The Second World War in the Destiny of Ukrainians

Статтю присвячено висвітленню випробовувань, які випали на долю українців під час Другої світової війни. Стверджується, що трагедія полягала в тому, що українці опинилися в лавах Червоної армії, а також польського, угорського, румунського і навіть німецького війська. Наведено дані про матеріальні збитки, завдані народному господарству України та людські втрати. The article is devoted to the trail of Ukrainians destiny during the Second World War. It is stated that the tragedy was that Ukrainians found themselves in the ranks of Red Army, and also in Polish, Hungarian, Romanian and even in German forces. The facts about financial and human losses which were inflicted to the Ukrainian national economy were given

Reconfiguration of striatal connectivity for timing and action

The medial cortico-striatal-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) motor circuit is a core system that exerts control over interval timing and action. A common network generates these behaviors possibly owing to cellular coding of temporal and non-temporal information, which in turn promotes reconfiguration of functional connectivity in accord with behavioral goals. At the neuroanatomical level, support for flexible CSTC reconfiguration comes from studies of temporal illusions demonstrating that this system calibrates the experience of time through functional interactions with various context-sensitive brain regions. Revelations that CSTC effective connectivity is pivotal for context-dependent facets of voluntary actions, namely action planning, complement its role in predictive processes such as timing. These observations suggest that the CSTC is positioned to represent high-level information about 'what to do' and 'when to do it' by dynamically reconfiguring effective connectivity as circumstances arise