Propuesta de galleta nutricional hecho a base de sangre de bovino para la alimentación de damnificados post-desastres

El presente estudio es un trabajo de investigación el cual tiene como fin presentar una alternativa alimenticia ante la carencia de alimentación adecuada que se origina como consecuencia de los desastres naturales como, por ejemplo, los huaycos ocurridos en la zona de Chosica y Huachipa. El principal objetivo de la propuesta es realizar la formulación de una galleta enriquecida con los nutrientes necesarios que ayuden a combatir el déficit nutricional que presenta una comunidad afectada por estos desastres. En el marco teórico se logró recolectar literatura sobre desastres naturales y las consecuencias de los mismos. Se conoció el impacto de los desastres en la alimentación de las personas damnificadas. Se realizó un estudio acerca de la cantidad de nutrientes que necesita una persona post desastre, por ello se evaluó la posibilidad de incluir a la sangre de bovino ya que presenta alta cantidad de hierro. En el segundo capítulo se alcanzó la viabilidad de obtención de la sangre de bovino en Lima Metropolitana y las opciones en las que se puede aprovechar este insumo. Siendo una de las opciones la obtención de harina de sangre por eliminación de sangre. Se evaluó los procedimientos existentes para la obtención de harina que se pueden utilizar a partir de sangre cruda animal, luego de la evaluación se concluyó que el mejor método a utilizar es de coagulación-centrifugación-secado debido a que el producto final es de mayor calidad. Respecto al tercer capítulo, se realizó la formulación para elaborar una galleta en base a este insumo. Luego de formular y preparar la galleta, se realizó la evaluación sensorial a través de una encuesta a ni˜nos y adultos. Según los resultados, la galleta fortificada con harina de sangre de bovino tiene más del 50% de aprobación en cuanto a sabor, olor y textura. Lo cual es un buen indicador que permite establecer la aceptación del producto. Por último, en el análisis económico y financiero se precisa la inversión total del proyecto de S/ 177,271, análisis de las fuentes de financiamiento, cálculo del costo de oportunidad que asciende a 11.35 %, punto de equilibrio y estados financieros. Se verifica la viabilidad económica y financiera del proyecto con un VANE de S/ 592,052 y VANF de S/ 615,821

Estrategia de diferenciacion de las multitiendas a traves de sus marcas propias.

139 p.Las marcas propias, propiedad de las empresas de retail y de distribución, en contraposición a las marcas tradicionales, propiedad de fabricantes nacionales o extranjeros, cumplen un rol de creciente importancia en la estrategia comercial de las distintas empresas de retail en Chile. El objetivo de la presente investigación es evaluar el rol que juegan las marcas propias de ropa femenina en la estrategia de diferenciación de las principales multitiendas, y en la generación de ventajas competitivas en plazas regionales. Se espera contribuir en dos aspectos al estudio del retail nacional, específicamente multitiendas. Primero, intenta explorar, e idealmente enriquecer mediante la verificación empírica, la aplicación de la teoría de marcas privadas a un rubro donde hay poco desarrollo: el vestuario. Segundo, intenta evaluar la importancia de las marcas privadas como estrategia de diferenciación de multitiendas en un contexto muy particular, las plazas regionales. El procedimiento a seguir, para lograr el objetivo planteado, es una investigación de mercados, comenzando por un estudio exploratorio seguido de un estudio concluyente, descriptivo de corte transversal, realizando para ello una encuesta a partir de un método estratificado probabilístico para la selección de la muestra. La principal conclusión obtenida radica en que las marcas propias si juegan un rol de diferenciación dentro de las multitiendas en las cuáles casi todo es imitable. Al tener una marca con una imagen no imitable que produce en las consumidoras emociones y que además es exclusiva de la multitienda, es posible diferenciarse consiguiendo por ende una ventaja competitiva en la multitienda que logre potenciar y diferenciar de esta forma sus marcas ya que crea valor en sus clientas

Fecal Contamination of Drinking Water Was Associated with Diarrheal Pathogen Carriage among Children Younger than 5 Years in Three Peruvian Rural Communities.

Drinking water contamination is a frequent problem in developing countries and could be associated with bacterial pathogen carriage in feces. We evaluated the association between the risk of drinking water and bacterial carrier status in children younger than 5 years in a cross-sectional study conducted in 199 households from three Peruvian rural communities. Fecal samples from children were screened for pathogenic Aeromonas, Campylobacter, and Vibrio species, as well as for Enterobacteriaceae, including pathogenic Escherichia coli. The drinking water risk was determined using E. coli as an indicator of contamination. Nineteen (9.5%) children were colonized with pathogens and classified as carriers, all without diarrhea symptoms. Of 199 drinking water samples, 38 (19.1%) were classified as very high risk because of high fecal contamination (> 100 E. coli/100 mL). Shared-use water sources, daily washing of containers, and washing using only water were associated with higher prevalence of bacterial carriage, whereas there was no association between households reporting boiling and chlorination of water and carrier status. The prevalence of carriage in children exposed to very high-risk water was 2.82 (95% CI: 1.21-6.59) times the prevalence of those who consumed less contaminated water, adjusted by the water source and daily washing. Our results suggest that household drinking water plays an important role in the generation of carriers with diarrheal pathogens. Our findings also highlight the importance of interventions to ensure the safety of drinking water. Further studies are needed to validate the observed association and determine its significance with respect to diarrhea in the community

