Biblio Informa : uma estratégia informativa e de combate a desinformação a partir da biblioteca

The text addresses the process of creating and disseminating an informative product for the academic community served by the Benedicto Monteiro Library (BBM) at the Ananindeua University Campus of the Federal University of Pará (UFPA), located in the Metropolitan Region of Belém, the Biblio Informa. Such a product was thought of as a strategy in the sense of positively influencing the fight against misinformation of library users, anticipating possible information and false news that may reach the local academic community, as well as to publicize services, events and news in the library’s collection. library.O texto aborda o processo de criação e disseminação de um produto informativo para a comunidade acadêmica atendida pela Biblioteca Benedicto Monteiro (BBM) do Campus Universitário de Ananindeua da Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), localizado na Região Metropolitana de Belém, o Biblio Informa. Tal produto foi pensado como estratégia no sentido de influenciar positivamente no combate a desinformação dos usuários da biblioteca, se antecipando a possíveis informações e notícias falsas que por ventura cheguem a comunidade acadêmica local, assim como para divulgar serviços, eventos e as novidades no acervo da biblioteca

Biological development of Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet) Ka-mensky (Nematoda, Metastrongylidae) in Subulina octona Bruguiere (Mollusca, Subulinidae) in laboratory conditions

With the purpose of investigating the biological aspects of Angiostrongylus vasorum (Baillet, 1866) Kamensky, 1905 in Subulina octona Bruguiere, 1789 experimental infections were carried out with the exposure of 90 adult molluscs to 155 L1 of the parasite/mollusc during 24 hours. The intramollus-can larval development was checked out daily through the chemical digestion of four infected molluscs and one molluscs from the control group during 21 days after infection. Until the 6th day post-infection, only Li of the parasite has been observed. On the 7th day; the presence of L2 was detected and from the 13th day on, L3 of A. vasorum also appeared. By means of larval morphometry, it has been observed that, Li had na average size of 335 x 14,5 um whereas L2 had an average size of 440,7 x 33,9 um on the 7th day ofter infection, reaching a, aximal diameter of 41,8 um on the 12th day after infections. The L3 had an average size of 472,4 x 38,7 um on the 13th day day and on the 21st' day after infection the measure was 551,3 x 27,6 um. In order to verify the infectivity of L3, from 5. octona to the definitive host, infection of a dog was undertaken by means of ingestion of tritured molluscs. On the 49th day post-infection, Li was found in the feaces of the dog and at necropsy on the 84th day post-infection adults worms were found in the lungs.

CÂNCER DE BOCA E SAÚDE PÚBLICA

Oral cancer represents a serious challenge for global public health, exacerbated by high rates of smoking and alcohol consumption, which are the main risk factors associated with its incidence. This study's main objective is to discuss oral cancer and multidisciplinary public health strategies for monitoring and treatment. The adoption of new strategies for early detection and detailed analysis of the incidence of this condition have the potential to generate substantial savings for health systems by reducing costs related to hospital admissions, use of medical resources and the need for specialized professionals. To achieve these objectives, a narrative review of the literature was carried out, based on recognized sources such as SciELO, LILACS, PubMed and Google Scholar. Oral cancer requires a coordinated and effective response from dental services, as it profoundly impacts patients' quality of life during treatment. The research highlights the crucial role of stomatologists and family doctors in implementing preventive measures, highlighting the importance of Family Health Strategies in coping with the disease. Furthermore, it is imperative to intensify public awareness about oral cancer prevention to reduce its prevalence and improve health outcomes.O câncer bucal representa um grave desafio para a saúde pública global, exacerbado pelos elevados índices de tabagismo e consumo de álcool, que são os principais fatores de risco associados à sua incidência. Este estudo tem como objetivo principal discutir o câncer de boca e estratégias de saúde pública multidisciplinares para acompanhamento e tratamento. A adoção de novas estratégias para a detecção precoce e a análise detalhada da incidência dessa condição têm o potencial de gerar economias substanciais para os sistemas de saúde, ao reduzir os custos relacionados a internações hospitalares, uso de recursos médicos e necessidade de profissionais especializados. Para alcançar esses objetivos, foi realizada uma revisão narrativa da literatura, com base em fontes reconhecidas como SciELO, LILACS, PubMed e Google Scholar. O câncer bucal exige uma resposta coordenada e eficaz dos serviços odontológicos, uma vez que impacta profundamente a qualidade de vida dos pacientes durante o tratamento. A pesquisa ressalta o papel crucial dos estomatologistas e médicos de família na implementação de medidas preventivas, destacando a importância das Estratégias de Saúde da Família no enfrentamento da doença. Além disso, é imperativo intensificar a conscientização pública sobre a prevenção do câncer bucal para reduzir sua prevalência e melhorar os resultados de saúde

