ETNOMATEMATIKA PADA KAIN TENUN LIPA KAET

The Indonesian education curriculum requires cultural involvement in learning process, with the aim that students can become generation that have character to preserve culture as the foundation of national character. Mathematical studies in culture are known as ethnomathematics. Ethnomathematics raises cultural wisdom as a mathematics learning resource that can motivate students in the learning process. One of the ethnomathematics objects is woven fabric. The various woven fabric motifs from each region are related to mathematics. One of them is the motif of Lipa Kaet fabric which is originating from the Riung area, Ngada Regency, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This study aims to explore mathematical concepts that exist in the Lipa Kaet fabric from the Riung area, East Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia. This study uses a qualitative method with an ethnographic approach. Data collection techniques used are documentation, observation and interview. The analysis used is descriptive analysis so that it can present information about the relevance of mathematics and culture. According to the results of the study, it can be concluded that there is a relationship between Lipa Kaet motifs and mathematics which is the concept of two dimensional-figure such as rectangular, rhombic, triangular and hexagonal. The motif can be used as a mathematics learning medium especially for junior high school students for the concept of two dimensional-figure

A Global Forum on Ultramafic Ecosystems: From Ultramafic Ecology to Rehabilitation of Degraded Environments

The 9th International Conference on Serpentine Ecology (ICSE) was held in Tirana and Pogradec (Albania) from June 5 to 9, 2017. More than 100 delegates from 29 countries around the world gathered to present their research on recent advances in: (i) ultramafic soils, (ii) biogeochemistry, (iii) diversity of ultramafic flora, microflora and fauna, (iv) ecophysiology of ultramafic-adapted organisms, (v) interactions between ultramafic organisms and their ecology, (vi) nature rehabilitation of degraded ultramafic environments (resulting from mining activities), and (vii) the production of bio-based metals through agromining technology. Additionally, the ICSE featured the first symposium on ultramafic aquatic ecology and ecotoxicology. Albania has one of the most diverse ultramafic floras in Europe. During the conference delegates visited some of the most emblematic ultramafic sites in Albania as well as the first agromining field trial in Europe. Here, we present the major topics and provide some highlights of the 25 contributions in this Special Issue (Vol. 33 no.3 and 4)

Antimicrobial resistance among migrants in Europe: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND: Rates of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) are rising globally and there is concern that increased migration is contributing to the burden of antibiotic resistance in Europe. However, the effect of migration on the burden of AMR in Europe has not yet been comprehensively examined. Therefore, we did a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify and synthesise data for AMR carriage or infection in migrants to Europe to examine differences in patterns of AMR across migrant groups and in different settings. METHODS: For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched MEDLINE, Embase, PubMed, and Scopus with no language restrictions from Jan 1, 2000, to Jan 18, 2017, for primary data from observational studies reporting antibacterial resistance in common bacterial pathogens among migrants to 21 European Union-15 and European Economic Area countries. To be eligible for inclusion, studies had to report data on carriage or infection with laboratory-confirmed antibiotic-resistant organisms in migrant populations. We extracted data from eligible studies and assessed quality using piloted, standardised forms. We did not examine drug resistance in tuberculosis and excluded articles solely reporting on this parameter. We also excluded articles in which migrant status was determined by ethnicity, country of birth of participants' parents, or was not defined, and articles in which data were not disaggregated by migrant status. Outcomes were carriage of or infection with antibiotic-resistant organisms. We used random-effects models to calculate the pooled prevalence of each outcome. The study protocol is registered with PROSPERO, number CRD42016043681. FINDINGS: We identified 2274 articles, of which 23 observational studies reporting on antibiotic resistance in 2319 migrants were included. The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or AMR infection in migrants was 25·4% (95% CI 19·1-31·8; I2 =98%), including meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (7·8%, 4·8-10·7; I2 =92%) and antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative bacteria (27·2%, 17·6-36·8; I2 =94%). The pooled prevalence of any AMR carriage or infection was higher in refugees and asylum seekers (33·0%, 18·3-47·6; I2 =98%) than in other migrant groups (6·6%, 1·8-11·3; I2 =92%). The pooled prevalence of antibiotic-resistant organisms was slightly higher in high-migrant community settings (33·1%, 11·1-55·1; I2 =96%) than in migrants in hospitals (24·3%, 16·1-32·6; I2 =98%). We did not find evidence of high rates of transmission of AMR from migrant to host populations. INTERPRETATION: Migrants are exposed to conditions favouring the emergence of drug resistance during transit and in host countries in Europe. Increased antibiotic resistance among refugees and asylum seekers and in high-migrant community settings (such as refugee camps and detention facilities) highlights the need for improved living conditions, access to health care, and initiatives to facilitate detection of and appropriate high-quality treatment for antibiotic-resistant infections during transit and in host countries. Protocols for the prevention and control of infection and for antibiotic surveillance need to be integrated in all aspects of health care, which should be accessible for all migrant groups, and should target determinants of AMR before, during, and after migration. FUNDING: UK National Institute for Health Research Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, Imperial College Healthcare Charity, the Wellcome Trust, and UK National Institute for Health Research Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare-associated Infections and Antimictobial Resistance at Imperial College London

