Fe(III)-Chloroquine Complex: A New Potent Compound in Wellness Industries of High Antimicrobial and Antimalarial Activities

Fe(III)- Chloroquine complex has been synthesized and screened for its physicochemical, microbial as well as pharmacological activity have been done in solid and aqueous phase. On the basis of elemental analysis, polarographic studies, amperometric titration and IR spectral studies the probable formula for the complex has been determined at 25±1OC and ionic strength of µ= 1.0[KCl]. Raper's paper disc method was used for microbial study against various pathogenic bacteria and fungi. In vivo syudy of Swiss mice [25-30gm] were used for antimalarial activity against Chloroquine and its complex on xyline-Alcoholic activity test Kidney, liver and serum of these rats were also studied. On the basis of observed result it could be concluded that Fe (III)-Chloroquine complex were found to be non-toxic and more potent than pure chloroquine drug

Anticancer Activity of New Copper (II) Complexes with 6-Thiguanine Drug

Abstract: A new complex has been synthesized of Cu (II) complex with 6-thioguanine and phyico-chemical characterized by amperometry, polarography elemental analysis and FTIR spectroscopy. After Synthesis of metal complex, it was evaluated it for antibacterial and antifungal activities against various pathogenic microorganisms such as; Streptococcus aureus, Proteus. M., klebsiella pneumonia and Asperginus niger, Nigrosporan S.P. B16-F10 melanoma cell and C-57BL/6 mice has been used for anticancer screening of metal complex for in vitro and in vivo study. The result of pharmacological studies with M: L revealed that the complex is more potent as compared to the pure drug as regards to its anticancer activity

Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriers and the prevalence of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus among medical students

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a dynamic and adaptable bacterium that has an incredible talent to attain antibiotic resistance. Nasal colonisation of S.aureus increases with greater exposure of students to the hospital environment. The prevention of staphylococcal infection and reduction of spread and emergence of MRSA are essential. Medical students would be a key target group to introduce awareness of hospital-acquired infections. Therefore, the present study aims at understanding the prevalence of carrier rate of S.aureus and MRSA among Medical students during their clinical postings.Methods: Nasal swabs were taken from 150 medical students. Their Staphylococcus aureus nasal carriage was determined by plating on sheep blood agar and MRSA carriage by to Kirby Bauer Disc Diffusion method using Cefoxitin disc (30 µg).Results: The present study showed a 40% nasal carriage of S.aureus amongst medical students. Of the 60 S. aureus isolates 28%, 36% and 56% isolates were from 1st, 2nd and 3rd year respectively. The colonisation rate of MRSA in the present study was found to be 12.66% amongst the medical students of 6%, 10%, 22% belonged to 1st, 2nd, and 3rd respectivelyConclusions: The nasal carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among medical students increases as their exposure to patient care increases. Medical students should be made aware of the risks of carrying S.aureus and MRSA and educated about the hand washing protocol and safety precautions to be followed while handling patients

Multiple Non-Syndromic Hyperdontia- Report of an Unusual Case

The aims and objectives are to report a case of multiple supernumerary premolars and molars, an unusual anomaly in a non-syndromic patient. This article reports a case of 28 years old patient with non-syndromic supernumerary premolars and molars. The patient had 6 supernumerary premolars, 2 distomolars, and maximum number of supernumerary premolars  in the maxilla making this case very unusual. The detection of multiple supernumerary teeth is usually a coincidental finding, often detected on Radiographs. This case report lays stress upon the role of early detection, radiographic examination and frequent evaluation to detect any complications which may be associated with supernumerary teeth

Comparison of cord bilirubin and bilirubin albumin ratio to predict significant hyperbilirubinemia in healthy full-term neonates

Background: Early prediction and identification of severe hyperbilirubinemia for that age and appropriate treatment are must to prevent kernicterus. Objective: The objective is to study the predictive value of bilirubin albumin ratio (BAR) and to compare it with cord bilirubin alone for early identification of significant neonatal hyperbilirubinemia in healthy term neonates. Materials and Methods: This prospective cross-sectional study was done in a tertiary care center located in Central India on 543 healthy term neonates. Cord blood of 2 ml was collected during the delivery from the placental end and sent for BAR and cord bilirubin analysis. All the neonates had undergone total serum bilirubin estimation and neonates with serum bilirubin ≥17 mg/dl at ≥72 h of age were defined to have significant hyperbilirubinemia. Results: Among the study population, 44 neonates developed significant hyperbilirubinemia. Sensitivity and specificity of cord BAR were 95.45% and 89.78%. Sensitivity and specificity of cord blood bilirubin were 95.65% and 95.57%. Positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of cord BAR were 45.16% and 99.55%. PPV and NPV of cord blood bilirubin were 64.70% and 99.58%. Considering mean as the cutoff value, cutoff value for cord BAR was 0.89 and it was 2.95 for cord blood bilirubin. Diagnostic accuracy of cord BAR and cord blood bilirubin in predicting the hyperbilirubinemia was 90.79% and 96.31%, respectively. Conclusion: Both cord BAR and cord blood bilirubin are the early predictors of neonatal significant hyperbilirubinemia, but cord blood bilirubin is the better diagnostic tool than the former in early detection of neonatal jaundice

Isoform-specific dynamic translocation of PKC by α1-adrenoceptor stimulation in live cells.

