Research and Client-Based Projects

This chapter will:; ; ; Show how to develop a needs analysis based on sound research principles;; ; ; Examine a number of different client-based projects that have taken a business discourse approach to teaching;; ; ; Discuss different ways in which business discourse research can be used in the classroom;; ; ; Present a case study that illustrates how business discourse projects can be incorporated into teaching practices together with a set of tasks related to the use of business discourse research in the classroom and a set of further readings

A numerical study of non-Newtonian transient elastohydrodynamic lubrication of metal-on-metal hip prostheses

This paper presents a comprehensive numerical study of transient non-Newtonian elastohydrodynamic lubrication of metal-on-metal hip prosthesis subjected to two different gait cycles. The shear-thinning property of the synovial fluid was found to have a significant effect on the lubricating film, in terms of both the magnitude and location of the minimum film thickness, and more generally the film thickness distribution. A range of clearances between the acetabular cup and femoral head was investigated and the shear-thinning effect was more pronounced in the hip replacements with smaller clearances

An Experimental Field Study of Delayed Density Dependence in Natural Populations of Aedes albopictus

Aedes albopictus, a species known to transmit dengue and chikungunya viruses, is primarily a container-inhabiting mosquito. The potential for pathogen transmission by Ae. albopictus has increased our need to understand its ecology and population dynamics. Two parameters that we know little about are the impact of direct density-dependence and delayed density-dependence in the larval stage. The present study uses a manipulative experimental design, under field conditions, to understand the impact of delayed density dependence in a natural population of Ae. albopictus in Raleigh, North Carolina. Twenty liter buckets, divided in half prior to experimentation, placed in the field accumulated rainwater and detritus, providing oviposition and larval production sites for natural populations of Ae. albopictus. Two treatments, a larvae present and larvae absent treatment, were produced in each bucket. After five weeks all larvae were removed from both treatments and the buckets were covered with fine mesh cloth. Equal numbers of first instars were added to both treatments in every bucket. Pupae were collected daily and adults were frozen as they emerged. We found a significant impact of delayed density-dependence on larval survival, development time and adult body size in containers with high larval densities. Our results indicate that delayed density-dependence will have negative impacts on the mosquito population when larval densities are high enough to deplete accessible nutrients faster than the rate of natural food accumulation

‘The will to empower’: reworking governmentality in the museum

A number of geographers have sought to develop the museum as a space ripe for geographical enquiry and to comprehend the positioning of the museum. This paper aims to contribute to this burgeoning field of museum geography in order to consider the ways in which museum spaces rework notions of governmentality. First, this paper seeks to comprehend how museums (specifically municipal museums) are positioned within processes of governance and how, as a state actor, they develop a form of soft disciplinary power. Second, the paper follows such a strategy, as it traces the pathways taken by participants involved in a community engagement project based at GoMA (Gallery of Modern Art, Glasgow) in Glasgow. The project engaged a group of adult learners in a variety of cultural and arts activities. This allowed the group to explore a series of issues in contemporary art and it engaged them in different forms of creative practice. The community engagement work sought to improve their confidence and aspirations as well as to expand their creative abilities

Autism spectrum disorder and food neophobia: clinical and subclinical links

Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) has been linked with eating and feeding related atypicalities , including food neophobia (refusal to try unfamiliar foods) , since its earliest description. Nevertheless, whether associations between ASD traits and food neophobia extend subclinical ly into t he broader population of children and their potential additive health impacts remain unexplored . Objective: We examine d ASD - control group differences in food neophobia and ASD trait - food neophobia trait associations as well as the ability of food neophobia and autistic traits to predict one index of later health - related outcomes (body mass index) . D es ign : Participants in the present study were a large commun ity - based sample of 8 - 11 year old s (n=4,564 ) , including a relatively small group o f children diagnosed with ASD (n =37) . Parents of these 8 - 11 - year - old children completed assessments of food neophobia and autistic traits, as well as providing height and weight metrics at 12 years of age . Results: C hildren with ASD were rated as more food neophobic than their same - age non - ASD peers ( 2.67+/ - 0.83 vs. 2.22 +/ - 0.73; p <.001) and there were subclinical associations between food neophobia and ASD traits (all three of social, communication, and restricted/repetitive behavior) in th is community - based sample of children ( p s<.05) . Moreover, while food neophobia alone predicted lower body mass index, the interaction of food neophobia and ASD traits predicted higher body mass index ( p s < .01) , suggesting that elevated ASD traits in combination with food neophobia exert opposing influences on weight to food neophobia alone . Conclusions: These findings implicate clinical and subclinical connections between ASD traits and feeding behaviors that could impact health outcomes and therefore should be further explored in future studies of shared etiology and intervention strategy