A review of nature-based solutions for resource recovery in cities

Our modern cities are resource sinks designed on the current linear economic model which recovers very little of the original input. As the current model is not sustainable, a viable solution is to recover and reuse parts of the input. In this context, resource recovery using nature-based solutions (NBS) is gaining popularity worldwide. In this specific review, we focus on NBS as technologies that bring nature into cities and those that are derived from nature, using (micro)organisms as principal agents, provided they enable resource recovery. The findings presented in this work are based on an extensive literature review, as well as on original results of recent innovation projects across Europe. The case studies were collected by participants of the COST Action Circular City, which includes a portfolio of more than 92 projects. The present review article focuses on urban wastewater, industrial wastewater, municipal solid waste and gaseous effluents, the recoverable products (e.g., nutrients, nanoparticles, energy), as well as the implications of source-separation and circularity by design. The analysis also includes assessment of the maturity of different technologies (technology readiness level) and the barriers that need to be overcome to accelerate the transition to resilient, self-sustainable cities of the future

Surgical site infection after gastrointestinal surgery in high-income, middle-income, and low-income countries: a prospective, international, multicentre cohort study

Background: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most common infections associated with health care, but its importance as a global health priority is not fully understood. We quantified the burden of SSI after gastrointestinal surgery in countries in all parts of the world. Methods: This international, prospective, multicentre cohort study included consecutive patients undergoing elective or emergency gastrointestinal resection within 2-week time periods at any health-care facility in any country. Countries with participating centres were stratified into high-income, middle-income, and low-income groups according to the UN's Human Development Index (HDI). Data variables from the GlobalSurg 1 study and other studies that have been found to affect the likelihood of SSI were entered into risk adjustment models. The primary outcome measure was the 30-day SSI incidence (defined by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention criteria for superficial and deep incisional SSI). Relationships with explanatory variables were examined using Bayesian multilevel logistic regression models. This trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT02662231. Findings: Between Jan 4, 2016, and July 31, 2016, 13 265 records were submitted for analysis. 12 539 patients from 343 hospitals in 66 countries were included. 7339 (58·5%) patient were from high-HDI countries (193 hospitals in 30 countries), 3918 (31·2%) patients were from middle-HDI countries (82 hospitals in 18 countries), and 1282 (10·2%) patients were from low-HDI countries (68 hospitals in 18 countries). In total, 1538 (12·3%) patients had SSI within 30 days of surgery. The incidence of SSI varied between countries with high (691 [9·4%] of 7339 patients), middle (549 [14·0%] of 3918 patients), and low (298 [23·2%] of 1282) HDI (p < 0·001). The highest SSI incidence in each HDI group was after dirty surgery (102 [17·8%] of 574 patients in high-HDI countries; 74 [31·4%] of 236 patients in middle-HDI countries; 72 [39·8%] of 181 patients in low-HDI countries). Following risk factor adjustment, patients in low-HDI countries were at greatest risk of SSI (adjusted odds ratio 1·60, 95% credible interval 1·05–2·37; p=0·030). 132 (21·6%) of 610 patients with an SSI and a microbiology culture result had an infection that was resistant to the prophylactic antibiotic used. Resistant infections were detected in 49 (16·6%) of 295 patients in high-HDI countries, in 37 (19·8%) of 187 patients in middle-HDI countries, and in 46 (35·9%) of 128 patients in low-HDI countries (p < 0·001). Interpretation: Countries with a low HDI carry a disproportionately greater burden of SSI than countries with a middle or high HDI and might have higher rates of antibiotic resistance. In view of WHO recommendations on SSI prevention that highlight the absence of high-quality interventional research, urgent, pragmatic, randomised trials based in LMICs are needed to assess measures aiming to reduce this preventable complication