Protein kinase C (PKC) plays key roles in the regulation of signal transduction and cellular function in various cell types. At least ten PKC isoforms have been identified and intracellular localization and trafficking of these individual isoforms are important for regulation of enzyme activity and substrate specificity. PKC can be activated downstream of Gq-protein coupled receptor (GqPCR) signaling and translocate to various cellular compartments including plasma membrane (PM). Recent reports suggested that different types of GqPCRs would activate different PKC isoforms (classic, novel and atypical PKCs) with different trafficking patterns. However, the knowledge of isoform-specific activation of PKC by each GqPCR is limited. α1-Adrenoceptor (α1-AR) is one of the GqPCRs highly expressed in the cardiovascular system. In this study, we examined the isoform-specific dynamic translocation of PKC in living HEK293T cells by α1-AR stimulation (α1-ARS). Rat PKCα, βI, βII, δ, ε and ζ fused with GFP at C-term were co-transfected with human α1A-AR into HEK293T cells. The isoform-specific dynamic translocation of PKC in living HEK293T cells by α1-ARS using phenylephrine was measured by confocal microscopy. Before stimulation, GFP-PKCs were localized at cytosolic region. α1-ARS strongly and rapidly translocated a classical PKC (cPKC), PKCα, (\u3c30 \u3es) to PM, with PKCα returning diffusively into the cytosol within 5 min. α1-ARS rapidly translocated other cPKCs, PKCβI and PKCβII, to the PM (\u3c30 \u3es), with sustained membrane localization. One novel PKC (nPKC), PKCε, but not another nPKC, PKCδ, was translocated by α1-AR stimulation to the PM (\u3c30 \u3es) and its membrane localization was also sustained. Finally, α1-AR stimulation did not cause a diacylglycerol-insensitive atypical PKC, PKCζ translocation. Our data suggest that PKCα, β and ε activation may underlie physiological and pathophysiological responses of α1-AR signaling for the phosphorylation of membrane-associated substrates including ion-channel and transporter proteins in the cardiovascular system

Large expert-curated database for benchmarking document similarity detection in biomedical literature search

Document recommendation systems for locating relevant literature have mostly relied on methods developed a decade ago. This is largely due to the lack of a large offline gold-standard benchmark of relevant documents that cover a variety of research fields such that newly developed literature search techniques can be compared, improved and translated into practice. To overcome this bottleneck, we have established the RElevant LIterature SearcH consortium consisting of more than 1500 scientists from 84 countries, who have collectively annotated the relevance of over 180 000 PubMed-listed articles with regard to their respective seed (input) article/s. The majority of annotations were contributed by highly experienced, original authors of the seed articles. The collected data cover 76% of all unique PubMed Medical Subject Headings descriptors. No systematic biases were observed across different experience levels, research fields or time spent on annotations. More importantly, annotations of the same document pairs contributed by different scientists were highly concordant. We further show that the three representative baseline methods used to generate recommended articles for evaluation (Okapi Best Matching 25, Term Frequency-Inverse Document Frequency and PubMed Related Articles) had similar overall performances. Additionally, we found that these methods each tend to produce distinct collections of recommended articles, suggesting that a hybrid method may be required to completely capture all relevant articles. The established database server located at https://relishdb.ict.griffith.edu.au is freely available for the downloading of annotation data and the blind testing of new methods. We expect that this benchmark will be useful for stimulating the development of new powerful techniques for title and title/abstract-based search engines for relevant articles in biomedical research.Peer reviewe

Reducing the environmental impact of surgery on a global scale: systematic review and co-prioritization with healthcare workers in 132 countries

Abstract Background Healthcare cannot achieve net-zero carbon without addressing operating theatres. The aim of this study was to prioritize feasible interventions to reduce the environmental impact of operating theatres. Methods This study adopted a four-phase Delphi consensus co-prioritization methodology. In phase 1, a systematic review of published interventions and global consultation of perioperative healthcare professionals were used to longlist interventions. In phase 2, iterative thematic analysis consolidated comparable interventions into a shortlist. In phase 3, the shortlist was co-prioritized based on patient and clinician views on acceptability, feasibility, and safety. In phase 4, ranked lists of interventions were presented by their relevance to high-income countries and low–middle-income countries. Results In phase 1, 43 interventions were identified, which had low uptake in practice according to 3042 professionals globally. In phase 2, a shortlist of 15 intervention domains was generated. In phase 3, interventions were deemed acceptable for more than 90 per cent of patients except for reducing general anaesthesia (84 per cent) and re-sterilization of ‘single-use’ consumables (86 per cent). In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for high-income countries were: introducing recycling; reducing use of anaesthetic gases; and appropriate clinical waste processing. In phase 4, the top three shortlisted interventions for low–middle-income countries were: introducing reusable surgical devices; reducing use of consumables; and reducing the use of general anaesthesia. Conclusion This is a step toward environmentally sustainable operating environments with actionable interventions applicable to both high– and low–middle–income countries