ANESTESIA PERIDURAL PARA CIRURGIA ORTOPÉDICA DE QUADRIL EM IDOSOS

Epidural anesthesia is a technique that involves administering local anesthetic close to the spinal cord to block the sensation of pain in a specific region of the body. In orthopedic hip surgeries in the elderly, it is often chosen due to its effective analgesic effect and lower overall impact on the body compared to general anesthesia. However, the decision on the type of anesthesia should be made based on individual medical assessment. Epidural anesthesia works by temporarily blocking pain signals transmitted by nerves in the spinal cord region. A local anesthetic is injected into the epidural space, which is located outside the membrane surrounding the spinal cord. This impedes the conduction of nerve impulses, resulting in numbness and reduced pain sensation in the specific area of ​​the body where the anesthesia is administered. It is a common option for surgeries and procedures involving lower areas of the body, such as orthopedic hip surgery. The objective of this study is to understand the action of epidural anesthesia in this type of procedure. The results of epidural anesthesia generally include the absence of pain in the affected region during the surgical procedure. Furthermore, as epidural anesthesia allows for greater preservation of respiratory function and other autonomic reflexes compared to general anesthesia, it may contribute to faster postoperative recovery.A anestesia peridural é uma técnica que envolve a administração de anestésico local próximo à medula espinhal para bloquear a sensação de dor em uma determinada região do corpo. Em cirurgias ortopédicas de quadril em idosos, ela é frequentemente escolhida devido ao seu efeito analgésico eficaz e menor impacto geral no organismo em comparação com a anestesia geral. No entanto, a decisão sobre o tipo de anestesia deve ser feita com base na avaliação médica individual.A anestesia peridural age bloqueando temporariamente os sinais de dor transmitidos pelos nervos na região da medula espinhal. Um anestésico local é injetado no espaço peridural, que está localizado fora da membrana que envolve a medula espinhal. Isso impede a condução dos impulsos nervosos, resultando em dormência e redução da sensação de dor na área específica do corpo onde a anestesia é administrada. É uma opção comum para cirurgias e procedimentos que envolvem áreas inferiores do corpo, como cirurgias ortopédicas de quadril. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender a ação da anestesia peridural nesse tipo de procedimento. Os resultados da anestesia peridural geralmente incluem a ausência de dor na região afetada durante o procedimento cirúrgico. Além disso, como a anestesia peridural permite maior preservação da função respiratória e outros reflexos autonômicos em comparação com a anestesia geral, pode contribuir para uma recuperação mais rápida pós-operatória

