55 research outputs found
Tendências da pesquisa em torno do cuidado espiritual em enfermagem: revisão da literatura
Introduction. Spiritual care is becoming to increase relevant in nursing practice in health situations that generate changes in the perspective of life and where transcendence and integral care are fundamental. Objective. Identify research trends on nursing spiritual care within the period of 2008 to 2018. Materials and methods. This literature review was did followed a four phases methodology: searching and identification, screening, eligibility, exclusion and inclusion. 34 published articles within the period of review, and found in PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest and ClinicalKey Nursing databases were obtained. Papers with quantitative, qualitative and mixed studies design were analyzed. The methodological quality was achieved by PRISMA statement. Results. Five thematic points emerged from this review: education and training about spiritual care; characteristics of spiritual care settings and intervention, conceptualization of spiritual dimension, spiritual care participants, measuring of spirituality and spiritual care. Conclusions. The identified trends indicate that spiritual care is highly important in the health and nursing field. Besides, these results represent a reference for Latin America about the state of spiritual nursing care research. It also invites to implement this knowledge in both undergraduate and graduate levels of formation to improve the care developed by the practice within this discipline.Introducción. El cuidado espiritual es un área que cada vez cobra mayor relevancia en la práctica de enfermería ante situaciones de salud que generan cambios en la perspectiva de vida y donde la trascendencia y la atención integral son fundamentales. Objetivo. Identificar las tendencias de investigación en torno al cuidado espiritual de enfermería en el periodo comprendido entre 2008-2018. Materiales y métodos. Es una revisión de la literatura, cuya ruta metodológica contempló cuatro fases (búsqueda e identificación, filtro, elegibilidad y exclusión e inclusión). Las unidades de análisis correspondieron a los artículos de estudios cuantitativos, cualitativos y mixtos de 34 artículos que fueron publicados en las bases de datos PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest y ClinicalKey Nursing. Para la elaboración del artículo y corroboración de la calidad de la presente revisión, se realizó la comprobación de los aspectos propuestos en la declaración PRISMA. Resultados. Emergieron cinco ejes temáticos de la revisión: educación y formación en el cuidado espiritual de enfermería, características de los escenarios y las intervenciones de cuidado espiritual, conceptualización de la dimensión espiritual, participantes en el cuidado espiritual, medición de la espiritualidad y del cuidado espiritual. Conclusiones. Las tendencias identificadas indican que el cuidado de la dimensión espiritual es de gran importancia en el ámbito de la salud y de la enfermería. A la vez, estos resultados son un punto de referencia a nivel latinoamericano e instan a que el conocimiento y formación académica en el área de interés, sea dada desde el pregrado y posgrado, con un impacto en la mejora del cuidado de enfermería desde la disciplina.Introdução. O cuidado espiritual é uma área que se torna cada vez mais importante na prática da enfermagem, diante de situações de saúde que geram mudanças na perspectiva da vida e onde a transcendência e o cuidado integral são fundamentais. Objetivo. Identificar tendências de pesquisa em torno do cuidado em enfermagem espiritual no período entre 2008 e 2018. Materiais e métodos. Trata-se de uma revisão da literatura, cuja rota metodológica contemplou quatro fases (busca e identificação, filtro, elegibilidade e exclusão e inclusão). As unidades de análise corresponderam aos artigos de estudos quantitativos, qualitativos e mistos de 34 artigos publicados nas bases de dados PubMed, Science Direct, ProQuest e ClinicalKey Nursing. Para a elaboração do artigo e comprovação da qualidade desta revisão, foram checados os aspectos propostos na declaração PRISMA. Resultados. Emergiram cinco eixos temáticos da revisão: educação e treinamento em formação espiritual de enfermagem, características dos cenários e intervenções de cuidados espirituais, conceituação da dimensão espiritual, participantes em cuidados espirituais, mensuração de espiritualidade e cuidado espiritual. Conclusões. As tendências identificadas indicam que o cuidado da dimensão espiritual é de grande importância no campo da saúde e da enfermagem. Ao mesmo tempo, esses resultados são um ponto de referência no nível latino-americano e exigem que o conhecimento e a formação acadêmica na área de interesse sejam ministrados na graduação e na pós-graduação com impacto na melhora da assistência de enfermagem da disciplina