Towards the design of 3D multiscale instructive tissue engineering constructs: Current approaches and trends

The design of 3D constructs with adequate properties to instruct and guide cells both in vitro and in vivo is one of the major focuses of tissue engineering. Successful tissue regeneration depends on the favorable crosstalk between the supporting structure, the cells and the host tissue so that a balanced matrix production and degradation is achieved. Herein, the major occurring events and players in normal and regenerative tissue are overviewed. These have been inspiring the selection or synthesis of instructive cues to include into the 3D constructs. We further highlight the importance of a multiscale perception of the range of features that can be included on the biomimetic structures. Lastly, we focus on the current and developing tissue-engineering approaches for the preparation of such 3D constructs: top-down, bottom-up and integrative. Bottom-up and integrative approaches present a higher potential for the design of tissue engineering devices with multiscale features and higher biochemichal control than top-down strategies, and are the main focus of this review.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council grant agreement ERC-2012-ADG-20120216-321266 for the project ComplexiTE. Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology is gratefully acknowledged for the fellowship of Sara M. Oliveira (SFRH/BD/70107/2010)

Transverse Emittance Reduction in Muon Beams by Ionization Cooling

Accelerated muon beams have been considered for next-generation studies of high-energy lepton-antilepton collisions and neutrino oscillations. However, high-brightness muon beams have not yet been produced. The main challenge for muon acceleration and storage stems from the large phase-space volume occupied by the beam, derived from the muon production mechanism through the decay of pions from proton collisions. Ionization cooling is the technique proposed to decrease the muon beam phase-space volume. Here we demonstrate a clear signal of ionization cooling through the observation of transverse emittance reduction in beams that traverse lithium hydride or liquid hydrogen absorbers in the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment (MICE). The measurement is well reproduced by the simulation of the experiment and the theoretical model. The results shown here represent a substantial advance towards the realization of muon-based facilities that could operate at the energy and intensity frontiers.Comment: 23 pages and 5 figure

First demonstration of ionization cooling by the Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment

High-brightness muon beams of energy comparable to those produced by state-of-the-art electron, proton and ion accelerators have yet to be realised. Such beams have the potential to carry the search for new phenomena in lepton-antilepton collisions to extremely high energy and also to provide uniquely well-characterised neutrino beams. A muon beam may be created through the decay of pions produced in the interaction of a proton beam with a target. To produce a high-brightness beam from such a source requires that the phase space volume occupied by the muons be reduced (cooled). Ionization cooling is the novel technique by which it is proposed to cool the beam. The Muon Ionization Cooling Experiment collaboration has constructed a section of an ionization cooling cell and used it to provide the first demonstration of ionization cooling. We present these ground-breaking measurements.Comment: 19 pages and 6 figure

Targeting DNA Damage Response and Replication Stress in Pancreatic Cancer

Background and aims: Continuing recalcitrance to therapy cements pancreatic cancer (PC) as the most lethal malignancy, which is set to become the second leading cause of cancer death in our society. The study aim was to investigate the association between DNA damage response (DDR), replication stress and novel therapeutic response in PC to develop a biomarker driven therapeutic strategy targeting DDR and replication stress in PC. Methods: We interrogated the transcriptome, genome, proteome and functional characteristics of 61 novel PC patient-derived cell lines to define novel therapeutic strategies targeting DDR and replication stress. Validation was done in patient derived xenografts and human PC organoids. Results: Patient-derived cell lines faithfully recapitulate the epithelial component of pancreatic tumors including previously described molecular subtypes. Biomarkers of DDR deficiency, including a novel signature of homologous recombination deficiency, co-segregates with response to platinum (P &lt; 0.001) and PARP inhibitor therapy (P &lt; 0.001) in vitro and in vivo. We generated a novel signature of replication stress with which predicts response to ATR (P &lt; 0.018) and WEE1 inhibitor (P &lt; 0.029) treatment in both cell lines and human PC organoids. Replication stress was enriched in the squamous subtype of PC (P &lt; 0.001) but not associated with DDR deficiency. Conclusions: Replication stress and DDR deficiency are independent of each other, creating opportunities for therapy in DDR proficient PC, and post-platinum therapy

Improving risk management for violence in mental health services: a multimethods approach

contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-2015contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-2015contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-2015contractual_start_date: 07-2008 editorial_review_begun: 07-2014 accepted_for_publication: 06-201