LESÕES CUTÂNEAS EM RECÉM-NASCIDOS SOB CUIDADOS INTENSIVOS: REVISÃO INTEGRATIVA

The Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) is an appropriate therapeutic environment for the treatment of newborns in serious condition, which has the latest technology and diversified equipment, in addition to highly trained and specific professionals for the care of newborns. The objective is to analyze and describe the scientific evidence on the risk factors for the development of cutaneous and care to maintain the integrity of the newborn's skin in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). An integrative literature review was carried out, with a descriptive nature and a qualitative approach. The data search was performed through the Virtual Health Library (VHL), and its databases: BDENF, MEDLINE, LILACS and IBECS. Complete works were included, available in full, that addressed the theme: skin integrity, with an emphasis on care and practices adopted in the NICU, including risk factors and incidence of injuries, in addition to studies that were sampled by preterm NB and the term, published from 2016 to 2021, in Portuguese, English and Spanish. Works that did not present relevant theoretical foundations on the subject were excluded, as well as publications with duplicity. Through the studies, it can be concluded that several factors are associated with the appearance of skin lesions, and prematurity should be highlighted as one of the main points, considering that premature NBs have more sensitive skin, making them more susceptible to the onset of most.La Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN) es un entorno terapéutico adecuado para el tratamiento de recién nacidos en estado grave, que cuenta con tecnología de punta y equipamiento diversificado, además de profesionales altamente capacitados y protocolos específicos para la atención del recién nacido. El objetivo es analizar y describir la evidencia científica sobre los factores de riesgo para el desarrollo de lesiones cutáneas y cuidados para mantener la integridad de la piel del recién nacido en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos Neonatales (UCIN). Se realizó una revisión integradora de la literatura, con carácter descriptivo y enfoque cualitativo. La búsqueda de datos se realizó a través de la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud (BVS) y sus respectivas bases de datos: BDENF, MEDLINE, LILACS e IBECS. Se incluyeron trabajos completos, disponibles en su totalidad, que abordaron el tema: integridad de la piel, con énfasis en los cuidados y prácticas adoptadas en la UCIN, incluyendo factores de riesgo e incidencia de lesiones, así como estudios cuya muestra estuvo constituida por RN prematuros y posteriores, publicado de 2016 a 2021, en portugués, inglés y español. Se excluyeron trabajos que no presentaran fundamentos teóricos relevantes sobre el tema, así como publicaciones con duplicidad. A través de los estudios se puede concluir que varios factores se asocian con la aparición de lesiones cutáneas, destacándose la prematuridad como uno de los principales, considerando que los RN prematuros tienen piel más sensible, siendo más susceptibles a la aparición de lesiones.A Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN) é um ambiente terapêutico apropriado para o tratamento do RN em estado grave, que conta com tecnologia de ponta e equipamentos diversificados, além de profissionais altamente capacitados e protocolos específicos para a assistência ao RN. Objetiva-se analisar e descrever as evidências científicas sobre os fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento de lesões cutâneas e os cuidados para manutenção da integridade da pele do recém-nascido em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN). Foi realizada uma revisão integrativa da literatura, de natureza descritiva e abordagem qualitativa. A busca de dados foi realizada por meio da Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS), e suas respectivas bases de dados: BDENF, MEDLINE, LILACS e IBECS. Foram incluídos trabalhos completos, disponíveis na íntegra, que abordassem o tema: integridade da pele, com ênfase em cuidados e práticas adotadas na UTI neonatal, incluindo fatores de risco e incidência de lesões, além de estudos cuja amostra foi composta por RN pré-termo e a termo, publicados no período de 2016 a 2021, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Excluiu-se trabalhos que não apresentavam fundamentação teórica relevante sobre a temática, além de publicações com duplicidade. Por meio dos estudos, pode-se concluir que diversos fatores estão associados ao aparecimento das lesões cutâneas, devendo-se destacar a prematuridade como um dos principais pontos, tendo em vista que RN prematuro possui uma pele mais sensível, estando mais suscetível ao aparecimento de lesões

Síndrome de Torsades de Pointes: análise de casos: Torsades de Pointes Syndrome: case analysis