Análisis jurisprudencial de las sentencias en segunda instancia, sobre la competencia desleal en Colombia
Según lo establecido por la ley 962 de 2005 el trámite de los procesos judiciales adelantados por la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio en materia de competencia desleal se seguirá conforme a las disposiciones del proceso abreviado, por ser un proceso abreviado las sentencias proferidas en segunda instancia por los tribunales superiores en materia de competencia desleal, no es procedente el recurso extraordinario de casación. Este trabajo pretende desarrollar un análisis estático y dinámico de las sentencias proferidas por los Tribunales Superiores de Distrito Judicial en segunda instancia cuando conocen del recurso de apelación interpuesto en contra de las sentencias proferidas por la Superintendencia de Industria y Comercio en materia de competencia desleal, con el fin de identificar las líneas jurisprudenciales en esta materia.As established by law 962 of 2005 the process of judicial procedures initiated by the Superintendency of Industry and Commerce on unfair competition will continue in accordance with the abbreviated process (proceso abreviado), as an abbreviated process, rulings or decisions uttered in a second instance by the high courts in unfair competition matters, will not have the possibility to go to appeal to the Supreme Court (recurso de casación). This work pretends to develop an static and dynamic analysis of those rulings uttered by the Judicial District High Courts as a second instance of appeal against the sentences issued by the Superintendency of Industry and Commerce in unfair competition in order to identify the judicial precedents in this matter.Abogado (a)Pregrad
The Caldera. No. 15
“No existe gran talento sin gran voluntad”. Honoré de Balzac. Desde la inteligencia emocional se distinguen una serie de cualidades, de aptitudes y de características que diferencian a un ser humano de otro y que nos permiten hablar de los determinados talentos que cada uno de nosotros posee. En nuestra institución, precisamente, existe un nutrido número de niños y de jóvenes talentosos en diferentes campos, a saber: La música, el teatro, la danza, el canto, los deportes, la escritura, la pintura, el diseño y, por supuesto, a nivel académico; personas sensibles al arte y a sus diferentes manifestaciones porque poseen un talento intrínseco que les permite destacarse en el medio en donde interactúan. En esta edición de “La Caldera” se pretende continuar con la labor de seguir destacando, mostrando, promoviendo algunos de los talentosos estudiantes que hacen parte de nuestra Institución. La edición también tiene como meta hacer la invitación a aquellos talentos aprendidos o innatos, pero ocultos, para que compartan con nuestra familia caldista sus dones. Es así como la institución privilegia diferentes espacios institucionales que, años tras año, han ido consolidándose como la muestra de talentos caldistas, en donde conocemos, valoramos, apreciamos y disfrutamos, precisamente, de las destrezas, de las habilidades que tienen nuestros educandos. Hagamos parte activa de estos espacios porque en la medida en la que nos involucremos, en esa medida, nuestra Institución seguirá creciendo y destacándose como una de las mejores a nivel regional y nacional.Entrevista a: William Ospina; Por: Lina maría Beltrán…04
El infinito Océano de la paz; Por: María Camila Escobar y Nicolás Espinel Martínez…05
Homenaje a Gabriel García Márquez; Por: Gisela Afanador…10
Dibujando sueños; Por: Lina maría Beltrán…14
A través de los ojos de Camila; Por: Valentina Vega…16
Expresiones Artísticas…17"There is no great talent without great will." Honoré de Balzac. From emotional intelligence, a series of qualities, aptitudes and characteristics are distinguished that differentiate one human being from another and that allow us to talk about the specific talents that each of us possesses. In our institution, precisely, there is a large number of talented children and young people in different fields, namely: music, theater, dance, singing, sports, writing, painting, design and, of course , at the academic level; people who are sensitive to art and its different manifestations because they have an intrinsic talent that allows them to stand out in the environment where they interact. In this edition of "La Caldera" it is intended to continue with the work of continuing to stand out, showing, promoting some of the talented students that are part of our Institution. The edition also aims to invite those talents learned or innate, but hidden, to share their gifts with our Caldista family. This is how the institution privileges different institutional spaces that, year after year, have been consolidated as the sample of Caldista talents, where we know, value, appreciate and enjoy, precisely, the skills, the abilities that our students have. Let's take an active part in these spaces because to the extent that we get involved, to that extent, our Institution will continue to grow and stand out as one of the best at the regional and national level