Search for associated production of a Z boson with a single top quark and for tZ flavour-changing interactions in pp collisions at root s=8 TeV

A search for the production of a single top quark in association with a Z boson is presented, both to identify the expected standard model process and to search for flavour-changing neutral current interactions. The data sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 fb−1 recorded by the CMS experiment at the LHC in proton-proton collisions at s√=8s=8 TeV. Final states with three leptons (electrons or muons) and at least one jet are investigated. An events yield compatible with tZq standard model production is observed, and the corresponding cross section is measured to be σ(pp → tZq → ℓνbℓ+ℓ−q) = 10− 7+ 8 fb with a significance of 2.4 standard deviations. No presence of flavour-changing neutral current production of tZq is observed. Exclusion limits at 95% confidence level on the branching fractions of a top quark decaying to a Z boson and an up or a charm quark are found to be ℬ(t → Zu) < 0.022% and ℬ(t → Zc) < 0.049%

Heavy metals concentration of dumping site soils and their accumulation in Alyssum Murale growing in selected dumping sites in Albania

ItSono più di 26 anni che alcune parti dell'industria pesante in Albania, come la industria mineraria e quella metallurgica, sono chiuse e sono abbandonate. Le zone del cumulo rifiuti nel complesso metallurgico in Elbasan e nella miniera di Prrenjas, che occupano grandi superfici, fanno parte della vecchina industria pesante. Come conseguenza, l'inquinamento del suolo in queste zone constituisce una questione importante nei giorni d'oggi. La bonifica del suolo è un metodo per purificare e rivitalizzare il suolo usando piante iperacumulatori. Questo è il processo di rimozione dei contaminanti per proteggere sia la salute della popolazione che dell'ambiente. Lo scopo del nostro studio è di studiare il potenziale di Alyssum murale per estrarre metalli dai rifiuti di scarico. Due esperimenti sono stati condotti con lo stesso tratamento. Per ciascuna zona di cumulo rifiuti, quella di Prrenjas e quella dell complesso metallurgico di Elbasan, (i) i campioni di terreno sono trattati con terreno vegetale di Prrenjas e terreno di Elbasan, e (ii) con il letame, in percentuali diferenti. Per stabilire l'effetto del terreno naturale e del letame sul processo di assorbimento di Ni, la produzione di biomassa e il nichel disponibile, A. murale è stato coltivato su questi campioni di rifiuti. Anche il trifoglio rosso (Trifolium repens), una pinta non-acumulatore, è stato testato in questo esperimento per la ri-vegetazione delle zone di cumulo rifiuti industriali. La fitoestrazione del Ni ed il fattore acumulativo è stato determinate per tutte e due le specie vegetali. Entrambe le zone di cumulo rifiuti sono inquinate con metalli pesanti. La concentrazione di Ni (6859 mg kg-1), Fe (36715 mg kg-1), Cd (22.3 mg kg-1) e Co (286 mg kg-1) era piu elevato nella miniera di Prrenjas, mentre la concentrazione di Cr (7185 mg kg-1), Pb (42.2 mg kg-1) e Zn (135 mg kg-1) era piu elevato nel cumulo rifiuti metallugici di Elbasan. A. murale e T. repens hanno presentato una maggiore toleranza verso Ni. Nell esperimento in vasi, per il T. repens il 1-7% di Ni viene rimosso dal terreno moderatamente contaminato della discarica di Prrenjas ed l' 8.7-29% di Ni dalla zona industriale di Elbasan. For A. murale, il 17-32% di Ni viene rimosso dal terreno di Prrenjas ed il 62% di Ni dalla zona di cumulo rifiuti di Elbasan. Considerando i sopradetti risultati, si puo concludere che A. murale potrebbe essere un utile candidato per le tecnologie di fitoestrazione