Measurement of the cross-section and charge asymmetry of WW bosons produced in proton-proton collisions at s=8\sqrt{s}=8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents measurements of the $W^+ \rightarrow \mu^+\nu$ and $W^- \rightarrow \mu^-\nu$ cross-sections and the associated charge asymmetry as a function of the absolute pseudorapidity of the decay muon. The data were collected in proton--proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC and correspond to a total integrated luminosity of 20.2~\mbox{fb^{-1}}. The precision of the cross-section measurements varies between 0.8% to 1.5% as a function of the pseudorapidity, excluding the 1.9% uncertainty on the integrated luminosity. The charge asymmetry is measured with an uncertainty between 0.002 and 0.003. The results are compared with predictions based on next-to-next-to-leading-order calculations with various parton distribution functions and have the sensitivity to discriminate between them.Comment: 38 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 5 figures, 4 tables, submitted to EPJC. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2017-13

Search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum in pp collisions at √ s = 8 TeV with the ATLAS detector

Results of a search for new phenomena in final states with an energetic jet and large missing transverse momentum are reported. The search uses 20.3 fb−1 of √ s = 8 TeV data collected in 2012 with the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are required to have at least one jet with pT > 120 GeV and no leptons. Nine signal regions are considered with increasing missing transverse momentum requirements between Emiss T > 150 GeV and Emiss T > 700 GeV. Good agreement is observed between the number of events in data and Standard Model expectations. The results are translated into exclusion limits on models with either large extra spatial dimensions, pair production of weakly interacting dark matter candidates, or production of very light gravitinos in a gauge-mediated supersymmetric model. In addition, limits on the production of an invisibly decaying Higgs-like boson leading to similar topologies in the final state are presente

Search for chargino-neutralino production with mass splittings near the electroweak scale in three-lepton final states in √s=13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector

A search for supersymmetry through the pair production of electroweakinos with mass splittings near the electroweak scale and decaying via on-shell W and Z bosons is presented for a three-lepton final state. The analyzed proton-proton collision data taken at a center-of-mass energy of √s=13  TeV were collected between 2015 and 2018 by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139  fb−1. A search, emulating the recursive jigsaw reconstruction technique with easily reproducible laboratory-frame variables, is performed. The two excesses observed in the 2015–2016 data recursive jigsaw analysis in the low-mass three-lepton phase space are reproduced. Results with the full data set are in agreement with the Standard Model expectations. They are interpreted to set exclusion limits at the 95% confidence level on simplified models of chargino-neutralino pair production for masses up to 345 GeV

ENM2020 : A FREE ONLINE COURSE AND SET OF RESOURCES ON MODELING SPECIES NICHES AND DISTRIBUTIONS

The field of distributional ecology has seen considerable recent attention, particularly surrounding the theory, protocols, and tools for Ecological Niche Modeling (ENM) or Species Distribution Modeling (SDM). Such analyses have grown steadily over the past two decades-including a maturation of relevant theory and key concepts-but methodological consensus has yet to be reached. In response, and following an online course taught in Spanish in 2018, we designed a comprehensive English-language course covering much of the underlying theory and methods currently applied in this broad field. Here, we summarize that course, ENM2020, and provide links by which resources produced for it can be accessed into the future. ENM2020 lasted 43 weeks, with presentations from 52 instructors, who engaged with >2500 participants globally through >14,000 hours of viewing and >90,000 views of instructional video and question-and-answer sessions. Each major topic was introduced by an "Overview" talk, followed by more detailed lectures on subtopics. The hierarchical and modular format of the course permits updates, corrections, or alternative viewpoints, and generally facilitates revision and reuse, including the use of only the Overview lectures for introductory courses. All course materials are free and openly accessible (CC-BY license) to ensure these resources remain available to all interested in distributional ecology.Peer reviewe

ATP-Dependent Chromatin Remodeling Factors and Their Roles in Affecting Nucleosome Fiber Composition

ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors of the SNF2 family are key components of the cellular machineries that shape and regulate chromatin structure and function. Members of this group of proteins have broad and heterogeneous functions ranging from controlling gene activity, facilitating DNA damage repair, promoting homologous recombination to maintaining genomic stability. Several chromatin remodeling factors are critical components of nucleosome assembly processes, and recent reports have identified specific functions of distinct chromatin remodeling factors in the assembly of variant histones into chromatin. In this review we will discuss the specific roles of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors in determining nucleosome composition and, thus, chromatin fiber properties

Stable transmission of reversible modifications: maintenance of epigenetic information through the cell cycle

Even though every cell in a multicellular organism contains the same genes, the differing spatiotemporal expression of these genes determines the eventual phenotype of a cell. This means that each cell type contains a specific epigenetic program that needs to be replicated through cell divisions, along with the genome, in order to maintain cell identity. The stable inheritance of these programs throughout the cell cycle relies on several epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, DNA methylation and histone methylation by specific histone lysine methyltransferases (KMT) and the Polycomb/Trithorax proteins are considered as the primary mediators of epigenetic inheritance. In addition, non-coding RNAs and nuclear organization are implicated in the stable transfer of epigenetic information. Although most epigenetic modifications are reversible in nature, they can be stably maintained by self-recruitment of modifying protein complexes or maintenance of these complexes or structures through the cell cycle