vietnam, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, and some central Asian countries (eg, Armenia and Azerbaijan), and boys in central and western Europe (eg, Portugal, Denmark, Poland, and Montenegro) had the healthiest changes in anthropometric status over the past 3·5 decades because, compared with children and adolescents in other countries, they had a much larger gain in height than they did in BMI. The unhealthiest changes—gaining too little height, too much weight for their height compared with children in other countries, or both—occurred in many countries in sub-Saharan Africa, New Zealand, and the USA for boys and girls; in Malaysia and some Pacific island nations for boys; and in Mexico for girls. Interpretation The height and BMI trajectories over age and time of school-aged children and adolescents are highly variable across countries, which indicates heterogeneous nutritional quality and lifelong health advantages and risks

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants.

BACKGROUND: Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. METHODS: We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30-79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. FINDINGS: The number of people aged 30-79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306-359) million women and 317 (292-344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584-668) million women and 652 (604-698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55-62) of women and 49% (46-52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43-51) of women and 38% (35-41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20-27) for women and 18% (16-21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. INTERPRETATION: Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings. FUNDING: WHO