ex situ in terreni contaminati. Inoltre, entrambe le piante, A. Murale e T. repens, possono essere utilizzate per la rivegetazione delle zone di cumulo rifiuti. L'uso del terreno vegetale è più efficace per migliorare le proprietà dei terreni nelle zone di cumulo rifiuti.EnIt is more than 26 years that some parts of the heavy industry in Albania, such as mining and metallurgy, are closed and fell into disuse. The dumpsites of the metallurgical complex in Elbasan and the Dumpsite of the mine in Prrenjas, which occupy large areas, are part of the old heavy industry. As a consequence, soil pollution in these areas is an important issue nowadays. Soil remediation is a method of purifying and revitalizing the soil by using hyper-accumulator plants. This is the process of removing contaminants in order to protect both the health of the population and the environment. The aim of our study is to investigate the potential of Alyssum murale to extract metals from the dumpsite waste. Two experiments were carried out with the same treatment. For each dumpsite, Prrenjas mine dumpsite and Elbasan metallurgical dumpsite, (i) the soil samples were treated with Prrenjas vegetation soil and Elbasan vegetation soil and (ii) with manure, in different percentages. In order to establish the effect of natural soil and manure on Ni uptake, biomass production and the available nickel, A. murale was grown on this waste samples. The red clover (Trifolium repens) a non-accumulator plant was also tested in this experiment for dumpsite re-vegetation. The nickel phytoextraction and the accumulation factor were determined for both species. Both dumpsites are polluted with heavy metal. The concentration of Ni (6859 mg kg-1), Fe (36715 mg kg-1), Cd (22.3 mg kg-1) and Co (286 mg kg-1) was higher in Prrenjas mine dumpsite, while the concentration of Cr (7185 mg kg-1), Pb (42.2 mg kg-1) and Zn (135 mg kg-1) was higher in Elbasan metallurgal dumpsite. A. murale and T. repens showed a higher tolerance to Ni. In pot experiment, for T. repens 1-7% of DTPA Ni is removed from the contaminated soil of Prrenjas dumpsite and 0.8-2.1% of DTPA Ni from Elbasan industrial dumpsite. For A. murale, 17-32% of DTPA Ni is removed from Prrenjas dumpsite and 8.7-29% of Ni from Elbasan industrial dumpsite. Considering the above results, it can be concluded that A. murale could be a useful candidate for ex - situ phytoextraction technologies in contaminated soils. Moreover, both plants, A. murale and T. repens, could be used for dumping site re-vegetation. The usage of vegetative soil is more effective for improving the properties of dumpsite soils

Une approche didactique des outils BIM au service de la durabilité : vers une conception écologique numériquement assistée

La compétence en Simulations de la Performance Energétique (SPE) est un atout fondamental pour un architecte. Être capable de lire des résultats de simulation et d’adapter sa conception en conséquence est devenu une capacité essentielle chez les architectes diplômés. Cependant, enseigner la SPE aux étudiants peut être difficile, souvent en raison de la complexité des logiciels et des méthodes, mais aussi de la multitude des informations qui entrent en jeu. Afin de sensibiliser au rôle des outils BIM dans l’amélioration de la performance énergétique, cet article propose et expérimente une approche d’optimisation simplifiée basée sur trois différentes méthodes de simulation. L’expérimentation de ces méthodes a démontré leur capacité à guider la prise de décision vers une conception plus performante et plus respectueuse de son environnement et a suggéré une expérimentation future plus globale de l’approche proposée