Novel genes and sex differences in COVID-19 severity
[EN] Here, we describe the results of a genome-wide study conducted in 11 939 coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive cases with an extensive clinical information that were recruited from 34 hospitals across Spain (SCOURGE consortium). In sex-disaggregated genome-wide association studies for COVID-19 hospitalization, genome-wide significance (P < 5 × 10−8) was crossed for variants in 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci only among males (P = 1.3 × 10−22 and P = 8.1 × 10−12, respectively), and for variants in 9q21.32 near TLE1 only among females (P = 4.4 × 10−8). In a second phase, results were combined with an independent Spanish cohort (1598 COVID-19 cases and 1068 population controls), revealing in the overall analysis two novel risk loci in 9p13.3 and 19q13.12, with fine-mapping prioritized variants functionally associated with AQP3 (P = 2.7 × 10−8) and ARHGAP33 (P = 1.3 × 10−8), respectively. The meta-analysis of both phases with four European studies stratified by sex from the Host Genetics Initiative (HGI) confirmed the association of the 3p21.31 and 21q22.11 loci predominantly in males and replicated a recently reported variant in 11p13 (ELF5, P = 4.1 × 10−8). Six of the COVID-19 HGI discovered loci were replicated and an HGI-based genetic risk score predicted the severity strata in SCOURGE. We also found more SNP-heritability and larger heritability differences by age (<60 or ≥60 years) among males than among females. Parallel genome-wide screening of inbreeding depression in SCOURGE also showed an effect of homozygosity in COVID-19 hospitalization and severity and this effect was stronger among older males. In summary, new candidate genes for COVID-19 severity and evidence supporting genetic disparities among sexes are provided.S
Analysis of the common genetic component of large-vessel vasculitides through a meta- Immunochip strategy
Giant cell arteritis (GCA) and Takayasu's arteritis (TAK) are major forms of large-vessel vasculitis (LVV) that share clinical features. To evaluate their genetic similarities, we analysed Immunochip genotyping data from 1,434 LVV patients and 3,814 unaffected controls. Genetic pleiotropy was also estimated. The HLA region harboured the main disease-specific associations. GCA was mostly associated with class II genes (HLA-DRB1/HLA-DQA1) whereas TAK was mostly associated with class I genes (HLA-B/MICA). Both the statistical significance and effect size of the HLA signals were considerably reduced in the cross-disease meta-analysis in comparison with the analysis of GCA and TAK separately. Consequently, no significant genetic correlation between these two diseases was observed when HLA variants were tested. Outside the HLA region, only one polymorphism located nearby the IL12B gene surpassed the study-wide significance threshold in the meta-analysis of the discovery datasets (rs755374, P?=?7.54E-07; ORGCA?=?1.19, ORTAK?=?1.50). This marker was confirmed as novel GCA risk factor using four additional cohorts (PGCA?=?5.52E-04, ORGCA?=?1.16). Taken together, our results provide evidence of strong genetic differences between GCA and TAK in the HLA. Outside this region, common susceptibility factors were suggested, especially within the IL12B locus
In COVID-19 Health Messaging, Loss Framing Increases Anxiety with Little-to-No Concomitant Benefits: Experimental Evidence from 84 Countries
The COVID-19 pandemic (and its aftermath) highlights a critical need to communicate health information effectively to the global public. Given that subtle differences in information framing can have meaningful effects on behavior, behavioral science research highlights a pressing question: Is it more effective to frame COVID-19 health messages in terms of potential losses (e.g., "If you do not practice these steps, you can endanger yourself and others") or potential gains (e.g., "If you practice these steps, you can protect yourself and others")? Collecting data in 48 languages from 15,929 participants in 84 countries, we experimentally tested the effects of message framing on COVID-19-related judgments, intentions, and feelings. Loss- (vs. gain-) framed messages increased self-reported anxiety among participants cross-nationally with little-to-no impact on policy attitudes, behavioral intentions, or information seeking relevant to pandemic risks. These results were consistent across 84 countries, three variations of the message framing wording, and 560 data processing and analytic choices. Thus, results provide an empirical answer to a global communication question and highlight the emotional toll of loss-framed messages. Critically, this work demonstrates the importance of considering unintended affective consequences when evaluating nudge-style interventions
