764 research outputs found
Supersymmetric codimension-two branes in six-dimensional gauged supergravity
We consider the six-dimensional Salam-Sezgin supergravity in the presence of
codimension-2 branes. In the case that the branes carry only tension, we
provide a way to supersymmetrise them by adding appropriate localised
Fayet-Iliopoulos terms and localised corrections to the Chern-Simons term and
modifying accordingly the fermionic supersymmetry transformations. The
resulting brane action has N=1 supersymmetry (SUSY). We find the axisymmetric
vacua of the system and show that one has unwarped background solutions with
"football"-shaped extra dimensions which always respect N=1 SUSY for any value
of the equal brane tensions, in contrast with the non-supersymmetric brane
action background. Finally, we generically find multiple zero modes of the
gravitino in this background and discuss how one could obtain a single chiral
zero mode present in the low energy spectrum.Comment: 21 pages, no figures, A sign error in the gauge potential at the
lower brane corrected and its consequent effect discusse
Mutant screen reveals the Piccolo's control over depression and brain-gonad crosstalk
Successful sexual reproduction involves a highly complex, genetically encoded interplay between animal physiology and behavior. Here we developed a screen to identify genes essential for rat reproduction based on an unbiased methodology involving mutagenesis via the Sleeping Beauty transposon. As expected, our screen identified genes where reproductive failure was connected to gametogenesis (Btrc, Pan3, Spaca6, Ube2k) and embryogenesis (Alk3, Exoc6b, Slc1a3, Tmx4, Zmynd8). In addition, our screen identified Atg13 (longevity) Dlg1 and Pclo (neuronal disorders), previously not associated with reproduction. Dominant Pclo traits caused epileptiform activity and affected genes supporting GABAergic synaptic transmission (Gabra6, Gabrg3), and animals exhibited a compromised crosstalk between the brain and gonads via disturbed GnRH signaling. Recessive Pclo traits disrupted conspecific recognition required for courtship/mating and were mapped to allelic markers for major depressive disorder (Grm5, Htr2a, Sorcs3, Negr1, Drd2). Thus, Pclo-deficiency in rats link neural networks controlling sexual motivation to Pclo variants that have been associated with human neurological disorders
Forward and midrapidity like-particle ratios from p+p collisions at sqrt(s)=200 GeV
We present a measurement of pi-\pi+, K-/K+ and pbar/p from p+p collisions at
sqrt(s) = 20 0GeV over the rapidity range 0<y<3.4. For pT < 2.0 GeV/c we see no
significant transverse momentum dependence of the ratios. All three ratios are
independent of rapidity for y ~< 1.5 and then steadily decline from y ~ 1.5 to
y ~ 3. The pi-\pi+ ratio is below unity for y > 2.0. The pbar/p ratio is very
similar for p+p and 20% central Au+Au collisions at all rapidities. In the
fragmentation region the three ratios seem to be independent of beam energy
when viewed from the rest frame of one of the protons. Theoretical models based
on quark-diquark breaking mechanisms overestimate the pbar/p ratio up to y ~<
3. Including additional mechanisms for baryon number transport such as baryon
junctions leads to a better description of the data.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, uses elsart.sty. Changes to references and
discussion based on referee comments, resubmitted to Phys. Lett.
The New Physics at RHIC. From Transparency to High p Suppression
Heavy ion collisions at RHIC energies (Au+Au collisions at
GeV) exhibit significant new features as compared to
earlier experiments at lower energies. The reaction is characterized by a high
degree of transparency of the collisions partners leading to the formation of a
baryon-poor central region. In this zone, particle production occurs mainly
from the stretching of the color field. The initial energy density is well
above the one considered necessary for the formation of the Quark Gluon Plasma,
QGP. The production of charged particles of various masses is consistent with
chemical and thermal equilibrium. Recently, a suppression of the high
transverse momentum component of hadron spectra has been observed in central
Au+Au collisions. This can be explained by the energy loss experienced by
leading partons in a medium with a high density of unscreened color charges. In
contrast, such high jets are not suppressed in d+Au collisions suggesting
that the high suppression is not due to initial state effects in the
ultrarelativistic colliding nuclei.Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures. to appear in Nucl. Physics A. Invited talk at
'Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions 2003' conference, Mosco
Au+Au Reactions at the AGS: Experiments E866 and E917
Particle production and correlation functions from Au+Au reactions have been
measured as a function of both beam energy (2-10.7AGeV) and impact parameter.