A Síndrome de Torsades de Pointes (TdP) é uma taquiarritmia ventricular polimórfica de pacientes com um intervalo QT longo congênito ou induzido por fármacos, cujo eletrocardiograma possui aspecto de “torção das pontas” e os sinais e sintomas característicos são síncope, palpitação ou mesmo evolução para fibrilação ventricular e morte súbita. O sexo mais frequentemente acometido é o feminino, o diagnóstico se baseia no eletrocardiograma e o tratamento preconizado é o sulfato de magnésio (MgSO4) intravenoso, a correção dos distúrbios eletrolíticos, principalmente a hipocalemia e o tratamento da causa base, na TdP farmacoinduzida. O objetivo do estudo é analisar os casos de Síndrome de Torsades de Pointes em pacientes com alterações do intervalo QT no eletrocardiograma. Trata-se de uma revisão bibliográfica integrativa, do tipo quantitativa, que utilizou as plataformas do PubMed, SciELO e Cochrane Library como bases de dados para seleção dos artigos, todos na língua inglesa. Foram utilizadas literaturas publicadas com recorte temporal de 2017 a 2022. De acordo com as literaturas analisadas, conclui-se que a TdP é uma taquiarritmia ventricular polimórfica com um mau prognóstico se não tratada precocemente com o MgSO4 intravenoso e, por ter diversas etiologias, é primordial que o diagnóstico preciso seja estabelecido de forma rápida, devido ao alto índice de mortalidade. Pacientes portadores da síndrome do QT longo congênita, bradicardia sinusal e bloqueio atrioventricular de 1º grau possuem predisposição para o desenvolvimento de TdP. Observa-se escassez na literatura a respeito das formas adequadas de prevenção da TdP, já que muitos pacientes que participam das triagens, muitas das vezes inefetivas, adquirem a síndrome após o uso de drogas que a predispõem, com prolongamento do intervalo QT, ou não sabem que possuem uma SQTL pré-existente, obrigatória para o desenvolvimento da TdP

Impact of COVID-19 on cardiovascular testing in the United States versus the rest of the world

Objectives: This study sought to quantify and compare the decline in volumes of cardiovascular procedures between the United States and non-US institutions during the early phase of the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted the care of many non-COVID-19 illnesses. Reductions in diagnostic cardiovascular testing around the world have led to concerns over the implications of reduced testing for cardiovascular disease (CVD) morbidity and mortality. Methods: Data were submitted to the INCAPS-COVID (International Atomic Energy Agency Non-Invasive Cardiology Protocols Study of COVID-19), a multinational registry comprising 909 institutions in 108 countries (including 155 facilities in 40 U.S. states), assessing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on volumes of diagnostic cardiovascular procedures. Data were obtained for April 2020 and compared with volumes of baseline procedures from March 2019. We compared laboratory characteristics, practices, and procedure volumes between U.S. and non-U.S. facilities and between U.S. geographic regions and identified factors associated with volume reduction in the United States. Results: Reductions in the volumes of procedures in the United States were similar to those in non-U.S. facilities (68% vs. 63%, respectively; p = 0.237), although U.S. facilities reported greater reductions in invasive coronary angiography (69% vs. 53%, respectively; p < 0.001). Significantly more U.S. facilities reported increased use of telehealth and patient screening measures than non-U.S. facilities, such as temperature checks, symptom screenings, and COVID-19 testing. Reductions in volumes of procedures differed between U.S. regions, with larger declines observed in the Northeast (76%) and Midwest (74%) than in the South (62%) and West (44%). Prevalence of COVID-19, staff redeployments, outpatient centers, and urban centers were associated with greater reductions in volume in U.S. facilities in a multivariable analysis. Conclusions: We observed marked reductions in U.S. cardiovascular testing in the early phase of the pandemic and significant variability between U.S. regions. The association between reductions of volumes and COVID-19 prevalence in the United States highlighted the need for proactive efforts to maintain access to cardiovascular testing in areas most affected by outbreaks of COVID-19 infection

Worldwide trends in hypertension prevalence and progress in treatment and control from 1990 to 2019: a pooled analysis of 1201 population-representative studies with 104 million participants