A global experiment on motivating social distancing during the COVID-19 pandemic
Finding communication strategies that effectively motivate social distancing continues to be a global public health priority during the COVID-19 pandemic. This cross-country, preregistered experiment (n = 25,718 from 89 countries) tested hypotheses concerning generalizable positive and negative outcomes of social distancing messages that promoted personal agency and reflective choices (i.e., an autonomy-supportive message) or were restrictive and shaming (i.e., a controlling message) compared with no message at all. Results partially supported experimental hypotheses in that the controlling message increased controlled motivation (a poorly internalized form of motivation relying on shame, guilt, and fear of social consequences) relative to no message. On the other hand, the autonomy-supportive message lowered feelings of defiance compared with the controlling message, but the controlling message did not differ from receiving no message at all. Unexpectedly, messages did not influence autonomous motivation (a highly internalized form of motivation relying on one’s core values) or behavioral intentions. Results supported hypothesized associations between people’s existing autonomous and controlled motivations and self-reported behavioral intentions to engage in social distancing. Controlled motivation was associated with more defiance and less long-term behavioral intention to engage in social distancing, whereas autonomous motivation was associated with less defiance and more short- and long-term intentions to social distance. Overall, this work highlights the potential harm of using shaming and pressuring language in public health communication, with implications for the current and future global health challenges
A multi-country test of brief reappraisal interventions on emotions during the COVID-19 pandemic.
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased negative emotions and decreased positive emotions globally. Left unchecked, these emotional changes might have a wide array of adverse impacts. To reduce negative emotions and increase positive emotions, we tested the effectiveness of reappraisal, an emotion-regulation strategy that modifies how one thinks about a situation. Participants from 87 countries and regions (n = 21,644) were randomly assigned to one of two brief reappraisal interventions (reconstrual or repurposing) or one of two control conditions (active or passive). Results revealed that both reappraisal interventions (vesus both control conditions) consistently reduced negative emotions and increased positive emotions across different measures. Reconstrual and repurposing interventions had similar effects. Importantly, planned exploratory analyses indicated that reappraisal interventions did not reduce intentions to practice preventive health behaviours. The findings demonstrate the viability of creating scalable, low-cost interventions for use around the world
Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries
Abstract
Background
Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres.
Methods
This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries.
Results
In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia.
Conclusion
This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries
Legal protection of pharmaceutical test data in developing countries: is there a need to amend data exclusivity regimes? = Protección jurídica de los datos de prueba farmacéuticos en los países en vía de desarrollo
Developing countries have widely adopted data exclusivity for pharmaceutical test data protection although this is not mandated by TRIPS. Moreover at the bilateral level, developed countries have pushed towards stringent IP packages, among them, data exclusivity. The dissertation explores the challenges of data exclusivity in developing countries and argues that the alleged benefits of innovation and dissemination of technology do not exceed the social costs this IP regime poses.
Therefore, the research goes on to examine legal alternatives in compliance with Article 39.3, TRIPS, and suggest other legal frameworks for pharmaceutical test data protection. The study finds that developing countries have underestimated TRIPS flexibilities and have ignored safeguard measures for addressing their public health concerns. The discussion concludes that developing countries are in strong legal position to persuade changes on this field and argues for implementing measures according to the country´s level of development
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