These results are used to probe the dynamics of heavy-ion reactions, confront
hadronic models over a wide range of conditions and to search for the onset of
new phenomena.Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures, Talk presented at Quark Matter '9
Genera of phytopathogenic fungi: GOPHY 1
Genera of Phytopathogenic Fungi (GOPHY) is introduced as a new series of publications in order to provide a stable platform for the taxonomy of phytopathogenic fungi. This first paper focuses on 21 genera of phytopathogenic fungi: Bipolaris, Boeremia, Calonectria, Ceratocystis, Cladosporium, Colletotrichum, Coniella, Curvularia, Monilinia, Neofabraea, Neofusicoccum, Pilidium, Pleiochaeta, Plenodomus, Protostegia, Pseudopyricularia, Puccinia, Saccharata, Thyrostroma, Venturia and Wilsonomyces. For each genus, a morphological description and information about its pathology, distribution, hosts and disease symptoms are provided. In addition, this information is linked to primary and secondary DNA barcodes of the presently accepted species, and relevant literature. Moreover, several novelties are introduced, i.e. new genera, species and combinations, and neo-, lecto- and epitypes designated to provide a stable taxonomy. This first paper includes one new genus, 26 new species, nine new combinations, and four typifications of older names
Formation of dense partonic matter in relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions at RHIC: Experimental evaluation by the PHENIX collaboration
Extensive experimental data from high-energy nucleus-nucleus collisions were
recorded using the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider
(RHIC). The comprehensive set of measurements from the first three years of
RHIC operation includes charged particle multiplicities, transverse energy,
yield ratios and spectra of identified hadrons in a wide range of transverse
momenta (p_T), elliptic flow, two-particle correlations, non-statistical
fluctuations, and suppression of particle production at high p_T. The results
are examined with an emphasis on implications for the formation of a new state
of dense matter. We find that the state of matter created at RHIC cannot be
described in terms of ordinary color neutral hadrons.Comment: 510 authors, 127 pages text, 56 figures, 1 tables, LaTeX. Submitted
to Nuclear Physics A as a regular article; v3 has minor changes in response
to referee comments. Plain text data tables for the points plotted in figures
for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available
at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.htm
Kaon Production and Kaon to Pion Ratio in Au+Au Collisions at \snn=130 GeV
Mid-rapidity transverse mass spectra and multiplicity densities of charged
and neutral kaons are reported for Au+Au collisions at \snn=130 GeV at RHIC.
The spectra are exponential in transverse mass, with an inverse slope of about
280 MeV in central collisions. The multiplicity densities for these particles
scale with the negative hadron pseudo-rapidity density. The charged kaon to
pion ratios are and
for the most central collisions. The ratio is lower than the same
ratio observed at the SPS while the is higher than the SPS result.
Both ratios are enhanced by about 50% relative to p+p and +p
collision data at similar energies.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 tabl
Measurement of the polarisation of W bosons produced with large transverse momentum in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment
This paper describes an analysis of the angular distribution of W->enu and
W->munu decays, using data from pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV recorded with
the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2010, corresponding to an integrated
luminosity of about 35 pb^-1. Using the decay lepton transverse momentum and
the missing transverse energy, the W decay angular distribution projected onto
the transverse plane is obtained and analysed in terms of helicity fractions
f0, fL and fR over two ranges of W transverse momentum (ptw): 35 < ptw < 50 GeV
and ptw > 50 GeV. Good agreement is found with theoretical predictions. For ptw
> 50 GeV, the values of f0 and fL-fR, averaged over charge and lepton flavour,
are measured to be : f0 = 0.127 +/- 0.030 +/- 0.108 and fL-fR = 0.252 +/- 0.017
+/- 0.030, where the first uncertainties are statistical, and the second
include all systematic effects.Comment: 19 pages plus author list (34 pages total), 9 figures, 11 tables,
revised author list, matches European Journal of Physics C versio
Observation of a new chi_b state in radiative transitions to Upsilon(1S) and Upsilon(2S) at ATLAS
The chi_b(nP) quarkonium states are produced in proton-proton collisions at
the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV and recorded by the ATLAS
detector. Using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 4.4
fb^-1, these states are reconstructed through their radiative decays to
Upsilon(1S,2S) with Upsilon->mu+mu-. In addition to the mass peaks
corresponding to the decay modes chi_b(1P,2P)->Upsilon(1S)gamma, a new
structure centered at a mass of 10.530+/-0.005 (stat.)+/-0.009 (syst.) GeV is
also observed, in both the Upsilon(1S)gamma and Upsilon(2S)gamma decay modes.
This is interpreted as the chi_b(3P) system.Comment: 5 pages plus author list (18 pages total), 2 figures, 1 table,
corrected author list, matches final version in Physical Review Letter
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