Background Hypertension can be detected at the primary health-care level and low-cost treatments can effectively control hypertension. We aimed to measure the prevalence of hypertension and progress in its detection, treatment, and control from 1990 to 2019 for 200 countries and territories. Methods We used data from 1990 to 2019 on people aged 30–79 years from population-representative studies with measurement of blood pressure and data on blood pressure treatment. We defined hypertension as having systolic blood pressure 140 mm Hg or greater, diastolic blood pressure 90 mm Hg or greater, or taking medication for hypertension. We applied a Bayesian hierarchical model to estimate the prevalence of hypertension and the proportion of people with hypertension who had a previous diagnosis (detection), who were taking medication for hypertension (treatment), and whose hypertension was controlled to below 140/90 mm Hg (control). The model allowed for trends over time to be non-linear and to vary by age. Findings The number of people aged 30–79 years with hypertension doubled from 1990 to 2019, from 331 (95% credible interval 306–359) million women and 317 (292–344) million men in 1990 to 626 (584–668) million women and 652 (604–698) million men in 2019, despite stable global age-standardised prevalence. In 2019, age-standardised hypertension prevalence was lowest in Canada and Peru for both men and women; in Taiwan, South Korea, Japan, and some countries in western Europe including Switzerland, Spain, and the UK for women; and in several low-income and middle-income countries such as Eritrea, Bangladesh, Ethiopia, and Solomon Islands for men. Hypertension prevalence surpassed 50% for women in two countries and men in nine countries, in central and eastern Europe, central Asia, Oceania, and Latin America. Globally, 59% (55–62) of women and 49% (46–52) of men with hypertension reported a previous diagnosis of hypertension in 2019, and 47% (43–51) of women and 38% (35–41) of men were treated. Control rates among people with hypertension in 2019 were 23% (20–27) for women and 18% (16–21) for men. In 2019, treatment and control rates were highest in South Korea, Canada, and Iceland (treatment >70%; control >50%), followed by the USA, Costa Rica, Germany, Portugal, and Taiwan. Treatment rates were less than 25% for women and less than 20% for men in Nepal, Indonesia, and some countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Control rates were below 10% for women and men in these countries and for men in some countries in north Africa, central and south Asia, and eastern Europe. Treatment and control rates have improved in most countries since 1990, but we found little change in most countries in sub-Saharan Africa and Oceania. Improvements were largest in high-income countries, central Europe, and some upper-middle-income and recently high-income countries including Costa Rica, Taiwan, Kazakhstan, South Africa, Brazil, Chile, Turkey, and Iran. Interpretation Improvements in the detection, treatment, and control of hypertension have varied substantially across countries, with some middle-income countries now outperforming most high-income nations. The dual approach of reducing hypertension prevalence through primary prevention and enhancing its treatment and control is achievable not only in high-income countries but also in low-income and middle-income settings

Heterogeneous contributions of change in population distribution of body mass index to change in obesity and underweight NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)

From 1985 to 2016, the prevalence of underweight decreased, and that of obesity and severe obesity increased, in most regions, with significant variation in the magnitude of these changes across regions. We investigated how much change in mean body mass index (BMI) explains changes in the prevalence of underweight, obesity, and severe obesity in different regions using data from 2896 population-based studies with 187 million participants. Changes in the prevalence of underweight and total obesity, and to a lesser extent severe obesity, are largely driven by shifts in the distribution of BMI, with smaller contributions from changes in the shape of the distribution. In East and Southeast Asia and sub-Saharan Africa, the underweight tail of the BMI distribution was left behind as the distribution shifted. There is a need for policies that address all forms of malnutrition by making healthy foods accessible and affordable, while restricting unhealthy foods through fiscal and regulatory restrictions

Plataforma PEnsinar®: a learning tool for teaching the nursing process

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the construction and transition phases undertaken in the development of a virtual learning environment named Plataforma PEnsinar® (PEnsinar Platform®). This platform aims at teaching the nursing process and the nursing classifications NANDA International, NIC, NOC and ICNP®. Method: this is a methodological and technological development research that used construction and transition phases of the software development process named Rational Unified Process. Results: the software was developed in the construction phase. Unit and integration tests of components of interfaces were held. In the transition phase, the complete system was showed to the users. It was completely working considering the applicability and employment, under conditions to be implemented and evaluated. Conclusion: the study showed how the construction and transition phases of the Plataforma PEnsinar® were developed. It was based on a proposal that inserts the student as an active agent in the nursing process and the professor as a mediator, providing tools that will contribute to a better learning